Term
| What do conflict theorists believe is the purpose of the hidden curriculum? |
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Definition
| It promotes social inequalities. |
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Term
| Of the following, what would cults and sects be more likely to stress? |
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Definition
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Term
| You are taking an IQ test which will be used to determine your intelligence level. The first question asks you to identify all of the equipment you will need to play the game of shoeball. The second question asks the rules of the game. Finally, the third question asks you to explain how shoeball is scored and the number of points you need to win the game. Based on this question, what does the test demonstrate? |
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Definition
| It has a cultural bias in measuring intelligence. |
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Term
| At Harvard University, 90 percent of the students graduate with honors. In order to counter this honors inflation, the faculty has recommended limiting the percentage of students graduating with honors in any one class. This is an example of __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| In order to recruit a sufficient number of teachers in California, the competency level of teachers to be hired was lowered to a tenth grade level. Other states have made similar adjustments. How did the author of the text describe this change? |
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Definition
| He called it "a national disgrace." |
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Term
| From a symbolic interactionist perspective, what does wearing a cross signify for Christians? |
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Definition
| It is a condensed way for the wearer to say, "I am a follower of Jesus Christ." |
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Term
| Determining which people will enter what occupation is a function of education referred to as ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The MOST significant predictor of whether a student will attend college is his or her ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to a study of 15,000 students in public and Catholic schools, the superior test performance of students in Catholic schools in comparison to public schools was due to ________. |
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Definition
| higher standards and greater parent involvement |
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Term
| Edinboro University of Pennsylvania is one of the largest "wheelchair" universities in the United States, providing access of all programs to all students and establishing special wheelchair programs in sports competition. This is an example of ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| When employers use diplomas and degrees to determine who is eligible for jobs, even through the diploma or degree may be irrelevant to the actual work, it becomes a ________ society. |
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Definition
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Term
| Next week, Abraham and Hazel will attend the bar mitzvah of their nephew. Their nephew's bar mitzvah is an example of a religious ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Based on the research of sociologist George Farkas, which two groups of students were MOST successful in signaling their teachers they were good students? |
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Definition
| girls and Asian Americans |
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Term
| What was the influential book on religion published in 1912 by Emile Durkheim? |
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Definition
| The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life |
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Term
| Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate based on the results sociologists discovered while researching school violence? |
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Definition
| There is a trend toward greater school violence. |
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Term
| How are public schools primarily funded? |
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Definition
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Term
| Schools determining which people will enter what occupation based on their capabilities is referred to as ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Ray Rist's research, how long did it take for teachers to determine a child's potential success in school? |
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Definition
| by the end of the first two weeks of kindergarten |
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Term
| Higher grades given for the same work or a general rise in student grades without a corresponding increase in learning is known as __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| A state religion is referred to as a(n) ________ when the government and religion work together to try to shape society. |
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Definition
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Term
| What social worker suggested the dice question for IQ tests? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process by which schools pass a society's core values from one generation to the next? |
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Definition
| cultural transmission of values |
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Term
| What do less rigorous teaching, dummied down textbooks, and less reading have in common with watching television, and playing video and computer games? |
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Definition
| All are related to low verbal scores on the SAT tests. |
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Term
| Renee has difficulty reading and writing. However, despite her problems with reading and writing, she has been passed into the next grade every year. This is an example of ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Durkheim call the common elements of everyday life? |
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Definition
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Term
| The three functionalists who advocated gatekeeping as a means to support people on the basis of merit and advocated social placement were ________, ________, and ________. |
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Definition
| Talcott Parsons; Kingsley Davis; Wilbert Moore |
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Term
| Why can't sociologists empirically study religion? |
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Definition
| Religion is a matter of faith that is beyond objective evaluation. |
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Term
| Based on the research of sociologists James Coleman and Thomas Hoffer, what is the reason Catholic school students score higher on tests than public school students? |
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Definition
| Catholic schools have higher standards and greater parental involvement. |
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Term
| IQ tests measure not only intelligence but also ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| A sociologist who studied face-to-face interactions in the classroom between teachers and students would be emphasizing which sociological perspective? |
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Definition
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Term
| One of the functions performed by schools is to promote a sense of national identity and stabilize the political system. This function is referred to as ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the MOST popular way to accomplish gatekeeping? |
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Definition
| tracking or sorting students into different education programs |
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Term
| What was Weber's term to describe the ideal of a self-denying, highly moral life, accompanied by hard work and frugality? |
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Definition
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Term
| In a study of teacher expectations, sociologist George Farkas found that females and Asian Americans averaged higher course grades even though the scores on course work were the same for all students no matter the race/ethnicity or gender. What did Farkas conclude was the reason for this finding? |
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Definition
| They knew how to signal teachers by being more eager and cooperative. |
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Term
| Marx's notion that religion diverts the thoughts of workers to the afterlife rather than toward rebellion against their worldly oppressors is expressed by his statement ________. |
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Definition
| "Religion is ... the opium of the people." |
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Term
| Using exceptionally simple questions on an exam and "dummying down" grading scales so everyone passes are examples of a growing problem in education called ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What event created the belief that formal education was essential to the well-being of society? |
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Definition
| the industrialization of society |
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Term
| Although cooperation is a core value in Japan, Japanese students are admitted to college only on the basis of intense competition. This is an example of a ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the spirit of capitalism refer to, as proposed by Max Weber? |
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Definition
| It is a new approach to work and money that emphasizes investment to make profit. |
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Term
| From a functionalist perspective, what is the teaching of knowledge and skills that reinforces positive consequences in students? |
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Definition
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Term
| When Ray Rist conducted a participant observation study in an African American grade school, what did he conclude was the underlying basis for assigning children to different worktables in kindergarten? |
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Definition
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Term
| Between 1996 and 1997, the scores of everyone who took the SAT in previous years improved. What was the reason for this improvement? |
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Definition
| Tests were rescored after the test was made less difficult. |
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Term
| Who was the sociologist who observed that industrialized nations are becoming credential societies? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a core value reflected by the education system in Japan? |
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Definition
| a group-centered approach that stresses uniformity |
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Term
| What is the concept that some jobs require few skills and can be performed by people of less intelligence? |
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Definition
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Term
| With 54 million members, which denomination has the highest membership in the United States? |
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Definition
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Term
| This theologian proposed that God has predestined some people to go to heaven and others to hell at the time of their birth. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Reverend Hamilton Barnesworth Jones has established a new religious order he calls "The People's Temple of Love and Divinity." More likely than not, what is the future of Reverend Jones's new order? |
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Definition
| It will probably fail and fade into obscurity. |
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Term
| Someone with an outstanding gift or exceptional quality that draws others to them and their message is said to possess ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who developed the concept of self-fulfilling prophecy that explains why originally false assumptions become true because the outcome was predicted? |
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Definition
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Term
| What event was responsible for the change in the Russian education system in 1917? |
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Definition
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Term
| In order to recruit a sufficient number of teachers in California, the competency level of teachers to be hired was lowered to a tenth grade level. Other states have made similar adjustments. How did the author of the text describe this change? |
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Definition
| He called it "a national disgrace." |
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Term
| In the United States today, nearly half of all college freshmen have an overall high school grade point average of 4.0, twice what it was in 1970. What is the reason for this increase in students with high grades? |
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Definition
| Teachers have inflated grades. |
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Term
| Sociologically, how would a cult be defined? |
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Definition
| a new or different religion at odds with the dominant culture and religion |
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