They appear in Circle 2-The Lustful

Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta are punished together in hell for their adultery: Francesca was married to Paolo's brother, Gianciotto ("Crippled John").

Filippo appears in Circle 5: Angry/Sullen

Dante angrily recognizes as Filippo Argenti. He has no pity for Argenti and gladly watches the other sinners tear him apart as the boat pulls away.

A black guelph, Filippo was Dante's political enemy and personal animosity. Filippo once slapped Dante in the face.

Medusa appears in Circle 5:Anger/Sullenness 

Medusa is one of three sisters known as the Gorgons, was so frightening to behold that those who looked at her would turn to stone. Conventionally adorned with a head full of serpents.

The appearance of the three Furies, threaten to call Medusa.

Farinata is found in Circle 6: The Heretics

Farinata asks Dante who were his ancestors. As a Florentine leader of the Ghibilines, Farinata was an enemy to the party of Dante's ancestors (the guelphs).

Found in Inferno Circle 7: The Sodomites

Brunetto Latini and Dante show great affection when they meet. While Brunetto's own writings--in terms of quality and significance--are far inferior to Dante's, he was perhaps the most influential promoter in the Middle Ages of the essential idea (derived from the Roman writer Cicero) that eloquence--in both oral and written forms--is beneficial to society only when combined with wisdom.   

Found in Circle 7

Geryon as an innocent face, he is half-reptile, half-hairy beast, with a scorpions stinger at the end of his tail, and wings.

Geryon flies Dante and Virgil to Circle 8:

Ugolino is found in Circle 9: Antenora- Realm of political traitors

Born into a prominent ghibelline family in Pisa, Ugolino switched to the guelph side following their ascendancy in Tuscan politics and tried to install a guelph government in Pisa. Unsuccesful he was exiled. Ugolino, out of political expediency, ceded the Pisan castles to Lucca and Florence.upon Ugolino's return to Pisa, Ruggieri incited the public against him (by cleverly exploiting Ugolino's previous "betrayal of the castles") and had the count--along with two sons (Gaddo and Uguiccione) and two grandsons (Anselmo and Brigata)--arrested and imprisoned. They were held in the tower for eight months until, with a change in the ghibelline leadership of Pisa, it was decided to nail shut the door to the tower and to throw the key into the Arno. They starved to death, as Dante's Ugolino recalls, in a matter of days

Found in circle 9:

Brutus and Cassius, stuffed feet first in the jaws of Lucifer's black and whitish-yellow faces respectively, are punished in this lowest region for their assassination of Julius Caesar

Cassius continued to harbor resentment against Caesar's dictatorship and enlisted the aid of Brutus in a conspiracy to kill Caesar and re-establish the republic.

Cato

Found in Ante-Purgatory

Cato was a was a Roman military leader and statesman. Now he is the guardian of the mountain of purgatory.

Cato was thought to possess in full the four cardinal (moral) virtues, symbolized here by the four "holy" stars lighting his face-Prudence, Fortitude, Temperance, and Justice!

Found in: Purgatory canto 2

Was a dear friend of Dante. Casella was a singer and composer from Florence. Dante wrote the poems and Casella would sing it. Al the souls sings with Casells sings but Cato breaks it up and says they must move forward.

Found in ante-purgatory: The Base of the Mountain- the excommunicates

 At the battle of Benevento, he received two fatal wounds. Right before dying, Manfred repented of all his sins and gave himself completely to the merciful God. Unfortunately, his enemy was Pope Clement IV and he excommunicated him after death. So this Pope's man dug up Manfred’s body—originally buried at Benevento—to move it outside papal territory. f they have died with hearts set against the Church, they must wait for thirty times the length of their sin to actually start climbing the mountain of Purgatory.

Found in: ante purgatory

When Virgil says he is from Mantua Sordello gets up and hugs him.

Found in Purgatory: the gluttons

In their youth Donati and Dante exhanged a series of sonnets literary genre known as tenzone), in which they honed their poetic craft by playfully and cleverly insulting one another in the basest terms. terrace of gluttony, where the emaciated spirits (their eyes sunk so far back into their sockets the face resembles the letter M) suffer excruciating hunger and thirst. In the purgatorial spirit of repentance, Forese (along with Dante) looks back on his wild past with sorrow, and he credits the prayers of his good wife Nella for enabling him to advance so far up the mountain in a relatively short time (less than 5 years since his death).   

Found in purgatory- terrace of the prideful

Oderisi regrets being so proud during his lifetime, he now says Franco was the better painter.

Found in purgatorio: third terrace the wrathful

Talks about celestial influences and human resonsibility and the balance of power between relegious and political institutions.

Statius drops to his knees when he sees Virgil.

Statius sin was that he was too generous. Statius describes how the soul is born and dies.