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General path glossary
definitions and descriptions of ket words
31
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 3
04/14/2012

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Term
Abscess
Definition
focal collection of purulent inflam tissue w. central necrotic area, surrounded by neutrophils then fibrous tissue
Term
Adhesion
Definition
abnormal fibrous attachment between adjacent organs and tissues e.g. lungs and pleura
May occur due to organisation of surface exudate
Term
Autolysis
Definition
cell / tissue degeneration post mortem may resemble changes in necrosis but no inflam response present
Term
Basophilic
Definition
blue when stained with haematoxylin in H&E
Term
Chemokines
Definition
chemoattractant cytokines - induce cells to move towards them up a conc. grad.
Term
Cytokines
Definition
protein soluble factors released by one cell that bind specific receptors on the same or other cell leading to altered cell function
-mediators of inflam and im. responses
Term
Degeneration
Definition
retrogressivve change affecting cells / tissues, initially cytoplasmis changes, then nuclear.
Reversible but can lead to necrosis if insult is prolonged or severe
Term
Dystrophic calcification
Definition
Abnormal deposition of calcium when tissue is degenerate or necrotic
i.e. normal serum calcium levels
Term
Eosinophilic
Definition
Pink when stained with eosin in H&E
e.g. fibrin presence
Term
Erosion
Definition
local defect / excavation on surface of an organ or tisse due to sloughing of necrotic tissue
-incl. loss of epithelium but BM remains intact
Term
Exudate
Definition
material with HIGH cell and protein content which has leaked from vessels into adjacent tissues and spaces, in inflam.
Term
Fibrin
Definition
insoluble protein formed by the interaction of thrombin and fibrinogen

Fibrinogen --> Fibrin
converted by thrombin action
Term
Fibrinogen
Definition
a protein present in blood plasma and serous exudates
converted to fibrin by thrombin action
Term
Fibrinoid degeneration
Definition
-degeneration in which tissue involved is converted to a homogenous mass with bright eosinophilc staining due to firbin
-other proteins present incl. Ig and C
-usually applied to b.v.
Term
Fibrinous
Definition
contains or resembles fibrin
Term
Fibrous
Definition
Fibrous tissue, contains COLLAGEN
NB: no fibrin!
Term
Fibrosis
Definition
formation / deposition of fibrous tissue (i.e. collagen) c.t.
i.e. scar formation
Term
Granuloma
Definition
a central causal agent surrounded by a circumscribed aggregation or focus of macrophages, surrounded by lymphocytes +/- plasma cells
-a chronic response to a persistant agent
Term
Granulomatous
Definition
inflam reaction consisting of mainly macrophages w. other cells e.g. PCs
- usually chronic response to persistent agent
Term
Granulation tissue (GT)
Definition
formed as part of healing / repair process frollowing tissue damage
-composed of new cap. and fibroblasts producing collagen in basket weave pattern
Term
Hyaline
Definition
microscopic description for a substance stained with H&E which appears homogenous, eosinophilic (pink), glassy, translucent / transparent
Term
Ischaemia
Definition
Loss of blood supply
Term
Metastatic calcification
Definition
Abnormal deposition of calcium when tissue is healthy but serum calcium levels are elevated
Term
Necrosis
Definition
Spectrum or morphological changes that follow cell death in living tissue.
-irreversible
-often associated w. inflam response.
Term
Organisation
Definition
part of the repair process following injury - ingrowth of new vessels and fibroblasts into a fibrin meshwork, leading to the formulation of GRANULATION TISSUE then FIBROUS TISSUE
Term
Pyogranulomatous
Definition
inflam reaction comprisinf infiltrate of neutophils amd macrophages, often w. PCs,
Term
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROIs)
Definition
Oxygen free radicals which can damage lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Term
Thrombus
Definition
Temporary patch on damaged b.v. wall composed of fibrin and platelets
-result of haemostasis
Term
Thrombosis
Definition
Pathological clotting in CVS i.e. thrombi form inappropriately in b.v.
Term
Transudate
Definition
extravascular fluid with LOW protein content and LOW specific gravity
Results from incr. fluid pressures or dec. colloid oncotic forces in plasma
Term
Ulceration
Definition
local defect / excavation on surface of an organ or tisse due to sloughing of necrotic tissue
-incl. loss of epithelium and breach of BM
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