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Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA
42
Agriculture
2nd Grade
02/03/2013

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Cards

Term
Optic neuropathy
Definition
Glaucoma
Term
1st line glaucoma treatment
Definition
beta blockers, prostaglandin analogs, brimonidine, topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Term
2nd line glaucoma treatment
Definition
pilocarpine, apraclonidine
Term
3rd line glaucoma treatment
Definition
carbachol, oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, echothiophate
Term
beta blockers
Definition
betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol, metipranolol, timolol
Term
beta blockers mechanism
Definition
decrease production of aqueous humor
Term
Beta blockers cautions
Definition
systemic absorption, pulmonary (asthma, COPD), CV (bradycardia, congestive heart failure), diabetes
Term
Beta blockers systemic side effects
Definition
bronchospasm, CHF, bradycardia, hypotension, depression, lethargy, sexual dysfunction, increased cholesterol and triglycerides, mask hypoglycemia symptoms and reduced glucose tolerance in pts with diabetes
Term
Beta Blockers Ocular Side effects
Definition
stinging, dry eyes, blepharitis
Term
Beta Blockers (ocular) interactions
Definition
oral beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, quinidine
Term
Synthetic prostaglandin F2alpha analogue
Definition
Latanoprost, Tafluprost, Travoprost
Term
Synthetic prostamide analogue
Definition
Bimatoprost
Term
Synthetic docosanoid
Definition
Unoprostone
Term
increased uveoscleral outflow; increased trabecular outflow
Definition
Prostaglandin Analogues
Term
Prostaglandin Analogues
Definition
1st line; reduce IOP 25-35%
Term
Prostaglandin Analogues Cautions
Definition
hypersensitivity, macular edema, ocular inflammation, preganancy
Term
ocular side effects (prostaglandin analogues)
Definition
hyperemia, darkening pigment, eyelash lengthening/thickening
Term
Bimatoprost (latisse, Allergan) Common ADRs
Definition
Eye pruritus, conjunctival hyperemia, skin hyperpigmentation
Term
Adrenergic Agonists- Selective
Definition
Apraclonide, Brimonidine
Term
Brimonidine
Definition
first line- reduces IOP 18-27% at peak and 10% at 8-12 hours
Term
Brimonidine Cautions
Definition
Angle closure
Term
Brimonidine Systemic side effects
Definition
lethargy, dry mouth/nose, reduced blood pressure
Term
Brimonidine Ocular side effects
Definition
eye redness, stinging
Term
Apraclonidine cautions/SE
Definition
tachyphylaxis and ocular allergy
Term
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Definition
Brinzolamide, Dorzolamide and Timiolol
Term
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Definition
First line; reduce IOP 15-26%
Term
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors cautions
Definition
systemic effects, sulfonamide allergy
Term
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors systemic side effects
Definition
bitter taste, headache, nausea, fatigue
Term
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors ocular side effects
Definition
blurred vision, stinging, ocular allergic reactions
Term
Cholinergic Agonists Direct Acting
Definition
Carbachol and pilocarpine
Term
increased trabecular outflow
Definition
cholinergic agonists direct acting
Term
Pilocarpine
Definition
second line- reduces IOP 20-30%
Term
Cholinergic Agonists Direct Acting Cautions and systemic side effects
Definition
Miosis; headache, salivation, diarrhea, sweating, flushing
Term
Cholinergic Agonists Direct Acting Ocular side effects
Definition
myopia, brow pain, accommodative spasm
Term
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Definition
Echothiophate
Term
increased trabecular outflow
Definition
Echothiophate
Term
Echothiophate cautions
Definition
systemic effects, uveal inflammation, cataracts
Term
echothiophate systemic side effects
Definition
n/v/d, cramps, sweating, salivation, urinary incontinence
Term
echothiophate ocular side effects
Definition
burning, tearing, myopia, cataracts, iris cysts, brow pain, lid muscle twitching, conjunctival and ciliary redness
Term
surgical adjuncts
Definition
5-fluorouracil, Mitomycin (mitosol)
Term
primary open-angle glaucoma symptoms
Definition
usually none, occasionally headache and tired eyes
Term
Drug induced glaucoma
Definition
ophthalmic corticosteroids, systemic corticosteroids, inhaled/intranasal corticosteroids, fenoldopam, ophthalmic anticholinergics
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