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Definition
congenital color vision disorder, the inability to perceive color AND to achieve satisfactory visual acuity at high light levels (typically exterior daylight). The syndrome is also present in an incomplete form which is more properly defined as dyschromatopsia
One common trait is hemeralopia or blindness in full sun. |
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Term
| Age Related Macular Degeneration |
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Definition
| (ARMD) is a degenerative condition of the macula (the central retina). It is the most common cause of vision loss in the United States in those 50 or older. caused by hardening of the arteries that nourish the retina. complete loss of central vision, to slight distortion. does not cause total blindness since it does not affect the peripheral vision.10% of patients who suffer from macular degeneration have wet AMD. This type occurs when new vessels form to improve the blood supply to oxygen-deprived retinal tissue. However, the new vessels are very delicate and break easily, causing bleeding and damage to surrounding tissue.dry type is much more common and is characterized by drusen and loss of pigment in the retina. Drusen are small, yellowish deposits that form within the layers of the retina.no proven medical therapy for dry macular degeneration. In selected cases of wet macular degeneration, laser photocoagulation is effective |
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Term
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Definition
defect of melanin production - Absence of coloring from the hair, skin, or iris of the eye - * Crossed eyes (strabismus)
* Light sensitivity (photophobia)
* Rapid eye movements (nystagmus)
* Vision problems, even functional blindness. goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms - wear sunglasses, sunscreen...most severe form of albinism is called oculocutaneous albinism. People with this type of albinism have white or pink hair, skin, and iris color, as well as vision problems.ocular albinism type 1 (OA1), affects only the eyes. The person's skin and eye colors are usually in the normal range. However, an eye exam will show that there is no coloring in the back of the eye (retina) |
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Term
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Definition
loss of one eye's ability to see details. It is the most common cause of vision problems in children. Symptoms: * Eyes that turn in or out
* Eyes that do not appear to work together
* Inability to judge depth correctly
treatment involves patching the normal eye to force use of the lazy eye. underlying condition will also require treatment, occurs when the brain and eyes do not work together properly. Between ages 5 and 10, the brain stops growing and the condition becomes permanent.Other causes include:
* Astigmatism in both eyes
* Childhood cataracts
* Farsightedness
* Nearsightedness
complications: * Eye muscle problems that may require several surgeries, which can have complications
* Permanent vision loss in the affected eye |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal smallness of one or both eyes; congenital, and almost always hereditary (usually recessive, but may also be dominant). Other ocular abnormalities also occur, including cataract, glaucoma, aniridia, and coloboma. Systemic and anatomic abnormalities also often occur; these include: polydactyly, syndactyly, clubfoot, polycystic kidneys, cystic liver, cleft palate, and meningoencephalocele. Deficient vision is the rule. Treatment: Lens correction for refractive errors, often tinted; lighting according to needs, to control glare. |
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Term
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Definition
| cats eye reflex - can be indicative of retinoblastoma. Usually only seen in ow artificial light conditions or in flash photography. Requires an immediate referral to an opthalmologist. Begin checking at birth and at every well child visit. Also check home photos for the reflex. When caught early it is curable. |
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Term
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Definition
Fast growing eye cancer of early childhood - typically before 5 years of age - usually unilateral but in 1/3 bilateral. Two forms sporadic and genetic. Symptoms: a squint (crossed eyes) or leukocoria - the cats eye reflex. Also less commonly: deteriorating vision, red and inflamed eye, dilated pupil, different coloured irises and dev. delay or failure to thrive.
Treatments:Exam Under Anaesthetic (EUA); Enucleation; Cryo- and laser therapy; Chemotherapy; Radioactive Plaque (bachytherapy);
Radiotherapy; Proton Beam Facilities. |
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