Term
|
Definition
Glyceryl trinitrate, Isosorbide dinitrate
"Taken up by endothelial cells of the blood vessel wall
and converted to nitric oxide in vascular muscle
Nitric oxide acts directly on vascular smooth muscle to
induce dilation of blood vessels
More marked dilation of veins than arteries
Rapid dilation of peripheral venous vessels –
causes pooling of blood in veins
* Decreases ventricular blood volume
* Decreases cardiac workload
* Decreases myocardial oxygen demand
Produces dilatation of coronary arteries – directly
increases oxygen supply to the myocardium" |
|
|
Term
| β‐Adrenoceptor antagonists |
|
Definition
Propranolol, oxprenolol, atenolol, metoprolol
"β-Blockers
Prophylactic (preventive) treatment of angina
Inhibit β adrenergic receptors
*Decrease heart rate and myocardial contractility – thereby reducing the oxygen demand of the heart" |
|
|
Term
| Calcium channel antagonists |
|
Definition
Nifedipine, Amlodipine, Verapamil
"Inhibit calcium ion channels and block entry of calcium into vascular smooth muscle and myocardial cells
* Smooth muscle tone diminished
* Dilation of blood vessels
* Reduced force of myocardial contraction
* Decrease in myocardial oxygen demand " |
|
|
Term
| Potassium channel openers |
|
Definition
Nicorandil
"Potassium channel opener which allows the efflux of potassium ions = similar effect to calcium channel blockers (prevents opening of calcium ion channels)
Nitric oxide donor = similar effect to nitrates (dilation of arteriole and veins)" |
|
|
