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Global Vocab Review
N/A
57
Other
9th Grade
06/13/2011

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Term
Absolutism
Definition
a form of government in which all power is vested in a single ruler or authority
Term
Analects 
Definition
a collection of moral and ethical principles enunciated by Confucius
Term
Animism
Definition
the belief that spirits are present in animals, plants, and other natural objects
Term
Anti-semitism
Definition
prejudice against jews
Term
Aqueduct
Definition
a pipeline or channel built to carry water into populated areas
Term
Arable Land 
Definition
land that is suitable for farming
Term
Archipelago
Definition
a group of islands
Term
Aristocracy
Definition
a government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility
Term
Astrolabe 
Definition
an early instrument used to measure the altitude of the sun or other celestial bodies
Term
Barter
Definition
a form of trade in which people exchange goods and services without the use of money
Term
Bubonic Plague
Definition
a deadly disease that spread across Asia and Europe in the mid-14th century, killing millions of people
Term
bureaucracy
Definition
a system of departments and agencies formed to carry out the work of government
Term
Bushido
Definition
the strict code of behavior followed by the samurai warriors of Japan
Term
Capitalism
Definition
an economic system based on private ownership and on the investment of money in business ventures in order to make a profit
Term
Cash Crop
Definition
a crop, such as tobacco, grown for direct sales rather than for livestock feed
Term
Caste System
Definition
social system of the Aryans who settled in India, consisted of priests, warriors, peasants or traders, and non-Aryan laborers or craftsmen
Term
Chivalry
Definition
a code of behavior for knights in Medieval Europe, stressing ideas such as courage, loyalty and devotion
Term
City-State
Definition
a city and its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit
Term
Civilization
Definition
a form of culture characterized by cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping and advanced technology
Term
Codified Laws
Definition

systematically collected and written down laws

ex./Code of Hammurabi

Torah, Bible, Qu'ran

Code of Justinian

Term
Columbian Exchange
Definition
the global transfer of plants, animals and diseases that occured during the European colonization of the Americas
Term
Commercial Revolution
Definition
the expansion of trade and business that transformed European economies during the 16th and 17th centuries
Term
Common Law
Definition
a unified body of law formed from rulers of England's royal judges that serves as a basis for law in many english-speaking countries in modern times
Term
Conquistador
Definition
a conqueror, especially one of the 16th century spanish soldiers who defeated the Indian civilizations of Mexico, Central America, or Peru
Term
Crusades
Definition
one of the expeditions in which medieval christian warriors sought to recover control of the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from the Muslims
Term
Cultural Diffusion
Definition
the spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another
Term
Culture
Definition
a people's unique way of life, as shown by its tools, customs, arts and ideas
Term
Cuneiform
Definition
a system of writing with wedge-shaped symbols, invented by the Sumerians around 3000 B.C.E.
Term
Daimyo
Definition
a Japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai; commonly more powerful than the shogun
Term
Deforestation
Definition
the removal of trees
Term
Desert
Definition
A dry, often sandy region of little rainfall, extreme temperatures and sparse vegetation
Term
Desertification
Definition
the process of becoming a desert
Term
Dharma
Definition
(HINDUISM) an individual's duty fulfilled by observance of custom or law
Term
Direct Democracy
Definition
a government controlled directly by its citizens
Term
Diversity
Definition
the condition of having or being composed of differing elements
Term
Divine Right
Definition
the idea that monarchs are god's representatives on earth and therefore answerable to god
Term
Dynasty
Definition
a series of rulers from a single family
Term
Eightfold Path
Definition
(BUDDHISM) the method of spiritual attainment outlined in Buddha's sermons on the Four Noble Truths
Term
Empire
Definition
a political unit in which a number of peoples or countries are controlled by a single ruler
Term
Encomienda
Definition
a grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it
Term
Enlightened Despot
Definition
one of the 18th century European monarchs who was inspired by Enlightenment ideas to rule justly and respect the rights of subjects
Term
Enlightenment
Definition
an 18th century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society
Term
Ethnocentric
Definition
belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group
Term
Excommunicate
Definition
the taking away of a person's right of membership in a Christian Church
Term
Fertile Crescent
Definition
a geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates
Term
Feudalism
Definition
  1. the social system that developed in Europe in the 8th C; vassals were protected by lords who they had to serve in war (during the dark ages)
Term
Filial Piety
Definition
the responsibility of each person to respect their elders
Term
Glorious Revolution
Definition
a revolution of Enlightenment ideas, also known as the bloodless revolution
Term
Gothic
Definition
a style of architecture developed in northern France that spread throughout Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries; characterized by slender vertical piers and counterbalancing buttresses and by vaulting and pointed arches
Term
Guild
Definition
a medieval association of merchants or craftsmen
Term
Heretic
Definition
a baptized member of the Roman Catholic Church who disavows a revealed truth
Term
Humanism
Definition
 the revival of classical letters, individualistic and critical spirit, and emphasis on secular concerns characteristic of the Renaissance
Term
Imperialism
Definition
the actions by which one nation is able to control other usually smaller or weaker nations 
Term
Indirect Democracy
Definition
a form of government in which the citizens vote for representatives that make decisions for them
Term
Isolation
Definition
the state or condition of being isolated
Term
Janissaries
Definition
small, elite group of soldiers from the Ottoman Empire
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