Term
| The blood pressure will fall when... |
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Definition
| There is a net vasodilation of arterioles |
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Term
| The body temp will increase, that is, the adjustment that is made when the body temp is below the preset value, as a result of... |
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Definition
| Vasoconstriction in the skin plus vasodilation in the deeper portions of the body |
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Term
| The body temp will decrease, that is, the adjustment that is made when the body temp is above the preset value, as a result of... |
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Definition
| Vasodilation in the skin plus vasoconstriction in the deeper portions of the body |
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Term
| T/F A prolonged period of work overload tends to make one more susceptible to bacterial or viral infections as a result of chronic increase in blood level of cortisol |
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Definition
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Term
| The experience of passionate happiness over an extended period of time is... |
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Definition
| a stressor to the human body that can produce illness or contribute to illness |
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Term
| T/F A chronic conscious intense feeling of anger, anxiety or guilt will tend to produce "Psycho-somatic illness". One way to avoid such illness is to repress these feelings into the Individual, Collective Unconscious. |
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Definition
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Term
| Unresolved feelings over a long period of time-months or years-may lead to parts of the body becoming overloaded with activity. |
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Definition
| This often will lead to a stress related illness |
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Term
| Mendel discovered that there are simple traits, e.g., pea plants express one of two possible flower colors. He discovered this as a result of... |
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Definition
| Systematic experimentation based on his first theoretical insight |
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Term
| Mendel's second theoretical insight was that a simple trait, e.g., flower color, is determined by two messages, one for purple and one for white. He arrived at this insight by... |
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Definition
| Imagining and then metaphorically conceptualizing about messages as the way parents influence traits in their offspring |
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Term
| Genetics studies message transfer and message expression... |
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Definition
| In populations of a particular species, e.g., humans, involving random interactions |
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Term
| Mendel formulated the first "law of genetics" based on experiments on... |
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Definition
| Artificially produces "true breeding populations" |
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Term
| Mendel discovered that when he crossed true breeding purple flower pea plants with true breeding white flower pea plants the flower color frequency of the offsprings called the F1 generation were... |
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Definition
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Term
| When Mendel mated pea plants from the F1 generation described in question #23, he observed the flower color frequency of the offspring to be... |
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Definition
| Some purple and some white |
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Term
| A proper description of Mendel's theory of genetics is... |
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Definition
| Mendel invented three theoretical terms, gene, dominant gene, and recessive gene, in order to explain the results of some of his experiments with pea plants |
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Term
| T/F Mendel discovered that during the production of gametes pairs of genes segregate, i.e., in heterozygous pea plants for flower color, some gametes only contain the gene for purple flower and other gametes only contain the gene for white flower. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F In the perspective of modern science that has validated and greatly expanded Mendel's theories, it is a fact that the traits of any organism, e.g., humans, are determined by genes- genes really exist! |
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Definition
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Term
| Mendel and scientists after him believed that the theory involving segregation and recombining genes is valid because when one crossed heterozygous pea plants, i.e., Cc x Cc, one predicted and then observed |
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Definition
| Approximately 75% purple flower plants and 25% white flower plants |
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Term
| Individual chromosomes each consisting of identical chromatids line up in the equatorial plane of a cell during... |
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Definition
| Metaphase of mitosis and Metaphase of the second meiotic division |
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Term
| Pairs of chromosomes line up in the equatorial plane of a cell during... |
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Definition
| Metaphase of the first meiotic division |
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Term
| Positivistic philosophy of science is... |
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Definition
| similar to any fundamentalist creator-God religion which requires an individual to make an act of Faith in the dogmas of the religion |
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Term
| T/F The creation of all scientific theories is a totally rational process; it does not require subjective insights. |
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Definition
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Term
| Once a theory is proven to be valid... |
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Definition
| It remains only one way of describing nature; it only is useful to think of nature according to the theory |
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Term
| In creating a scientific, rational model based on a story... |
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Definition
| Theoretical terms are created and defined in relation to operationally defined terms |
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Term
| If one is committed to a positivistic philosophy of science... |
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Definition
| The war between traditional values based on religion or philosophy and utilitarian values based positivistic science is unavoidable and irresolvable |
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Term
| If one is committed to a positivistic philosophy of science, and committed to being rationally consistent... |
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Definition
| One must reject the spiritual vision of Democracy |
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Term
| T/F The self-determination via genes (i.e., DNA) of epigenesis implies that the developmental process is not influenced by the environment of the developing organism. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the analogy between animal development and getting a college education, differentiation is analogous to... |
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Definition
| One's perspective begins to change resulting from taking courses in one's major (one's area of specialization) |
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Term
| In the analogy between animal development and getting a college education, cell determination is analogous to... |
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Definition
| Deciding what area of knowledge one is going to major in |
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Term
| From a biological point of view, the embryo becomes an individual organism at what stage? |
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Definition
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Term
| Before the stage of fetal hormonal sex, the embryo is programmed to and starts to differentiate primarily its potentials for... |
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Definition
| Female reproductive organs |
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Term
| According to the Adam principle, the primordial female reproductive organs continue to differentiate as a result of what? |
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Definition
| The lack of presence of androgen |
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Term
| The first theme of evolution that states that every species exhibits variation and adaptation over time to its environment... |
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Definition
| Does not contradict the creationist theory and the Biblical story of Adam and Eve |
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Term
| T/F According to the perspective of this course, biological evolution can no longer be thought of as a theory; rather it is one of the fundamental "facts of life" |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Darwin's theory, a species is... |
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Definition
| A population of organisms with sufficiently many properties in common to be put into a classification category called a species |
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Term
| T/F Darwin's theory of evolution proposed that as a result of natural selection, an individual representative of a species is transformed into a new species. |
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Definition
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Term
| An "innovative mutation" i.e., a mutation with positive survival value, is expressed as a trait that... |
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Definition
| Enables the individual that possesses it to participate in the reproduction of a greater number of prolific offspring than individuals without this trait |
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Term
| Natural selection is the process which results in... |
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Definition
| Individuals with mutations with positive survival value participate in reproduction of a greater number of fertile offspring than reproducing organisms without these mutations |
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Term
| Many thousands of natural selections occurring over many thousands of generations result in... |
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Definition
| Individual offspring of each successive generation to express a small but always greater adaptation to a particular environment |
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Term
| The accumulation of many species adaptations occurring over many thousands of generations results in... |
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Definition
| The population of organisms designated as a particular species gradually undergoes a species transformation |
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Term
| Species adaptation is the process of... |
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Definition
| A species life pattern modified by a new trait |
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Term
| T/F A mutation may have positive survival value in one environment but have negative survival value in a very different environment. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mechanistic theories thought to be able tot totally explain or describe life... |
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Definition
| Also deny the possibility of evolution |
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Term
| The idea that any living thing is only a very complex, homeostatic machine... |
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Definition
| Denies the possibility of evolution |
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Term
| The classical version of the second law of thermodynamic describing systems at or near equilibrium... |
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Definition
| Denies the possibility of universal evolution |
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Term
| The event of an individual human coming into existence... |
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Definition
| From a theological point of view is directly due to a creative act of God and from a scientific, evolutionary point of view there is no need to postulate a creative act of God |
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Term
| Objective knowing, sometimes called hypothesis testing, is thought to be the only or the best way of understanding nature |
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Definition
| As a result of an ethical choice |
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Term
| The ethic of mutuality is an ethical choice that... |
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Definition
| The universe is mysterious but partially knowable as a result of the mutuality of creating a hypothesis and hypothesis testing |
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Term
| Objective knowing involves a commitment to... |
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Definition
| Control of nature based on rational understanding of it |
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Term
| A love relationship between two people or between a human and nature is possible if one makes an exclusive commitment to... |
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Definition
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Term
| The ethic of mutuality is paradoxical because it requires that... |
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Definition
| One must enter into mutuality with destructive, painful, and even evil events in the universe because only by doing so can one transcend them |
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Term
| The ethic of mutuality implies that Chaos which may be the manifestation of evil events is... |
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Definition
| The occasion for transcending to higher levels of consciousness |
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Term
| The ethic of mutuality... |
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Definition
| Incorporates the ethic of objective knowing |
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Term
| The story perspective of our biosphere involving an ethic of mutuality assumes there is a fundamental difference between a living organism and a non-living system |
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Definition
| And assumes that we can acknowledge that life emerged from non-life, but we cannot understand this in terms of our knowledge of non-life |
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Term
| If a species is adapted to its environment... |
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Definition
| The environment is suitable to support the species so long as it is adapted to it |
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Term
| If ecology assumes that the study of the biosphere can be reduced to the study of machine interactions, then... |
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Definition
| This mechanistic ecology implies that evolution cannot have occurred |
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Term
| If a species is adapted to an unchanging environment, natural selection... |
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Definition
| Maintains order by "rejecting" those offspring that depart from the species pattern of living |
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Term
| If a species is destabilized by changes in its environment, natural selection... |
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Definition
| Creates a new order by selecting those offspring with a new trait that gives the species a greater chance of surviving in the changed environment |
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Term
| The process of birth metaphorically represents... |
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Definition
| The death of an old order |
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Term
| Like Nietzsche, many postmodern thinkers believe that all rational models merely superimpose meaning onto REALITY that in ITSELF has no ultimate, transcendental meaning. This is... |
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Definition
| Inauthentic nihilism and Destructive nihilism |
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Term
| The Zen disposition described in chapter 14 is that all human creations are impermanent illusions that nevertheless have meaning as a result of arising from, that is, evolving from eternal REALITY |
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Definition
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Term
| The emergence of a new semi-stable ecology, which is the second characteristic of creativity... |
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Definition
| Cannot be rationally understood, described, or predicted and The newly emerged ecology will not survive unless it further differentiates |
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Term
| Cooperative individuality produces a new Order |
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Definition
| That is a hierarchal incorporation of aspects of the old Order that were in conflict with one another and has emergent properties that were not present in the old Order |
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Term
| The major factor that determines success of most individuals in a laissez-faire capitalism, democratic system is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Success in laissez faire capitalism... |
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Definition
| Always occurs when there is natural selection in the context of competition and sometimes occurs when there is natural selection but not competition |
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Term
| T/F According to this course, "intelligent design" is a legitimate, alternative, scientific theory for the current ecology of diverse species in the biosphere. |
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Definition
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Term
| The current biological theory of evolution... |
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Definition
| Neither implies nor denies the existence of a creator God |
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Term
| When one's approach to understanding humans is totally in terms of the modern theory of evolution, then for such an individual... |
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Definition
| There is no need for commitment to purpose, meaning or connection to any idea of an ultimate SOURCE such as God or Allah |
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Term
| For those committed to laissez-faire capitalism independent of any other vision such as the original spiritual vision of democracy proclaimed in Jefferson't Declaration of Independence... |
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Definition
| There is no need for commitment to purpose, meaning or connection to an ultimate SOURCE for any human individual or for any human society and there is no need for giving priority to manifesting beauty, love or compassion and care for others |
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Term
| The irony of the current American democracy defined totally in terms of the Constitution plus laissez-faire capitalism is... |
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Definition
| It now thrives and dominates globalization as a result of its original spiritual vision about equality of all humans, but it now rejects that spiritual vision that has been replaced by radical, utilitarian individualism |
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Term
| A practicing scientists.. |
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Definition
| Has experiential faith expressed as belief in scientific pragmatism of a particular scientific paradigm |
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Term
| T/F Just as biological evolution has no intrinsic meaning or known goal, modern science has no intrinsic meaning; nor does it evolve toward an ever greater approximately true knowledge of nature |
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Definition
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