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800BC - 475AD
Dominated by the greeks and romans
We don't know what this music sounded like
Doctorine of Ethos
Important Figure: Pythagorus |
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475-1450
Dominated by the church
Gregorian Chant developed
Motet Developed
Important figures: Hildegard, Leonin, Perotin |
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1450=1600
Humanism
Motet became simpler-easier to understand
Madrigal developed
Important Figures: Palestrina, Leonardo Da Vinci, Weelkes |
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1600-1750
Music grows to grandiose dimensions
Patronage system developed
Major/minor keys developed
Composers wrote huge amounts of music (figured bass)
Important Figures: Back, Handel, Monteverdi |
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1750-1820
Centered around Vienna
Music has a "cool" detached quality (intellect over emotion)
The symphony is developed
Development becomes an important feature in music (sonata form)
Important Figures: Mozart Haydn, Beethoven |
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1820-1900
Music tends toward the extreme(often big dramatic and emotional)
Duel Personality: fascination with the grotesque but also with beauty
Program Music
Solo Piano tradition
Important figures: Wagner, Brahms, Mahler |
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1900-2000
Tonal system breaks down
Serialism (tone row music)
Aleatory Music
Minimalism
Important Figures: Schoenberg, Stravinsky, Copland |
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| worth 4 beats in common time |
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| worth 2 beats in common time |
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| worth 1 beat in common time |
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| worth half one beat in common time |
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| worth a quarter of one beat in common time |
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| a series of pitches that proceeds upwards or downwards according to a prescribed pattern |
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| The simultaneous sounding of three or more pitches |
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| Two numbers (one above the other) at the beginning of a section of music that indicate the metrical pattern and how it is notated |
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| Used for higher pitched instruments |
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| a group of beats marked as a separate unit in music notation (space between two vertical lines in the staff) |
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| the flow of music in terms of time |
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| the high and low of the sounds |
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| The idea that music can influence a person's character |
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| symbloic re-enactment of the last summer |
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| multiple lines of music sounding at once |
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| section of gregorian chant used in a motet |
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| a style of singing that covers its text expressively, usually in a economical and direct way |
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| a drama set to music in which the lines of text are sung with orchestral accompaniment |
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| an unaccompanied solo song, usually of some length and complexity, in an opera, oratorio, or cantata |
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| abrupt changes in levels of loudness |
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| a sizable work for chorus, soloists and orchestra, usually on a religious topic, that is performed without acting |
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| a brief vocal composition in several movements for solo voices, chorus and orchestra, usually based on a religious text |
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| a section of an opera, oratorio or cantata sung by a large group |
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| system in which a composer is financially supported primarily by a single employer |
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| shorthand system of numbers and accidentals used for indicating chords |
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| a stately hymn tune used in the German Lutheran Church |
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| a large multi-movement work for orchestra |
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| the first major section in a sonata form |
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| The second major section in sonata form |
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| the third and final major section in a sonata form |
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| the form of the first movement of a symphony |
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| a work for a soloist and orchestra |
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| a work for soloist and piano |
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| a work, for solo instrument, piano and cello |
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| a large independent section of an instrumental composition |
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| music created for a program, telling a story |
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| free form, like improvations, convey a mood |
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| showy, tone of notes, really fast, no emotion, repeated themes |
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| music for piano and solo vocalist, musical setting or a poem |
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| a composition based on a row of pitches that contains each of the 12 tones |
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| application of the principles of tone row music to elements such as dynamics and articulation |
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| music in which some or all events are the product of change |
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| practice of combining what the composer believes to be the best features of several different styles |
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| music that incorporates elements of romantic music but with modern elements mixed in |
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| music that seeks to contain rhythmic power, inspired by the music of non-western, non-literate cultures |
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| works that attempt to emulate the techniques and flavor of those composed during the classical period |
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| music in which the composer has "total control" because sounds are created through electronics |
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| music that celebrated American pride during the middle of the 20th century |
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| music in which a small amount of material is repeated with gradual changes over the course of composition |
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| mixbetween classical music and jazz music |
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| expressed the emotions of African Americas at the turn of the century. Often structured in a 3 line form |
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| first real jazz style, originated in New Orleans |
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| pre Jazz style for the piano developed in the South as early as 1880 |
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| pre Jazz style for the piano developed in the South as early as 1880 |
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| combination of Jazz and Rock |
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| jazz influenced by the syncopated rhythms of the Caribbean South American cultures |
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| prominent in the 1930's and 40's, most was written not improvised, popular with mainstream audiences |
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| calm style developed in the 1950's, direct reaction to BeBop |
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| fast, virtuosic jazz style developed in the 40's |
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| jazz with almost no predetermined parameters |
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1950's
Chuck Berry, Elvis, Little Richard |
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early 1960's
southern California
Beach Boys |
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late 1960's
Beatles, Ed Sullivan Show |
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late 1960's-70's
Clapton, Led Zeppelin
Long expansive solos, blues flavor |
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Late 60's and 70's
added electronics to an acoustic style
Dylan, Simon and Garfunkel |
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Late 60's to 70's
often LSD inspired, distortion and other effects
Hendrix, Grateful Dead, |
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late 1960's
extra volume and intensity
Kiss, Steppenwolf |
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1970's
art rock
Pink Floy, Zappa |
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70's to 80's
NY and London, anti-establishment
Ramones, the clash |
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Late 70's
working class oriented
Springsteen, Petty |
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anonymous
Medieval Period
600 |
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| Alleluia, Diffusa est gratia |
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Definition
Perotin
Medieval period
1190 |
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Palestrina
Renaissance
1577 |
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| As Vesta Was from Latmos Hill Descending |
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| Toccata and Fugue in D Minor |
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| Symphony #5 in C Minor, I |
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| Immolation Scene from Gotterdammerung |
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| Fanfare for the Common Man |
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Copland
American Nationalism |
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| Short Ride in a Fast Machine |
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Jimi Hendrix
Psychedelic Rock |
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