Term
| Classical characteristics |
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Definition
Proper Anatomical proportions
Easy Movements
Figures turn easily in space and communicate with other figures
The representation of space through oblique line and atmospheric perspective
The modeling of light and shadow (chiaroscuro) to give the impression of three dimensionality
Sense of balance in the composition with the focus on the central figure or subject |
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Definition
Attoni family
Allegiance to Florence
Drained swamplands
Improved agriculture
Fostered growth of industry and commerce |
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Definition
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Definition
| guild members (wool makers/merchants, bankers), middle class |
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Definition
| Servants and workers, lower class |
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Definition
| mixing of classical and Byzantine styles |
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Term
| How did Byzantine style spread? |
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Definition
Early religious foundations throughout Italy
Transportable art
Traveling artists
Enamel panels |
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Term
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Definition
Art that is small and portable
Ivory Madonna |
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Term
| Longevity of Byzantine Tradition |
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Definition
With age comes sanctity
Everyone accepted that this was the correct way to do religious art
Master/apprentice tradition fostered imitation rather than inventiveness |
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Term
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Definition
1: Scaffolding
2: Rough Plaster – Arrichio
3: Under drawing – sinopia or freehand
4: Smooth plaster (intonico) in small, workday sections (giornata)
5: Top to bottom
6: Watercolor |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| method of applying under drawing. Pinpricks in paper drawing, blow sinopia dust through holes. More detailed |
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Term
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Definition
1: Wood – tightly grained
2: smooth panel
3: Attach framing
4: Cover with many layers of gesso
5: polish with pumice
6: Linen
7: Gesso
8: Drawing – Charcoal or incision
9: If gold leaf – apply bole, then apply gold. Burnish with agate
Bole – red clay that becomes tacky when re-wetted. Helps gold leaf stick |
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Term
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Definition
Began in N. Europe
1400s
Linseed oil as binding medium
First applied to wood, then canvas became more popular
Luminescent |
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Term
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Definition
Croche di Pinta
Altarpiece |
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Term
| Croche di Pinta (Painted Cross) |
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Definition
2 types
Christus Triumphans (11-1200's; triumphant)
Christus Patiens (1225 – 1230; suffering) |
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Term
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Definition
Antipendium
Dosal
Diptic,triptic, poliptic
Haggeiographic
Madonna |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| sits on top of back edge of altarpiece |
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Term
| Diptych/Polyptic/Etc altarpieces |
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Definition
| Leafed altarpieces (dip = 2, trip = 3, etc) |
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Term
| Haggeographic altarpieces |
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Definition
Feature saints excluding Mary and Christ
Famous example is the St Francis altarpiece (1235) |
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Term
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Definition
Lordly -Frontal, serious
Showing the Way – Slightly turned, gesturing towards Christ child
Loving – More human, mother/child interaction
Nursing – Child suckling her breast |
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Term
| How is church art justified? |
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Definition
| People were smart enough to know they were looking at a material thing that would guide your thinking to a higher and more devotional level |
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Term
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Definition
Arezzo Crucifix (1275)
Fresco in San Francesco of Assisi (1280)
Santa Croche Crucifix (1285)
Santa Trinita Madonna (1285) |
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Term
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Definition
Modena cathedral (1100)
four reliefs – Creation, Confrontation of Adam and Eve, Expulsion and First Labor |
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Term
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Definition
King David 1100
better proportions |
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Term
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Definition
Came from South of Italy
Pisa Baptistry Pulpit
Sienna Cathedral Pulpits
Exterior of Pisa Baptistry (with help from Giovanni) |
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Term
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Definition
Facade of the Siena Cathedral
Half Length Madonna and Child
Madonna and Child of the Arena Chapel
Pistoia Pulpit
Three or four small scale crucifixes made for private devotion
Pisa Cathedral Pulpit
Dismantled Tomb of Margaret of Luxembourg |
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Term
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Definition
| grid system, Roman fortified camp, walls defined square |
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Term
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Definition
| faction supporting the Pope |
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Definition
| faction supporting the Holy Roman Empire |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cracking of painting surface |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Dismantled Tomb of Margaret of Luxembourg |
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Definition
1312
Final documented work |
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
San Vitale mosaic
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Ravenna
6th Century
Flat
Schemetized
Balance, focused on central subject
Italo-Byzantine
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
San Marco Cathedral
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Five domed, equal armed
Marble Veneer
gold backed mosaics featuring narratives
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Paledoro
1345
Enamel
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Cefalu Cathedral
Sicily
12th century
Byzantine mosaics
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Florence Baptistry
1225-1325
Octagonal
Cupula depicts eight scenes
Last Judgment – 3 panels
Creation
Chronology of Adam and Eve to Noah
Stories of Mary and Christ
Life of John the Baptist
Joseph
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Church of San Miniato mosaic
1270
Florence
Similar to Florence scene in Baptistry
St. Miniatus takes place of John the Baptist beside Christ
Christ flanked by evangelist symbols
Italo-Byzantine (symmetry, balance, sense of calm, etc)
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Term
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
[image]
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Coppo di Marcovaldo
First Name in Florentine Art
San Gimignano cross (1265)
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Arezzo Crucifix
1275
Byzanitine style
Christ peels away from throne in a more dramatic way
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Fresco in San Francesco of Assisi
1280
suffering Christ is center of human emotions
St. Francis at foot of cross
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Santa Croche Crucifix
1285
Damaged by flood
More elegant Christ
Softer anatomy
Creepy Loincloth
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Santa Trinita
1285
Come hither look
move towards realism
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Pisa Baptistry Pulpit
1259-1260
Hexagonal
Five Narrative Reliefs
Low relief
Classicism
Lion support figures
Round, trefoil arches
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Sienna Cathedral Pulpit
1265-1268
Nicola disobeyed his contract and spent most of his time in Pisa
Oxagonal
Corner figures, virtues, prophets and saints, lion supports, trefoil arches
Central support features liberal arts
7 reliefs
slightly deeper, elongated proportions
Assisted by his son
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Term
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Definition
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Siena Cathedral Facade
1284-87
Turned building into stage
14 figures
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Half Length Madonna and Child
1280
Psychological Intensity
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Madonna and Child of the Arena Chapel
1305
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Pistoia Pulpit
1297-1301
Lions and humans act as support figures
Deepest relief carving yet
Pointed trefoil arches
hexagonal
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Term
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Definition
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } -->
Pisa Cathedral Pulpit
1302-1311
Anatomical distortions
Almost cubist in style
Not highly polished
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