Term
| What are the three standards of sustainability? |
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Definition
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Term
| Know at least 3 of the 6 factors that contribute to the creation of a nation. |
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Definition
| Economics, Community, Nongovernmental Organizations (NGO's), Grassroots activism, influences of culture and media |
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Term
| What is globalization? Be able to define it and think of examples of globalization. |
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Definition
Globalization means closer integration of the countries in the world especially the increased level of trade and the movement of capital.
The expansion of global linkages and the organization of social life on a global scale.
Example: Main media conglomerates (Time Warner) own most of the media so their biased opinions influence other countries so they lose their cultural diversities by being influenced by Western cultures because the media only advertise what they want to advertise. |
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Term
| What are the three parts of governance shown in the governance web? |
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Definition
| State, civic organizations and private sector |
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Term
| What was the role of the UN in 1950-1960? Be able to think of a specific example of what the UN did. |
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Definition
UN played a key role in the transition from colonial rule to independence.
Example: UN helped supervise the transition to independence by creating the UN Trusteeship to take care of just the transition from colonies to self dependence. |
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Term
| What was the role of the Un in 1960-1980. Give specific examples of how UN helped. |
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Definition
UN focused on economic improvement of developing countries including employment, industrialization, and international assistance.
Example: The UNDP (UN Development Programme) helped developing countries by recording their economics, government, etc to guide assistance by telling them where they need help by their statistics; figures out what their main problems occur |
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Term
| What was the role of the UN through to 2000? Give specific examples of what the UN did to help. |
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Definition
Goals included improving international literacy, schooling, health, sanitation, and access to fresh and potable water.
Example: UN provided refugee assistance, continuing with development goals |
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Term
| What are three impacts of structural poverty? |
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Definition
| Hunger, diminished health, crime, lack of education, conflict because of competition for diminished resources. |
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Term
| How was economic inequality experienced during the hunter-gatherer/early civilizations period? |
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Definition
| Hunter-gatherer/early civilizations: Raw materials and goods made from them have been redistributed by trade or have been taken by force. Even in the earliest civilizations, distinctions in economic and social class existed and save classes were often established as a common fact of life. |
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Term
| How was economic inequality experienced during the Slavery/colonial era? |
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Definition
| Slavery/colonial era: Economic arrangements such as resource extraction and trade furthered historical inequities. During the end of the fourteenth century, and increasing in scope and intensity during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, colonization resulted in economic benefits for the colonizers but not the colonized. The extraction of natural resources by colonial powers slowed opportunities for the colonized countries to develop sustainable economies and build infrastructure such as water and sanitation facilities, schools, hospitals, and roads. |
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Term
| Understand the quote, "Give a person a fish and they will eat for a day: Teach a person how to fish and they will eat forever." Be able to explain how this quote helps to address the issue of poverty. |
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Definition
| Most people think that if we just literally give the poor money (the fish) that it will fix poverty and end world hunger, but that might be efficient for a short period of time, but it is not sustainable. But if we taught them how to grow food (fish) and used the money to buy them resources to grow food, then they could grow their own food and be sustainable. |
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Term
| Know what the following acronyms stand for and know the roles of each of these organizations... IMF |
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Definition
| IMF (International Monetary Fund): It was established to promote international monetary corporation, economic stability, and orderly exchange arrangements to foster economic growth and high levels of employment and to provide temporary financial aid to countries in need. The IMF addresses these goals by monitoring countries’ economic activities and lending money to nations to enable conditions for strong economic growth. |
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Term
| Know what the following acronyms stand for and know the roles of each of these organizations... WB |
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Definition
WB (World Bank): Is another international financial organization that makes loans to developing countries. It is a specialized agency of the United Nations that provides loans, policy advice, technical assistance, and information to low- and middle- income countries in order to reduce poverty and improve living standards (includes microcredit loans, raising AIDS awareness, supporting education of girls and improving health-care delivery.)
Is more broader than IMF |
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Term
| Know what the following acronyms stand for and know the roles of each of these organizations... WTO |
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Definition
WTO (World Trade Organization): It is the center of controversy over globalized trade. It was created to oversee a wide range of trade agreements and rules between nations. The WTO is the primary international body that helps promote free and open trade between nations.
People think it's promoting the issue of globalization because they're trying to break the barrier over trade so developed countries basically use the sources in developing countries (example: oil mining) |
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Term
| Know what the following are and give a real life example for each (does not need to be current and there can be no repeats). |
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Definition
Interstate war: Interstate wars occur between countries
Example: Iraqi War (United States and Iraq)
Intrastate/civil war: Wars that occur within countries between antagonists with particular political, religious, or ethnic differences.
Example: American Civil War
Genocide: Planned, systematic extermination of an entire ethnic, national, political, or religious population.
Example: Palestinian genocide by Israeli Jews
Ethnic cleansing: Ethnic cleansing is a term sometimes used to describe a program of genocide carried out by one ethnic group against another.
Example: Armenians in Turkey in 1915-1918 |
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Term
| Know at least 3 of the 7 root causes of conflict. Be able to think how those relate to your real life examples of conflict that would be in your answer above. |
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Definition
Resource scarcity: Wars are usually fought over water supplies, farmland, forests, fisheries, or valuable commodities including coffee, diamonds, gold, oil, etc.
Example: Since we are running out of water supply as global warming comes, there will be a war fighting over food, water and oil as our resources start to cease.
Ineffective governance: When a country has a weak and ineffective governance
Example: Most developing countries with a bad government are more prone to bad situations. Such as the case in Somalia, where warlords were the primary power brokers. In this impoverished country that lacks effective governance, these warlords rule by force.
High population growth and density: High population growth and density lead to resource depletion, scarcity, and environmental degradation.
Example: An example of a problem from a high fertility rate was in Rwanda. There was overpopulation and the resources (food and water) couldn’t meet the demands of the overpopulation of people. This resource scarcity led to the genocide. |
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Term
| Know and be able to explain 3 of the 7 strategies for peace. |
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Definition
Postconflict opportunities: The period following violent conflicts offers and opportunity for the international community to become peacekeepers by helping to rebuild societies impacted by war and remove the causes of future wars. Steps in this process include removing arms available, negotiating treaties, etc.
International Debt Relief: Another strategy to address conflict is to give debt relief for developing countries. This enables poorer countries to devote more resources to health care, education and the provision of adequate food and fresh water-key elements for avoiding conflict and building peace.
Universal Primary Education and Adult Literacy: This (especially for kids and women) can reduce conflict by fueling economic development, help stabilizing population growth, and increasing civic participation. |
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Term
| Be familiar with the Seeds of Peace Camp. |
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Definition
| Seeds of Peace Camp is a nonprofit, nonpolitical organization that provides teenagers from areas of conflict around the world with the leadership skills to promote coexistence and peace. |
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