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Final
final exam
100
Other
Undergraduate 1
05/07/2010
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Term
1. Question :

A(n) _____ is a general plan of action adopted by government to solve a social problem, counter a threat, or pursue an objective.
  Student Answer:
 a) program evaluation
 b) agenda
 c) issue network
 d) public policy  
 e) plan of action
Definition
d) public policy
Term
2. Question :

Libertarians tend to believe that drugs should be
  Student Answer:
 a) decriminalized.  
 b) illegal.  
 c) illegal for most adults.
 d) legal if a majority of Americans agree.
 e) legal in large states.
Definition
A) decriminalized
Term
3. Question :

Street lighting is an example of a
  Student Answer:
 a) tax expenditure.
 b) selective benefit.
 c) general service.  
 d) redistributional policy.
 e) distributive policy.  
Definition
E) distributibe policy
Term
4. Question :

When applied to business markets, regulations attempt to
  Student Answer:
 a) prohibit customers from unfairly benefitting from a service.
 b) prohibit certain businesses from preventing others in their sector from profiting.
 c) encourage consumers to understand the safeguards applied to a business.  

 d)

 permit certain businesses to engage in a particular type of business.
 e) structure the way a market works.
Definition
E)structure the way a market works
Term
5. Question :

A person is discouraged by a government policy from taking an action being contemplated. Such a policy tool is known as a(n)
  Student Answer:
 a) incentive.
 b) disincentive.  
 c) compromise.
 d) regulation.  
 e) permissive.
Definition
B)disincentive
Term
6. Question :

When political scientists talk about feedback loops and policy cycles, the assumption is that
  Student Answer:
 a) more advanced computers will improve government decision making
 b) every good government program is expected to solve a problem and then be phased out.  

 c)

 policies are never over; they continue to be refined, reargued, and changed.  
 d) Congress accomplishes most of its work at the end of the calendar year.
 e) a policy that fails to go through these cycles is a failed policy.
Definition
c)polivies are never over; the continue to be refined, reargued, and changed
Term
7. Question :

An existing social problem is redefined as a political problem when
  Student Answer:
a) a majority if the American people decide that it is a plolitical problem.  
 b) the Supreme Court decides to rule on it.
 c) money is identified to address the issue.
 d) the press begins to report on it.
 e) a highly visible event or development pushes it onto the agenda.  
Definition
E) A highly visible event or development pushes it onto the agenda
Term
8. Question :

Issue definition is influenced by
  Student Answer:
 a) our own values.
b) the way we think about a problem.
c) interest groups.
 d) politicians.
e)  all of the above.
Definition
E) All of the above
Term
9. Question :

Issue definition
  Student Answer:
a) is influenced by our own values and the way we see the world.  
 b) is shaped by interest groups and elected officials.
 c) remains relatively constant over time for most problems.
 d) is characterized by all of the above.  
 e) is defined differently by different groups.
Definition
D)is characterized by all of the above
Term
10. Question :

Implementation of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 involved
  Student Answer:
 a) coordination of state and local policies.  
b)

                                                                            a Supreme Court determination that affirmative action policies should apply to people with disabilities.

 c)

 congressional oversight
 d) policy monopolization by the Department of Health and Human Services.
e) decision making by many different federal government agencies.
Definition
A) Coordination of State and local policies
Term
11. Question :

More streamlined and efficient security procedures are being adopted constantly by the government to replace pre-existing and less efficient policies. This is known as
  Student Answer:
 a) incremental policymaking.  
 b) replacement strategy.
 c) policy manipulation.
 d) inefficient administration.
e) complex issue discernment
Definition
a) incremental policymaking
Term
12. Question :

One of the difficulties of policy evaluation comes from the fact that
  Student Answer:
 a) there is no single agreed-on method of evaluating policy.  
 b) there is no pool of experts trained in policy evaluation.
 c) scholars attempt to be unbiased.  
 d) Congress seldom allocates funding for evaluation of its policies.
e) complex issue discernment.
Definition
a)there is no single agreed-on method of evaulating policy
Term
13. Question :

The need for feedback loops and policy cycles suggests that
  Student Answer:
a) technical improvements will continue to phase out the need for policy refinement.
 b) good policy formulation will eventually eliminate the need for problem solving.
 c) policies will always require refinement, change, and analysis.  
 d) congressional deliberation of policies ends with the passage of new laws.  
 e) a policy that fails to undergo these processes is s failed policy.
Definition
c)policies will always require refinement, change, and analysis
Term
14. Question :

One common response to the problem of coordinating different elements of government is the formation of _____ within _____.
  Student Answer:
 a) subcommittees; the House of Representatives
 b) groups of expertise; policy community
 c) interstate governors' councils; the Council of State Governors
 d) House and Senate committees; Congress  
e) interagency task forces; the executive branch  
Definition
e)interagency task forces; the excutive branch
Term
15. Question :

Most industries prefer not to be regulated, but when regulation becomes inevitable, they usually prefer that it come
  Student Answer:
 a) in the form of both state and national regulations.
 b) from the states so that it will be adapted to local conditions.
 c) from the federal government, so that it will be uniform nationwide.  
 d) from cities and counties.  
e) from within affected groups.
Definition
c)from the federal government, so that it will be uniform nationwide
Term
16. Question :

You are a Washington lawyer who specializes in municipal finance, and you interact regularly with members of Congress, congressional committee staff, the bureaucracy, and others who make policy in this area. You are a member of a(n)
  Student Answer:
a) trade association.
 b) policy system dynamic.
 c) issue network.  
 d) public interest group.  
 e) agenda team.
Definition
c) issue network
Term
17. Question :

Issue networks are made possible-even necessary-by what characteristic of policymaking?
  Student Answer:
 a) Responsiveness
 b) Political ideology
 c) Procrastination
 d) Specialization  
e) Education
Definition
d) specialization
Term
18. Question :

Policymaking in Washington, D.C. is a(n)
  Student Answer:
 a) dynamic process in which many nongovernment organizations are respected participants.  
 b) relatively static process.
 c) relatively simple process focused on single institutions.
 d) incomprehensibly complex process.  
 e) frustrating and often failed attempt at change.
Definition
  a)dynamic process in which many nongovernment organizations are respected participants.
Term
19. Question :

Issue networks are most likely to dominate policies that
  Student Answer:
 a) are easily grasped by policymakers.
 b) are easily understood by voters.
 c) tend to be technical and complex.  
 d) are highly charged with ideology and emotion.  
e) apply to the largest number of people.
Definition
c) tend yo be technical and complex
Term
20. Question :

The major criticism of issue networks is that
  Student Answer:
a) the members of the interest groups are primarily concerned with protecting and promoting their own organizations' goals.  
 b) individuals move rapidly among several different policy subsystems.
 c) members of the subsystem lack expertise in their fields.
 d) the number of groups involved in each subsystem is declining.
 e) members of one group often hinder policymaking by attempting to defeat another group's policy.
Definition
a) the members of the interest groups are primarily concerned with protecting and promoting their own organizations' goals
Term
21. Question :

Public charities
  Student Answer:
 a) must distribute money or goods to the needy.
 b) no longer exist in the United States.
 c) perform some public good, thereby providing something of value to society.  
 d) are funded exclusively through generous private donations.  
e) compete with the government to provide services.
Definition
c) perform some public good, thereby providing something of value to society
Term
22. Question :

The typical nonprofit is supported by
  Student Answer:
 a) a handful of wealthy individuals.
 b) private funds.
 c) government funds.
 d) both B and C.  
e)  a political party
Definition
d) both b and c
Term
23. Question :

Which of the following statements concerning nonprofits and the policymaking process is incorrect?
  Student Answer:
 a) The government gets less social services because nonprofits participate in policymaking.  
 b) Nonprofits are growing in importance.
 c) Nonprofits represent a less expensive way to deliver services.
 d) Nonprofits make considerable use of volunteer labor.  
e) None of the above
Definition
a) the government gets less social services because nonprofits participate in policymaking
Term
24. Question :

Nonprofit organizations
  Student Answer:
a) are voluntary organizations that may not distribute profits to anyone.  
 b) are always social service providers.
c) are sometimes governmental organizations, but are usually private sector organizations.
d) are described by none of the above.  
 e) are described by all of the above.
Definition
e) are voluntary organizations that may not distribute profits to anyone
Term
1. Question :

The debate over welfare reform illustrates the tensions between
  Student Answer:
 a) freedom and equality.  
 b) freedom and order.
 c) order and equality.
 d) rich and poor.
 e) liberty and equality.
Definition
a) freedom and equality
Term
2. Question :

Government programs designed to provide the basic living conditions necessary for all citizens are called
  Student Answer:
a) charitable programs.
 b) social welfare programs.  
 c) the welfare state.
 d) disability programs.
 e) subsistence aid programs
Definition
b) social welfare programs
Term
3. Question :

Social welfare policy in the United States today has been significantly shaped by the
  Student Answer:
 a) Progressive era and World War I.
 b) Civil War and the Progressive era.
 c) Great Depression, the New Deal, and the Great Society.  
 d) Jacksonian Revolution and the Civil War.
e) Era of Good Feelings.
Definition
c) great depression, the new deal, and the great society
Term
4. Question :

The New Deal was composed of two basic elements:
  Student Answer:
 a) one to shift responsibility for welfare programs to the states; the other to keep people on farms and in rural areas.
 b) one to boost prices and lower unemployment; the other to aid specific groups of disadvantaged people.  
 c) one to reduce unnecessary federal expenditures; the other to balance the federal budget.
 d) one to provide for government ownership of major industries such as steel and coal production; the other to provide for government management of banks.
 e) one to rebuild public buildings in need of repair; the other to assist cities in road development.
Definition
b) one to boost and lower unemployment; the other to aid specific groups of disadvantaged people
Term
5. Question :

Ironically, what action or event made possible the New Deal promises of low unemployment and higher prices?
  Student Answer:
 a) An improving economy
 b) A budget reserve
 c) Increased income taxes
 d) A decrease in unemployment  
e) The entry of the U.S. into World War II  
Definition
e) the entry of the U.S. into World War II
Term
6. Question :

The central value underlying Lyndon Johnson's Great Society was
  Student Answer:
 a) freedom.
 b) democracy.
 c) order.
 d) equality.  
e) independence.
Definition
d) equality
Term
7. Question :

Johnson's Great Society policies were targeted at
  Student Answer:
 a) the poorest states.
 b) short-term relief of an economic depression.
 c) chronic social problems requiring a long-term commitment.  
 d) middle- and upper-income voters.
e) depressed inner-city areas.
Definition
c) chronic social problems requiring a long-term commitment
Term
8. Question :

The War on Poverty of 1964 was originally designed to
  Student Answer:
 a) be directed and controlled by local private charities.
 b) be directed and controlled by state officials.
 c) be directed and controlled by bureaucrats in Washington, D.C.
 d) be directed and controlled by local officials.  
e) involve the poor themselves in administering the programs.  
Definition
e) involve the poor themselves in administering the programs
Term
9. Question :

Whereas the Johnson administration's approach to social welfare was concerned with _____, the Reagan administration's approach was concerned with _____.
  Student Answer:
 a) equality over freedom; freedom over equality  
 b) freedom over equality; equality over freedom
 c) long-term poverty; short-term poverty
 d) short-term poverty; long-term poverty
 e) liberty over freedom; freedom over fairness
Definition
a) equality over freedom; freedom over equality
Term
10. Question :

Which mechanism provides the funding for the social security system?
  Student Answer:
 a) Taxes on retirement pensions
 b) The general revenue fund
 c) Sales tax
 d) The Health and Human Services Department's annual budget appropriation
e) Payroll taxes on employees and employers
Definition
e) payroll taxes on employees and employers
Term
11. Question :

The purpose of social insurance programs is to
  Student Answer:
 a) provide help to working people who are unemployed because of age, illness, or economic forces beyond their control.  
 b) provide a decent living wage to all Americans.
 c) provide a nationwide system of health care.
 d) ensure that people of all races and religions receive equal treatment.
e) establish a fair standard for the "living poor."
Definition
a) provide help to working people who are unemployed because of age, illness or economic forces beyond their control
Term
12. Question :

The first example of social insurance in the United States was
  Student Answer:
 a) Aid to Families with Dependent Children.
 b) health care for the elderly.
 c) health care for the poor.
 d) worker's compensation.  
e) disability benefits.
Definition
d) worker's compensation
Term
13. Question :

The social security system in America was established in
  Student Answer:
 a) 1883.
 b) 1935.  
 c) 1929.
 d) 1964.
e) 1943.  
Definition
b) 1935
Term
14. Question :

If no changes are made to the social security system, funds are expected to be depleted by
  Student Answer:
 a) 2012.
 b) 2019.
 c) 2040.  
 d) 2000.
e) 2034.  
Definition
c) 2040
Term
15. Question :

Stagflation occurs when high unemployment is matched with high
  Student Answer:
 a) income taxes.
 b) interest rates.
 c) inflation.  
 d) marginal rates.
e) investment.
Definition
c) inflation
Term
16. Question :

The standard of "three times the cost of a minimally-nutritious diet" applies to
  Student Answer:
a) welfare.
 b) the Guaranteed Income Assistance program.
 c) the poverty threshold.  
 d) Medicaid.
 e) the Assistance to Women, Infants, and Children program.
Definition
c) the poverty threshold
Term
17. Question :

What portion of the American people are officially considered to be living in poverty?
  Student Answer:
 a) About 1 percent
 b) Nearly 50 percent
 c) Just under 30 percent
 d) About 13 percent  
e) One in four
Definition
d) about 13 percent
Term
18. Question :

The poverty _____ determines the income level at which families qualify for government assistance.
  Student Answer:
a) threshold
b) guideline  
c) line
d) delineation
e) parameter
Definition
b) guidline
Term
19. Question :

A major cause of the feminization of poverty is that
  Student Answer:
 a) women do not have marketable work skills.
 b) most federal welfare programs are geared toward men.
 c) passage of the Equal Rights Amendment removed many welfare programs created specifically for women.
 d) many women are forced to leave the full-time work force to raise their children.  
e) on average, women have less education than men.
Definition
d) many women are forced to leave the full-time work force to raise their children
Term
20. Question :

Which poverty program ended in 1996?
  Student Answer:
 a) AFDC  
 b) Medicaid
 c) GIP
 d) Income Assistance Program
e) WIC
Definition
a) AFDC
Term
21. Question :

Following the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Act of 1996, funding of welfare has come primarily from
  Student Answer:
 a) charitable donations.
 b) social insurance premiums paid by the working poor.
 c) state and local tax revenues.
 d) block grants from the federal government to the states.  
e) federal taxes collected by the states for this purpose.  
Definition
d) block grants from the federal government to the states
Term
22. Question :

Roughly ____ percent of Americans have no insurance.
  Student Answer:
a) 5
 b) 15  
 c) 30
 d) 40
e) 53
Definition
b) 15
Term
23. Question :

The country that spends the largest percentage of its gross domestic product on health care is
  Student Answer:
a) the Netherlands.
 b) China.
 c) Russia.
 d) Canada.
e) the U.S.
Definition
e) the US
Term
1. Question :

The "positive rights" that a government grants may also be called
  Student Answer:
 a) civil rights.  
 b) human rights.
 c) civil liberties.
 d) negative liberties.
e) inalienable rights.  
Definition
a) civil rights
Term
2. Question :

The rights and liberties guaranteed by the Constitution are found in
  Student Answer:
a) the Eighteenth and Twenty-Second Amendments.
 b) the Bill of Rights and the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment.  
 c) Article III.
 d) Article I.
 e) Amendments 1 through 27.
Definition
b) the bill of rights and the first section of the fourteenth amendment
Term
3. Question :

A court decision declaring a plan requiring the teaching of creationism in public schools unconstitutional might be based on what legal principle?
  Student Answer:
 a) The equal protection clause  
 b) The clear secular intent rule  
 c) The unnecessary vagueness decision
 d) The scientific evidence doctrine
e)  The neutrality test
Definition
b) the clear secular intent rule
Term
4. Question :

Cases involving the First Amendment have embroiled the courts in the conflict between
  Student Answer:
 a) due process and equal protection.
 b) order and equality.
 c) freedom and order.  
 d) freedom and equality.  
e) liberty and due process.
Definition
c) freedom and order
Term
5. Question :

The "clear and present danger" test aims to distinguish between advocacy of ideas and
  Student Answer:
 a) incitement.  
 b) strict scrutiny.  
 c) prior restraint.
 d) slander.
e) the reasonableness standard.
Definition
a) incitement
Term
6. Question :

In order to determine whether a movie fit the legal standard for obscenity, the work would be
  Student Answer:
a) scrutinized against federal standards only.  
 b) subjected to differing local standards.  
 c) determined to violate obscenity standards only if part of the work were somewhat obscene.
 d) removed from public availability during its review.
 e) kept in public circulation if the entire work were judged to be obscene, if part of a press piece.
Definition
b) subjected to differing local standards
Term
7. Question :

In defense of their position, gun control advocates argue that the right to bear arms as outlined in the Second Amendment relates only to
  Student Answer:
 a) state militias.  
 b) individual homeowners' rights to protect their homes.
 c) Congress's discretionary authority to regulate handguns.  
 d) the right of law enforcement to prohibit felons from owning handguns.
 e) the federal government's right to create a large federal military force.
Definition
a) state militias
Term
8. Question :

A bill of attainder
  Student Answer:
 a) impairs contracts between states.
 b) prevents double jeopardy.
 c) declares an action illegal after it has been committed.
 d) declares a person guilty without the benefit of trial.  
e) None of the above
Definition
d) declares a person guilty without the benifit of trial
Term
9. Question :

Most protections outlined in the Bill of Rights now apply to the states as a result of the Supreme Court's interpretation of the _____ clause.
  Student Answer:
 a) due process  
 b) press
 c) equal protection  
 d) free exercise
e) privacy
Definition
a) due process
Term
10. Question :

The case of Gideon v. Wainwright affirmed that the state must
  Student Answer:
 a) allow you to be tried by a jury of your peers.
 b) provide you with legal counsel.  
 c) inform you of your constitutional rights before placing you under arrest.  
 d) allow you to confront your accuser.
e) impose a fair and impartial sentence for the crime.
Definition
b) provide you with legal counsel
Term
11. Question :

The exclusionary rule holds that
  Student Answer:
 a) "fighting words" can be excluded from constitutional protection.
 b) a court van order or constrain an action by an individual.
 c) evidence obtained from an illegal search and seizure cannot be used in a trial.  
 d) people who are biased against a defendant may be excluded from serving on a jury.
e) evidence wrongly excluded at trial may not be used in appellate court later.    
Definition
c) evidence obtained from an illegal search and seizure cannot be used in a trial
Term
12. Question :

The good faith exception allows
  Student Answer:
a) the state to introduce evidence at trial if that evidence was seized on the basis of a mistakenly issued search warrant.  
 b) the state to exempt a person from punishment for a crime if that person did not understand that his or her action was criminal.
 c) individuals to publish any material they wish, as long as they believe that material to be factually correct.
 d) people to be excused from jury duty if they can demonstrate that they have given their best effort in performing other civic duties.
 e) a mistake in securing evidence to be considered neutrally by a jury.
Definition
a) the state to introuduce evidence at a trial if that evidence was seized on the basis of a mistankenly issued search warrant
Term
13. Question :

According to the Supreme Court in Bowers v. Hardwick, homosexual relations between consenting adults in the privacy of their own homes
  Student Answer:
 a) are protected under the Bill of Rights.
 b) are not protected under the Bill of Rights.  
 c) cannot be regulated by state governments.
 d) may be regulated only by Congress.
e) is a prohibited extension of search and seizure laws.    
Definition
b) are not protected under the bill of rights
Term
14. Question :

The _____ Amendment has been construed to provide protection for the individual from the actions of a repressive state government.
  Student Answer:
 a) First
 b) Fifth  
 c) Ninth
 d) Fourteenth  
e) Fourth
Definition
d) fourteenth
Term
15. Question :

In _____, the Supreme Court held that "fighting words" do not convey ideas and thus are not subject to First Amendment protection.
  Student Answer:
 a) Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire (1942)  
 b) New York Times Co. v. Sullivan (1964)
 c) Miller v. California (1973)
 d) Near v. Minnesota (1931)
e) Schenck v. United States (1919)
Definition
a) chaplinsky v. new hampshire
Term
16. Question :

Which of the following is most clearly supported by a majority of Americans?
  Student Answer:
 a) Equality of outcome
 b) Quotas
 c) Equality of opportunity  
 d) Socialism
e) Equal results
Definition
c) equality of opportunity
Term
17. Question :

When schools and businesses allocate admissions or jobs on the basis of race, gender, disability, or other criteria unrelated to ability, they are aiming at
  Student Answer:
 a) equality of opportunity.  
 b) political equality.
 c) equality of outcome.  
 d) separate but equal accommodations.
e) fairness.
Definition
c) equality of outcome
Term
18. Question :

Which of the following best describes the concept of civil rights?
  Student Answer:
a)  Rights generally accorded all citizens  
 b) Political rights of speech and assembly
 c) Rights extended to citizens from legislative action
 d) The guarantees of life, liberty, and property granted to all citizens
 e) Powers and privileges guaranteed to individuals and protected against arbitrary withdrawal by the government or individuals  
Definition

e)

individuals and protected against arbitrary withdrawal by the government or individuals    
Term
19. Question :

In the case of Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the Supreme Court mandated an end to
  Student Answer:
a) discriminatory voting laws.
 b) all forms of racial discrimination.
 c) racial segregation in public schools.  
 d) busing to achieve integration.
 e) unequal funding of education programs.    
Definition
c) racial segregation in public schools
Term
20. Question :

De jure segregation is segregation that is
  Student Answer:
 a) regional but not national.
 b) local but not regional.
 c) pending review by an administrator.
 d) upheld by the courts.  
e) government-imposed.  
Definition
e) government-imposed
Term
21. Question :

Civil disobedience is
  Student Answer:
 a) the willful but nonviolent breach of unjust laws.  
 b) the failure to fulfill a contractual agreement.
 c) engaging in actions that are likely to promote social change.
 d) engaging in actions that are likely to catalyze violent societal responses, such as riots.
e) the lawful refusal to follow a court order.
Definition
a) the willful but nonviolent breach of unjust laws
Term
22. Question :

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 provided for all of the following except
  Student Answer:
 a) equal access to public accommodations regardless of race, religion, or national origin.
 b) equal employment opportunities regardless of race.
 c) withholding federal grants-in-aid from state programs that discriminated on the basis of race.  
 d) elimination of the poll tax as a requirement for voting.  
e) strengthened voting rights legislation.
Definition
d) elimination of the poll tax as a requirement for voting
Term
23. Question :

Which of the following statements best describes the legal status of Native Americans?
  Student Answer:
a) They were granted full citizenship by the Fourteenth Amendment.  
 b) Until granted U.S. citizenship in 1924, they were considered foreign nationals.  
 c) They are currently not considered U.S. citizens and are dealt with through treaties.
 d) They have been considered white, and hence citizens, since 1776, but they have suffered de facto discrimination.
 e) They are still considered to be citizens of local tribes only.
Definition
b) Until granted US citizenship in 1924 they were considered foreign nationals
Term
24. Question :

The disabled rights movement stems from
  Student Answer:
 a) disabled World War I veterans returning home to a country inhospitable to their needs.
 b) people disabled as a result of birth defects.  
 c) disabled Vietnam War veterans returning home to a country inhospitable to their needs.
 d) the disabled rights movement of the 1960s.
e) disabled World War II veterans returning home to a country inhospitable to their needs.
Definition
e) disabled world war II veterans returning home to a country inhospitable to their needs
Term
25. Question :

Affirmative action is the
  Student Answer:
a) commitment by the federal government to require state governments to eliminate all forms of discrimination within their boundaries.
 b) commitment first introduced in the California legislature to ensure equal employment opportunities for African Americans.
 c) commitment by a business, employer, school, or other public or private institution to expand opportunities for women, African and Hispanic Americans, and members of other minority groups.  
 d) decision by a court in Hawaii to affirm the right of gays and lesbians to marry.
 e) specific allowance of a certain number of positions to applicants.
Definition
c) commitment by a buisness, employer, school, or other public or private institution to expand opportunities for women, African, Hispanic Americans, and members of other minority groups
Term
1. Question :

The price of a newly-released game box will decrease as time goes by, initial demand is met, and competitors attempt to duplicate the product. This situation would be defined as a
  Student Answer:
 a) consumer cyclical relation.
 b) market control.
 c) market economy.  
 d) product-manipulated market.
 e) complex economic model.
Definition
c) Market economy
Term
2. Question :

The price and amount of a good produced in a non-market economy is determined by
  Student Answer:
 a) barter.
 b) banks.
 c) goods on hand.
 d) government authorities.  
e) cost of raw materials.
Definition
d) government authorities
Term
3. Question :

Adam Smith's "invisible hand" refers to
  Student Answer:
 a) the uncontrollable forces of nature that affect the economy.
 b) a successful gothic novel Smith wrote, thereby gaining the income necessary to pursue less lucrative academic speculation.
 c) the control that government exercises over the economy.
 d) the economic force that converts individual pursuit of personal profit into societal good.  
e) the fact that the basic cost of goods will always increase.
Definition
d) the economic force that converts individual pursuit of personal profit into societal good
Term
4. Question :

Laissez-faire economies experience problems because of
  Student Answer:
 a) too much manipulation of price policy by the government.
 b) the increasing dependence of business on government assistance.
 c) the reluctance of businesses to raise prices when the market dictates, such as when there is a shortage of goods.
 d) too many expectations and regulations being set by government on business entities.
e) government's reluctance to intercede in economic downturns.
Definition
e) government's reluctance to intercede in economic downturns
Term
5. Question :

The business cycle is
  Student Answer:
 a) the process of investing and gaining a profit.
 b) the period during which the federal government compiles the budget.
 c) periods of expansion and inflation alternating with periods of contraction and unemployment.  
 d) the process of extracting money from the economy through taxes and then returning it through spending.
e) inflation and recession.
Definition
c) periods of expansion and inflation alternating with periods of contraction and unemployment
Term
6. Question :

The income available to consumers, business, and government for spending on goods and services is called
  Student Answer:
 a) aggregate demand.  
 b) inflation.
 c) productive capacity.
 d) gross domestic product.
e) revenue.
Definition
a) aggregate demand
Term
7. Question :

The most common measure of inflation in the United States is
  Student Answer:
 a) the prime interest rate.
 b) the Dow.
 c) the GNP.
 d) unemployment coupled with wage costs.
e) the Consumer Price Index (CPI).  
Definition
e) the consumer price index
Term

 

8. Question :

When John Maynard Keynes suggested deficit financing by the government to adjust aggregate demand and stabilize the economy, he was advocating the use of
  Student Answer:
a) fiscal policy.  
 b) monetary policy.
 c) a business cycle.
 d) an "invisible hand."
e) productive capacity.  
Definition
a) fiscal policy
Term
9. Question :

Monetary policies are largely determined by
  Student Answer:
  a) Congress.    
  b) state legislatures.    
  c) select members of the Senate.    
  d) the Congressional Budget Office.    
  e) the Federal Reserve Board.    
Definition
e) the federal reserve board
Term
10. Question :

Which entity is responsible for reporting to the president on the effects of budgetary practices on the overall economy, as well as situations such as inflation or reduced GNP?
  Student Answer:
 a) The Executive Office of the President
 b) The Office of Management and Budget
 c) The Congressional Budget Office
 d) The Federal Reserve
e) The Council of Economic Advisers  
Definition
e) the council of economic advisers
Term
11. Question :

Many people believe that the _________ is the primary source of "big government" in America.
  Student Answer:
 a) Social Security Act of 1935
 b) Executive Office of the President
 c) Employment Act of 1946  
 d) Congressional Budget Office
e) Council of Economic Advisers
Definition
c) employment act of 1946
Term
12. Question :

Monetarists argue that government can control the economy's performance simply by
  Student Answer:
 a) raising the interest rate.
 b) cutting back on loans.
 c) reducing the interest rate.
 d) controlling the money supply.  
e) both B and C.
Definition
d) controlling the money supply
Term
13. Question :

Increases in the interest rate or the amount of money in circulation are monetary policies under the responsibility of
  Student Answer:
 a) the Council of Economic Advisers.
 b) the Central Budget Board.
 c) the president.
 d) the Office of Management and Budget.
e) the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
Definition
e) the board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
Term
14. Question :

The reserve requirement is the
  Student Answer:
 a) need of the country always to have a certain percentage of its population in military readiness.
 b) requirement that government has enough gold in reserve to meet its debt obligations.
 c) requirement that the federal Treasury keep a certain percentage of its funds on hand.
 d) legal requirement that oil companies keep a certain percentage of their product in storage in case of a crisis.
e)  amount of cash that member banks must keep on deposit in a regional Federal Reserve Bank.  
Definition
e) amount of cash that member banks must keep on deposit in a regional Federal Reserve Bank
Term
15. Question :

Which of the following statements concerning the president and the economy is correct?
  Student Answer:
 a) The president does not determine the interest rate.
 b) The president does not control spending.
 c) The president does not determine the interest rate of control spending.
 d) Voters often hold the president responsible for the state of the economy.
e) All of the above
Definition
e) All of the above
Term
16. Question :

The essence of supply-side economics is that
  Student Answer:
 a) government spending should be used to "prime the pump" and aid economic recovery.
 b) industry should be centrally coordinated to ensure a steady supply of necessary goods.  
 c) taxes should be cut to stimulate investment and government regulation of business should be decreased.  
 d) government should tax heavily and redistribute the money in an equitable fashion.
e) business should be forced by government to allow inventories of goods to grow, thereby reducing costs.
Definition
c) taxes should be cut to stimulate investment and government regualtion of buisness should be decreased
Term
17. Question :

The Budget and Accounting Act of 1921 placed the responsibility for preparing the federal budget in the hands of
  Student Answer:
 a) Congress.
 b) the Federal Reserve Board.
 c) the Treasury Department.
 d) the Council of Economic Advisers.
e) the president.
Definition
e) the president
Term
19. Question :

The total amount of money in the federal budget scheduled to be spent in a given fiscal year is the budget
  Student Answer:
a) authority.
 b) program.
 c) deficit.
 d) projection.
 e) outlay.  
Definition
e) outlay
Term
20. Question :

The budget-making process is initiated by
  Student Answer:
 a) Congress.  
 b) the Federal Reserve.
 c) the Council of Economic Advisers.
 d) the Office of Management and Budget.  
e) the Budget Control Board.
Definition
d) the office of management and budget
Term
21. Question :

_____ committees are responsible for raising the revenue to run the government.
  Student Answer:
a) Authorization
b) Appropriations
c) Budget
d) Tax  
e) Banking  
Definition
d) tax
Term
22. Question :

The role of appropriations committees is to
  Student Answer:
 a) monitor overall spending.
b)

oversee implementation of the Gramm

Rudman-Hollings Act.

 c) authorize spending in particular legislative areas.
 d) offer a comprehensive budget review process.
e) decide which programs will be funded.
Definition
e) decide which programs will be funded
Term

 

23. Question :

One goal of the Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 was to
  Student Answer:
 a) provide a timetable for the congressional budgeting process.  
 b) further decentralize congressional budgetary politics.
 c) implement Gramm-Rudman.
 d) allow the president greater budgetary power.
e) control unauthorized spending.
Definition
a) provide a timetable for the congressional budgeting process
Term
24. Question :

The lesson of Gramm-Rudman is that
  Student Answer:
 a) despite popular perceptions, Congress can balance the budget.
 b) Congress lacks the political will to force itself to balance the budget.  
 c) the president ultimately has final control over the budget.
 d) all of the above are true.  
e) none of the above are true.
Definition
B) congress lacks the political will to force itself to balance the budget
Term
25. Question :

Transfer payments are
  Student Answer:
 a) money intended for one program that is transferred to fund another.
 b) funding transferred from one level of government to cover the activities of another level of government.
 c) funding provided directly to individuals through government programs.  
 d) funding provided to government through tax payments by individuals.  
e) money used to cover deficits.
Definition
c) funding provided directly to individuals through government programs
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