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| What the text is mostly about or the point the author is trying to get across. It’s different from the subject or topic. |
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| States or strongly suggests the focus of the paragraph. |
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| facts or details that help explain, describe, or tell more about the main idea or topic. |
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| Tells the main idea and most important or key details of a passage. |
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| a guess based on clues and what you already know.when you infer you understand something that is not stated directly. |
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| – An opinion or decision that is formed after a period of thought or research. It can also be a statement that sums up what your entire essay is about. To draw a conclusion, you make a judgment about what has taken place in the story. |
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| Information that you currently know, understand or misunderstand about the topic and you use this knowledge before, during, and after reading to clarify misconceptions and understand the text. |
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| – Writing it in your own words and referring directly to the story. This can be represented in three ways: paraphrasing, summarizing or quoting. |
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| something that is easy expressed or readibily observable |
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| something that is implied or directed.not clearly stated |
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| not influence by personal feelings or opinions in considering the represented facts. |
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| based on or influenced by personal feelings |
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| How an idea becomes apparent, important, or prominent. Where the idea first appears in the text. |
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| To look at the way the information in a text or passage is organized; a logical flow of ideas/statements supporting the central idea that make sense in the text. |
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| words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation. |
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| hints that an author gives to help define a difficult or unusual word; that may appear within the same sentence as the word to which it refers, or it may follow in a preceding sentence. |
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| – words used in a metaphorical sense—that is, not in a real sense but in a way that is expressed through figures of speech. Ex. The sun gleamed like a jewel in the sky. (simile) |
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| something that is spoken or written and it means exactly what it says. Ex. The sun is shining bright today. |
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| a feeling or idea that is suggested by a particular word. They give us the emotional connection with words; the meaning or tone that is suggested or implied. It can be positive, negative, or neutral. |
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| To clearly show or describe. You must be able to identify and describe factual information and reasoning within a text. |
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| sound, just, well-founded as it pertains to an argument or opinion. You must be able to determine if ideas and arguments are correct and logical (does it make sense) within a text. |
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| bearing upon or connected with the matter in hand; pertinent. You must be able to identify ideas and facts that are important and connected to the central idea of a text. |
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| – logically unsound, deceptive, or misleading. You must be able to identify false reasoning and illogical arguments. |
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| – to clarify or explain with examples. You must be able to describe ideas with evidence from the text. |
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| the reason an author writes about a specific topic. |
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| shows similarities and differences between two things. |
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| how the information within a written text is organized. |
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| the way the author expresses his attitude through his writing. |
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| To make the information, thought, idea in the text clear. |
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| Statements of belief the author makes in the text to support his or her argument (opinion). |
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| A short passage or quote taken or selected from a book, document, film, or the like. |
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| How authors influence the meaning and the emotional effect of a sentence or text by choosing the specific or key words or by making references and comparisons |
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| To choose several main or important ideas about the topic. |
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| a process of looking at something by breaking it into parts for closer examination. (Texts are composed of words, which form sentences, which form paragraphs, which form larger sections of the text as a whole.) |
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| when an author tries to convince others of his or her opinion |
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| the art of speaking or writing formally and effectively especially as a way to persuade or influence people. (Examples: figurative language, analogies, |
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