Term
| What is the negative effect of Mutation? |
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Definition
| Mutations cause disease and disorder in humans and many other species. It restricts what you can do in life. |
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| What is different because of Mutation? |
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Definition
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Definition
A serious disorder where the body makes crescent shaped red blood cells that tend to clump and get stuck in blood vessels.
-People with this disease are born with 2 sickle-cell genes (one from each parent). |
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Definition
An inheritted disease that causes think, stick mucus build up in the lungs and digestive tract.
-Causes lung infections that can kill you.
-Must have 2 defective genes. |
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Definition
A rare condition in which a baby is born without teh ability to properly break down and amino acid called phenylalanine. ->Found in foods that contain protein.
- harmful to the nervous system and causes brain damage. |
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Term
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Definition
The appearance of the chromosomal makeup of a comatic cell in an individual.
(Picture of a persons chromosomes) |
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Term
| Karyotype of Down's syndrome |
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Definition
| A chromosome condition caused by the presence of all or part of an extra 21st chromosome. |
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Term
| Symptoms of Down's Syndrome |
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Definition
Causes delays in the way a child developes mentally and physically.
-flat facial profile, slanted eyes, small ears, low muscle tone, grows slower |
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Term
| Karyotype of Turner's Syndrome |
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Definition
| Girls born with only one X chromosome, or missing part of an X chromosome. |
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Term
| Symptoms of Turner's Syndrome |
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Definition
-Short height, prevents ovaries from developing properly (If not treated, can leave the child infertile)
-Kidney problems, high blood pressure, overweight, hearing problems, and diabetes. |
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Term
| Karyotype of Klinefelter's Syndrome |
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Definition
| When males have an extrea X chromosome (XXY) |
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Term
| Symptoms of Klinefelter's Syndrome |
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Definition
| Can affect physical developement, language developement, and social developement. |
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Term
| What is deletion mutation? |
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Definition
When a base is removed from the DNA sequence.
EX: ABC.EFG --> AC.EFG |
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Term
| What is insertion mutation? |
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Definition
When one base is inderted to a DNA sequence.
EX: ABCD.EFG --> ABCD.EFGH |
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Term
| What is substitution mutation? |
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Definition
When one base is changed to another.
EX: ABC.EDF --> ABZ.EDF |
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Term
| What are Jumping Genes? (Transposons) |
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Definition
Sequences of DNA that can move around to different positions within the genome of a single cell.
EX: AB.C'DE'FG --> A'DE'B.CFG |
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Term
| What are some environmental hazards that can cause mutations? |
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Definition
1) Solar Radiation
2) Nuclear Radiation
3) Solvents (disolve things)
4) Acids and Bases |
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Term
| What is Meiosis? (Starts and ends with?) |
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Definition
2 cell divisions that produce reproductive cells.
STARTS:One parent cell (diploid)
ENDS:Four daughter cells (haploid) |
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Term
| Possible sources of Genetic Variation (5) |
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Definition
*1)Gene Shuffling (independent assortment)
2)Crossing over
*3)Mutations
4)Genetic Drift/Flow (immigration & Emmigration)
5)Epigenetic factors |
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Definition
| Chemical factors that can switch on and off in DNA |
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Definition
| Jerky movement, no speech, always smiling |
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Definition
| Floppy at birth, big appetite. |
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Term
| Highest percentage of A allele found? |
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Definition
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Term
| Most of B allele found in? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Surface proteins thatcan act as cellular ID |
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Definition
| Chromosomes that are NOT sex chromosomes |
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Term
| Cells often used for karyotyping? |
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Definition
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