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GEOL_Practice Exam 1 questions
Gail Hallaway: Minerals and Igneous Rocks Units
34
Geology
Undergraduate 1
02/08/2010

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Term
The portion of the earth completely liquid
Definition
Outer Core
Term
During the process of differentiation, a magma source:
Definition
Sillicon and oxygen
Term
an element has 6 protons and 8 neutrons, this element has an atomic number of______ and an atomic mass of_______.
Definition
atomic number 6, atomic mass 14
Term
The most common volcanic gas is
Definition
water vapor/ steam
Term
you should be the most likely to observe a stratovolcano at 
Definition
a convergent ocean-continent boundary 
Term

Minerals that have the same chemistry but different bonding, such as diamond and graphite are called

 

Definition
polymorphs
Term
Heat transfer responsible for the motion of the plates occurs due to 
Definition
Convection
Term
Which type of plate boundary exists along the san Andrea's fault
Definition
transform
Term
Which of the following boundaries is constantly creating new oceanic crust
Definition
Divergent
Term
Igneous rocks that form underground will
Definition
cool slowly and have large crystals
Term
Which one describes the characteristics of the interiors core of the earth
Definition

Very hot

Lots of pressure

Very high density

Term
Volcanic eruptions of_____ composition tend to be the most explosive 
Definition
Felsic
Term
The two most common elements, which make up over 75%
Definition
Oxygen and Silicon
Term
Which type of the magma forms at the highest temperatures 
Definition
mafic
Term
T/F: A theory can be proven incorrect when new technology becomes available.
Definition
True
Term
T/F: The crystal size of an igneous rock directly reflects how quickly the rock cooled.
Definition
True
Term
T/F: The crust and mantle are differentiated from one another based on chemical differences
Definition
False
Term
T/F:The oceanic crust is generally thinner and denser than the continental crust.
Definition
True
Term
T/F: Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
Definition
True
Term
T/F: The core is a high density area(11-14 gg) composed of iron and nickel.
Definition
True
Term
T/F: Obsidian and basalt are two basic examples of extrusive igneous rocks. 
Definition
True
Term
T/F:
Definition
Term
T/F:
Definition
Term
T/F: The plates of plate tectonics slide along a partially molten layer within the upper mantle that is called the asthenosphere.
Definition
True.
Term
T/F: Felsic magmas contain higher temperature minerals then do mafic magmas
Definition
False
Term
Silicate Minerals
Definition
Most common type of minerals; all have building block of the silicate tetrahedral
Term
Carbonate minerals
Definition
the GROUP of minerals all have a building block of CO3
Term
Oxide minerals
Definition
This GROUP of minerals all have oxygen as a building block
Term
Pyroclastic/Ash flow
Definition
Gas-saturated, very high temperature bodies that move down slope at velocities greater than 100 km/hr
Term
Lava flow
Definition
Molten rock on the earths surface; tends to follow valleys
Term
Lahar/Mud flow
Definition
ash-rich flood maters that course through the valleys at high speeds 
Term
Ash fall
Definition
Falls at equal thickness over very wide area; affects largest area
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