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Exam 4- Psychology: Childhood Dev
Childhood Dev: Psychology
52
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
11/22/2010

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Social Systems Perspective
Definition
Viewing the family as a complex set of interacting relationships, influenced by the larger social context
Term
Bidirectional Influences
Definition
Family members mutually influence each other
Term
Third-Party Impact
Definition
The third party affects the relationship of two other people (baby affecting mom and dad's relationship)
Term
Three dimensions of Parenting
Definition
Autonomy, control and love/acceptance
Term
Authoritative style
Definition

Best parenting style

Just enough control, autonomy granting, and love/accpetance

Term
Authoritarian
Definition
Control freaks
Term
Permissive
Definition
Slackers, friends.. not parents
Term
Uninvolved
Definition
Not involved in life of child at all
Term
Co-Regulation
Definition
parents and children begin to share control (saturday/sunday clothes)
Term
Autonomy granting
Definition
Giving the child more opportunity to rely on themselves
Term
SocioEconomic Status
Definition

A measure of a family's social position and economic well-being

*years of education

*the prestige and skill required by one's job

*income

Term
Physical abuse
Definition

*750<3 years old

*1000 kids a year die due to maltreatment

*Children who are abused may become "hyper-aroused"

Term
Sexual Abuse
Definition
Children who are sexually abused may blame themselves and have long lasting problems
Term
Neglect
Definition
Needs aren't being met by parents
Term
Emotional Abuse
Definition
Type of abuse that has the most effects on children; threats and scapegoats the child
Term
Nonsocial activity
Definition
unoccupied, onlooker behavior, and solitary play
Term
Parallel Play
Definition
A child plays near other children with similar materials but does not try to influence their behavior
Term
Associative Play
Definition
Children engage in separate activities but exchange toys and comment on each other's behavior
Term
Cooperative Play
Definition
A more advanced type of interaction; Children orient toward a common goal such as acting out in make believe play
Term
Sociodramatic Play
Definition
The make believe play with other children that begins around age 2 and increases rapidly in the next couple of years
Term
Rough-and-Tumble Play
Definition
Friendly chasing and play fighting
Term
Damon's 3 Level's of Friendship
Definition

1. Handy Playmate- ages 4-7

2. Mutual Trust and Assistance- ages 8-10

3. Intimacy and Loyalty- ages 11+

Term
Peer Acceptance
Definition
Likability; the extent to which a child is viewed by a group of age mates such as classmates
Term
Object Centered Play
Definition
0-18 months
Term
Popular-Prosocial children
Definition
Positive, friendly, kind, try to solve conflict
Term
Popular-antisocial children
Definition
Well liked, naughty, often athletic males, defiant of authority
Term
Rejected-aggressive children
Definition
Bullies, hostile, not good at regulating emotion, can't take other's perspective
Term
Rejected-withdrawn
Definition
Bully's victims, socially awkward, overboard trying to get attention
Term
Controversial children
Definition
Blend of positive and negative behaviors, have friends but also enemies
Term
Neglected children
Definition
out of the spotlight, not many checkmarks or minuses; invisible
Term
Peer victimization
Definition
Certain children become frequent targets of verbal/physical attacks
Term
Peer Group
Definition
They generate unique values and standards for behavior; there are leaders and followers
Term
Cliques
Definition
Groups of about 5-7 who are friends and therefore tend to resemble one another in family background, attitudes, values, and interests
Term
Crowds
Definition
Often several cliques with similar values 
Term

"animal state"

 

Definition

*Follow and imitate other people

*Not governed by reason; but emotional latching onto someone else's ideas

Term
"Rational state"
Definition

*Think about their faith; progression centered on thought processes

 

Term
"Spiritual" State
Definition
Controlled by the spirit
Term
Fowler's Stages of Faith Development
Definition

0. Pre-stage

1. Intuitive-Projective 

2. Mythic Literal

3. Synthetic Conventional 

4. Individuative-Reflective

5. Conjuctive

6. Universalizing

Term

0. Pre-stage/ Primal Stage

 

Definition

0-1 year

*Development of trust

*Faith in something we can't see or control

Term
1. Intuitive-Projective 
Definition

*2-7 years-preoperational thought

*Influenced by images and stories

*Conjure up images of God/Devil

 

Term
2. Mythic-Literal Stage
Definition

*7 years- concrete operational

*Mythic means there is meaning to faith

*If people obey they get good things

*If people disobey bad things happen

*Make bargains with God

Term
3.  Synthetic-Conventional
Definition

*11 years +

*Most people of faith are in this category

*Faith becomes part of me

*We're strongly convinced that our group is the complete truth

Term
4. Individuative-Reflective
Definition

*Jump out of the fish bowl and stay out

*Go from conformity to individuality

*Go from unexamined to critical faith

*Go from extrinsic to intrinsic motivation

Term
5. Conjunctive 
Definition

*30's

*Humility

*Awareness that God is bigger than I am

*Some things are too complex for us to understand

Term
6. Universalizing
Definition

*Faith is completely about God

*Take themselves completely out of the picture

*ex. Mother Theresa, Jesus

Term
Perceptual Defenses
Definition

*Refusing to see the dissonance 

*Sometimes info is soo different that we don't even notice it. It's as if we never heard or saw the information at all

Term
Ego Defenses
Definition

*Repressing the dissonance

*Sometimes we hear new information, but we don't like it so we push it back down so we don't have to think about 

Term
Discounting the Source
Definition

*Rendering the dissonance invalid

*If we don't like what we've heard we sometimes decide that the person who said it didn't know what they were talking about

Term
Self-Castigation
Definition

*Blaming dissonance on our own inadequacies or failures

*Sometimes we hear things that don't fit with our current faith scheme and we decide that the reason it doesn't fit is because we aren't smart enough to understand it

Term
Challenging One's Value System
Definition

*Questioning ones current faith scheme

*Sometimes we hear something that makes us squirm, but when we squirm we begin to reevaluate our scheme

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