Term
|
Definition
| A group, usually relatively small, in which there are close face-to-face relationships. The family and a friendship group are primary groups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group, often large, characterized by distant, practical relationships. An interpersonal society is a characterized by secondary groups or relations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any sexually expressive or parent-child or other kin relationship in which people live together with a commitment in an intimate interpersonal relationship. Family members see their idenity as importantly of its own. Families today take several forms: single-parent, remarried, dual-career, communal, homosexual, traditional, and so forth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A family group comprising only the wife, husband, and their children. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The creating,storing, perserving, and passing on of particular objects,events, or rituals that family members consider relevant to their personal identities and to maintaining the family as a unique existential reality or group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Placing family well-being over individual interests or preferences. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A way of viewing reality, or a lens through which analysis organize and interpret what they observe. Researchers on the family identify those aspects of families that are of interest to them, based on their own theoretical perspective. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This prespective explores how a family influenced by the enviroments that surround it. A family is independent first with its neighborhood, then with its social-cultural enviroment, and ultimately with the physical-biological enviroment. All parts of the model are interrelated and influence one another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Perspective that gives attention to changes in the family over time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Perspective that looks to the functions that institutions perform for society and the structural form of the institutional. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Perspective that focuses on internal family dynamics; the ongoing action and response of family members to one another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Perspective that sees relationships as determined by the exchange of resources and the reward-cost balance of that exchange. This theory predicts that people tend to marry others whose social-class, education, physical attractiveness, and even self-esteem are similar to their own. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| These theories are conflict theories. The primary focus is that male-dominance in families and society is oppressive to women. The mission of this perspective is to end this oppression of women (or related pattern of subordination based on social class, race/ethnicity, age, or sexual orientation) by developing knowledge that confronts this disparity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The different chromosomal, hormonal, and anatomical components of males and females at birth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a. attitudes and behavior associated with and expected of the 2 sexes. b. The term sex denotes biology. Gender roles are masculine and feminine prescriptions for behavior. The masculine gender role demands instrumental character traits and behavior, whereas the feminine gender role demands expressive character traits and behaviors. Tradiional gender roles are giving way to androgny, but they're by no means gone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The social and pyschological condition in which individuals can think, feel, and behave in ways that express both instrumental and expressive character traits. Androgny is the combination of both masculine and feminine qualities in one individual. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interaction rituals that are based on and reaffirm boundaries and differences between girls and boys. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. traditional-beliefs that men and women are essentially different and should occupy different social roles, that women are not as fit as men to perform certain tasks, and that differential treatment of men and women is acceptable. Modern sexism that takes a different of (a) denying the existence of discrimination against women, (b) resentment of complaints about discrimination, and (c) resentment of "special favors" for women. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process by which society influences members to internalize attitudes, beliefs, values, and expectations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A distinctive character or personailty that loving or love like relationships can take. One social scientist has distinguished 6 styles |
|
|
Term
| What are the six love styles |
|
Definition
| 1.Agape 2. Eros 3. Ludus 4. Mania 5. Pragma 6. Storge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Doing all one can for others while ignoring one's own legitimate needs. Martyrs often punish the person whom they are martyring by letting her or him know "just how much I put up with." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Seeking to control the feelings, attitudes, and behavior of one's partner or partners in underhanded ways rather than by assertively stating one's case. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Concern chiefly or only with oneself, without regard for the well-being of others. Narcissim is selfishness, not self-love. People with high self-esteem care about and respect themselves and others. Narcissistic , or selfish, people, on the other hand, have low self-esteem, are insecure, and therefore worry unduly about their own well-being and very little about that of others. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A pyschological theory that holds that during infancy and childhood, a young person develops a general style of attaching to others; once an individual's attachment style is established, she or he unconsciously applies that style to later, adult relationships. The 3 basics styles are secure, insecure/anxious, and avoidant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The attraction an individual has for a sexual partner of the same or opposite sex. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| People who are sexually attracted to individuals of the same sex. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Individuals who prefer sexual partners of the opposite sex. |
|
|
Term
| Troiden's Model Of Constructing A Gay Identity Amid Homophobia |
|
Definition
| Richard Troiden postulated a four-stage age-graded model of homosexuality identity development: (1) sensitization, the early feelings of being different; (2) identity confusion, teenage recognition; (3) identity assumption, the early process of acceptance that takes place in late adolescence; and (4) commitment, which is the acceptance of being gay and coming out to others. In Troiden's model, it is in this last stage that true intimacy can begin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The standard that maintains that, regardless of the circumstances, nonmarital intercourse is wrong for both women and men. Many religions espouse abstinence as a moral imperative. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The standard according to which premarital sex is more acceptable for males than for females. Reiss subdivided the double standard into orthodox and transitional. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Techniques and devices that prevent contraception. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Use of protective methods (such as latex or plastic condoms) or strategies (careful selection of partners) in sexual activity. Use the term safer sex rather than safe points to the risk of sexually transmitted disease that remains even when these methods and strategies are used. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Living together in an intimate, sexual relationship without traditional, legal marriage. Sometimes referred to as living together or marriage without marriage. Cohabitation can be a courtship process or alternative to legal marriage, depending on how partners view it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A legal concept whereby cohabitation partners are considered legally married if certain requirements are met, such as showing intent to enter into a marriage and living together as husband and wife for a certain period of time. Most states have dropped common law, but cohabitating relationships may sometimes have a similar effect on property ownership and custody rights. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heterosexual, conjugal unions that have not gone through a legal marriage ceremony. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The number of men per 100 women in society. If the sex ratio is above 100, there are more women than men. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Unions in which parents choose their children's marriage partners. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Money or property that the future groom pays the future bride's family so that he can marry her. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sum of money or property brought to the marriage by the female. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Marrying within one's own social group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Marrying a partner from outside one's own social group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Marriage between partners of similar race, age, education, religious background, and social class. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| propinquity (from Latin propinquitas, nearness) is one of the main factors leading to interpersonal attraction. It refers to the physical or psychological proximity between people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term used to define blood-related kin (parents and grandparents), as opposed to conjugal relatives//kin (spouses and in-laws), who are related through marriage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A marriage system which a person takes more than one spouse. Polygyny describes one man with multiple wives, while a marriage of a woman with plural husbands is termed ployandry. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The sexually exclusive union of a couple. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Federal statute declaring marriage to be a "legal union of one man and one woman," denying gay couples many of the civil advantages of marriage, and also relieving states of the obligation to grant reciprocity, or "full faith and credit." to marriages performed in anther state. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of legal marriage in which the bride and groom agree to be bound by a marriage contract that will not let them get divorced as easily as is allowed by no-fault divorce laws. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The expulsion of the fetus or embryo from the uterus, either naturally or medically. The discussion of abortion as a social issue in Chapter 10 is with reference to induced abortion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An adoption in which there is a direct contact between biological and adoptive parents, ranging from one meeting before the child is born to lifelong relationship.(Open) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A cultural attitude that takes having children for granted. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A landmark United States Supreme Court decision establishing that most laws against abortion violate a constitutional right to privacy, thus overturning all state laws outlawing or restricting abortion. It is one of the most controversial cases in U.S. Supreme Court history. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Using a Private Agency
To obtain the names of local private agendes, look under "Social Services" or "Adoption Agencies" in the Yellow Pages. Also, ask adoptive parents and your public agency for their recommendations. The National Adoption Information Clearinghouse (NAIC) can identify agencies in your area, or you can purchase the National Adoption Directory (NAD) from NAIC. You might want to check with your State adoption specialist or local adoptive parent support groups (all listed in NAD) for their recommendations of reputable agencies. Private agencies handle both domestic and intercountry adoptions. You will need to decide which kind of child you want to join your family.
Fees charged by private adoption agencies range from $8,000 to more than $20,000 for both domestic and intercountry adoptions. Make sure you ask any agency you might work with what its fees are and what the schedule is for paying them. Most will allow you to pay fees in installments due at particular points during the adoption process. If the fee policy is clear from the beginning, misunderstandings about payment will be less likely.
Using a Public Agency
You can find an appropriate agency listed in your telephone book in the government section under a name such as "Department of Social Services" or "Department of Public Welfare." Complete agency listings by State are also available in the NAIC National Adoption Directory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An emotional disorder in which a person defensively shuts off the willingness or ability to make future attachments to anyone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mother and father (or two homosexual) who both take full responsibilty as parents. |
|
|
Term
| What are three discipline styles? |
|
Definition
(1) Authoritarian-all descision making is in parents' hands, and the emphasis is on compliance with rules and directives. Parents are more punitive than supportive, and use of physical punishment is likely.
(2)Arthoritative-Parents accept child's personality and talents and are emotionally supportive. At the same time, they consciously set and enforce rules and limits, whose rationale is usually explained for the child's behavior. Parents are in charge, but the child is given responsiblity and must take the initiative in completing schoolwork and other tasks and in solving child-level problems.
(3) Laissez-faire-Overly permissive parenting. Children set their own standards for behavior, with no or little parental guidance or authority. Parents are indulgent, but not necessarily involved in a supportive way with the child's everyday activities and problems. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Middle-aged (or older) individulas, usually women, who are sandwiched between the simultaneous responsiblities of caring for their dependent children, (sometimes young adults) and aging parents. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonadversarial means of dispute resolution by which the couple, with the assistance of a mediator or mediators (frequently a lawyer-therapist team), negotiate of their settlement of custody, support, property, and visitation issues. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Economic support of a separated spouse or ex-spouse by the other spouse ordered by a court following separation or divorce. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A situation in which both divorced parents continue to take equal responsiblity for important decisions regarding their child's general upbringing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Marriage in which at least one partner has already been divorced or widowed. Remarriages are becoming increasingly common for Americans. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Purpose. To advise State employment security agencies (SESAs) of amendments to the Social Security Act (SSA) affecting the Federal-State Unemployment Compensation (UC) Program. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The legal situation in which a partner seeking a divorce no longer has to prove grounds. Virtually all states now have a no-fault divorce. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Kidnapping one's own children from the other parent after divorce. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A situation in which contact between a child and a visiting noncustodial parent occurs only in the presence of a third party, such as a social worker or a court employee. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anthropologist Paul Bohannan's term for the person one's former spouse remarries. The term is also used more broadly to refer to former in-laws and other former and added kin resulting from divorce and remarriage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Shared decision making and parental supervision in such areas as discipline and schoolwork or shared holidays and recreation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Associated with stepfathers who, with remarriage, join a single-parent of a mother and her children. The former single-parent family may have a hidden agenda, or assumptions and expectations about how the stepfather will behave-expectations and assumptions that are often not passed on to the new stepfather. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS) is a collection of psychological symptoms, often considered a subcategory of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, and can be measured by a trained mental health professional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Overt acts of agression against a child, such as excessive verbal derogation, beating, or inflicting physical injury. Sexual abuse is a form of physical abuse. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Failure to provide adequate physical or emotional care for a child. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the six power bases, or sources of power. This power is based on the dominant persona's ability and willingness to punish the partner either with psychological-emotional or physical abuse, or with more subtle methods of witholding affection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A husband's compelling a wife against her will to submit to sexual contact that she finds offensive. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A man's systemic use of verbal or physical violence to gain or maintain control over his female partner. |
|
|
Term
| Principle Of Least Interest |
|
Definition
| The postulate that the partner with the least interest in the relationship is the one who is more apt to exploit the other. |
|
|
Term
| Three Phase Cycle Of Domestic Violence |
|
Definition
| A relationship-violence in which (1)tension builds between 2 parties; (2) the situation escalates, exploding in a violent episode; and (3) the violent person becomes contrite, apologizing and treating the other lovingly. Predictably, the cycle continually repeats itself. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sexual relations between closely related individuals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An old (some say outdated) sociological term referring to the post-parental stage of family life. With the contracting economy, the trend to stay single longer, and the high divorce-rate, more and more parents are complaining that their nests won't seem empty. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Expected or predictable changes in the course, of family life that often precipitate family stress and can result in family crisis. |
|
|
Term
| Stressor/Stressor Overload(ABC-X Model) |
|
Definition
| (1)A precipitating event that causes a crisis-it is often a situation for which the family has had little or no preparation. (2) A situation in which an unrelenting series of small crises adds up to a major crisis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A period of mourning after the death of a loved one. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a passionate physical and emotional love based on aesthetic enjoyment; stereotype of romantic love |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a love that is played as a game or sport; conquest. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an affectionate love that slowly develops from friendship, based on similarity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| love that is driven by the head, not the heart; undemonstrative. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| highly volatile love; obsession; fueled by low self-esteem. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| selfless altruistic love; spiritual; motherly love. |
|
|
