·       Football great, action star, Badass Black Man

·       First star to move out of sports

The Great White Hope

1970

·  James Earl Jones and Jane Alexander; 1^st inter-racial couple in bed

·  Both received Oscar nominations

·  Jane Alexander becomes Director of National Endowment for Arts under Clinton administration

·       Early 70s films for blacks: dealing with stereotypes that turned positive

·       Early 80s; black is out - riots in ghetto

·       Alice Walker’s bestselling book – actors included Whoopie Goldberg, Oprah Winfrey, Danny Glover

·       Critical of blacks AND whites; black man abuses black girl

o   Multiple Oscar nominations, no awards

o   Anti-White Spielberg bias

o   “She’s Gotta Have It” (black and white) appeals to middle class blacks and creates powerful black women (stereotype); costs 175,000 and grosses 7million

o   “School Daze” black prejudice w skin shade

o   “Malcolm X” biopic

· Deloris del Rio, Mexican

o  French, Polynesian, Eskimo

o   Hollywood Europeanized her: acted opposite male stars including Douglas Fairbanks

· Valentino – Italian “Latin Lover” – a stereotype that continues

·  Ramon Novaro – 1^st Mexican action hero

o   “Ben Hur” most expensive silent film

Latin “Grave Yard Shift”

o  Big enough demand that Hollywood decided to make films in BOTH LANGUAGES

o   Hollywood makes Spanish versions at night: Spanish “Dracula” far better à competition between day and night team

Wore a 2piece bathing suit; Hayes Censorship (1934) 

Latin good guy

o   “Zorro” (silent) and “The Cisco Kid”

o   survived talkies, Hollywood socialte/celebrity

Hayworth: top WW2 pin-up; dyed hair blonde

Montalban: musicals; sophisticated Latin Lover!

·       Puerto Rican, though no one thought of him as Latin

·       1^st Latin to win BEST ACTOR for 1950 “Cyrano de Bergerac”

·       Black list forced people to work outside of Hollywood system

·       Mexican

·       Began as star in Europe b/c Americans didn’t want him; had 2 Oscars and 5 nominations

·       VIVA ZAPATA: as Mexican w Marlon Brando directed by Elia Kazan; won best supporting actor

·       LUST FOR LIFE: as Frenchman, won best supporting

·       LAWRANCE OF ARABIA: as Arab; Oscar nom

·       ZORBA THE GREEK: as Greek; Oscar nom

·       LA STRADA: played Greek, written by Fellini; nomination

·       Puerto Ricans finally recognized

·       Swept Tony awards on Broadway, Oscars in LA (had to sing, dance, act)

·       Best picture

·       Best supporting actress Rita Moreno (didn’t work for 7 years after)

·       Best supporting actor George Chakras

o   Rest of career making westerns in Italy 

·       Lalo Schifrier: Argentinean composer ( COOL HAND LUKE, MISSION IMPOSSIBLE, BULLIT)

·       Pablo Ferro: Mexican film posters/ads (BULLIT, DR STRANGELOVE)

·       Emmanuel Lubezki: Cinematography (SLEEPY HOLLOW)

·       Nestro Mendez: Cuban born cinematographer (DAYS OF HEAVEN got Nomination)

·       John Alonzo: cinematographer (CHINATOWN and SCARFACE)

Edward James Olmos

·       STAND AND DELIVER

·       1^st to direct gang films from Mexican POV

·       Best actor nomination as school teacher

·       MIAMI VICE: co-star white/Latin cops

·       EL NORTE: immigrant story

o   Best screenplay nomination

Hal Roach's creation about 5 children (Alfalfa, etc); FARINA was played by a black child actress

NO RACISM; she was just as accepted as everyone else

First all black cast; stereotypes, made no money

First all black MGM musical; again had stereotypes, made no money

First black star: 1930s

Negative, dim-witted, lazy character (no help to blacks)

 --> later accused of wife abuse

   --> career done by end of 30s

Second black star, positive role model (played BUTLER who was a large man and a dancer)

Shirley Temple dance numbers

Thousands mourned death

opening black dance scenes; cut from 1937 film; found 60 years later

Third black star: athlete with GREAT baritone

Son of a slave, Phi Beta Kappa at Rutgers

Fled USA for Russia; politics ruined career --> returns to obscurity and dies in 1976

BEST ROLES: "The Emperor Jones," (Eugene O'Neil, great playwright, penned about Haitian ruler bewitched)

"Showboat" 1936 sings Old Man River song

Gone with the Wind: maid won best supporting actress, first academy award for black performer ever

Change American perception of blacks

goes to Hollywood to seek roles for blacks --> Jewish producers Mayer and Zanuck support him

First musical with glamorous all-black cast

LENA HORNE stars: first glamorous black sex symbol, first 7 year MGM contract for black

great black dancers NOT cut out of Southern films

first black husband and wife team

85 y/o Ruby nominated best supporting acress

"No Way Out" played doctor

"Blackboard Jungle" ghetto teacher

"The Defiant Ones" black/white buddy film

"Progy and Bess" heroic cripple

"A Raisin in the Sun" normal black American family

"Lilies of the Field" first black to win BEST ACTOR