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Details

Flouroscopy Supervisor Study Guide
To help study for the California Flouroscopy Supervisors Exam
17
Medical
Professional
09/29/2011

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Exposure Factors

kVp

Definition
 a measure of the maximum electrical potential in kilovolts across an x-ray tube. Most diagnostic x-ray machines have a kVp of 40 to 150. However, x-ray equipment is usually operated at the minimum potential necessary for an examination
Term

Exposure Factors

mAs

Definition
milliampere seconds
Term

Radiosensitivity

Dose-response relationships

Definition
The relationship between the amount of exposure [dose] to a substance and the resulting changes in body function or health (response
Term

Radiosensitivity

Relative tissue radio sensitivities (eg: LET, RBE)

Definition

Radiosensitivity. Mammalian cells have different radiosensitivities.(effect of radiation)

Term

Radiosensitivity

Cell survival and recovery (LD50)

Definition

Repair. Mammalian cells can repair radiation damage. This is a complex process that involves repair of sublethal damage by a variety of repair enzymes and pathways.

—Repopulation. Cells repopulate while receiving fractionated doses of radiation

Term

Somatic Effects

Short term versus long-term effects

Definition

Somatic effects are harm that exposed individuals suffer during their lifetime, such as radiation induced cancers (carcinogenesis), sterility, opacification of the eye lens and life shortening.

Term

Somatic Effects

Acute versus Chronic Effects

Definition

An organ or tissue expresses response to radiation damage either as an

acute effect or as a late (chronic) effect.

Acute effects manifest themselves soon after exposure to radiation and are characterized by inflammation, oedema, denudation of epithelia and haemopoietic tissue, and haemorrhage. Late effects are delayed and are, for example, fibrosis, atrophy, ulceration, stenosis or obstruction of the intestine. Late effects may be generic and caused by absorption of radiation directly in

the target tissue, or consequential to acute damage in overlying tissues such as mucosa or the epidermis.

Term

Somatic Effects

Carcinogenesis

Definition

induction of cancer

Term

Somatic Effects

Eye/Thyroid

Definition

 

opacification of the eye lens

Ionizing radiation has been proven to cause leukaemia and has been implicated in the development of many other cancers in tissues such as bone, lung, skin, thyroid and breast>

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Term

Somatic Effects

Sterility

Definition

Somatic effects are harm that exposed individuals suffer during their lifetime, such as radiation induced cancers (carcinogenesis), sterility, opacification of the eye lens and life shortening.

Term

Systemic Responses

CNS

Definition

Dose > 100 Gy: central nervous system syndrome

Term

System Responses

hemopoietic

Definition
affecting the formation of blood or blood cells in the body
Term

System responses

Skin

Definition
Acute effects in the skin usually manifest initially as a slight erythema. Epilation can also occur early in the course of treatment. As further radiation is given, reddening as well as inflammation of the skin tends to increase. Desquamation, which can be dry in nature and show little more than surface flaking of the stratum corneum, can also appear
Term

Systemic Responses

GI

Definition

10 Gy < dose < 100 Gy: gastrointestinal syndrome

Radiation therapy directed at the abdomen may damage the digestive tract, the type and extent of injury depending on the dose of the radiation and the radiation sensitivity of the gut.

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