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| A histogram is a graph constructed by drawing rectangles for each class of data. The height of each rectangle is the frequency or relative frequency of the class. The width of each rectangle is the same and the rectangles touch each other. |
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| Classes are intervals of numbers used to create categories of data. |
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| The lower class limit of a class is the smallest value within the class. |
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| The upper class limit of a class is the largest value within the class. |
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| The class width is the difference between consecutive lower class limits. |
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| A table is open ended if the first class has no lower class limit, or the last class does not have a upper class limit. |
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| Florence Nightingale was a contributor to graphics in statistics, and a reformer of health care. She intented graphs (the polar area diagram), tables, and charts to show improving sanitary conditions would lead to decreased mortality rates while overseeing the introduction of female nurses into military hospitals in Turkey. |
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| A Stem-and-leaf plot is a method of organizing numerical data (quantitative data) in order of place value. |
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| Split stems is a term used to describe stem-and-leaf plots that have more than 1 space on the stem for the same interval. Example would be 1 with leaves 1-4, and a 2nd 1 containing leaves 5-9. This is done to help avoid "bunched" data. |
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| A dot plot is a visual summary of data drawn by placing each observation horizontally in increasing order, and placing a dot above the observation each time it is observed. |
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| A uniform distribution is a distribution where the frequency of each value of the variable is evenly spread out across the values of the variable. |
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| A bell-shaped distribution is a distribution where the highest frequency occurs in the middle and frequencies tail off to the left and right of the middle. The resulting graph thus resembles a bell. |
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| A distribution that is skewed right has a longer tail to the right of the peak, or point of highest distribution, than to the left of the peak. |
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| A distribution that is skewed left has a longer tail to the left of the peak, or point of highest distribution, than to the right of the peak. |
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| A time-series plot is obtained by plotting the time in which a variable is measured on the horizontal axis and the corresponding value of the variable on the vertical axis. Lines are then drawn connecting the points. |
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