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C181 WGU
Terms and Basic Concepts
62
Civics
Undergraduate 3
07/01/2017

Additional Civics Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
1st Amendment
Definition
Freedom to of speech, religion, and assembly
Term
2nd Amendment
Definition
Right to bare arms (you've got two arms)
Term
3rd Amendment
Definition
No quartering of troops (3 is a crowd)
Term
4th Amendment
Definition
Protects against unreasonable search and seizure
Term
5th Amendment
Definition
Can't testify against yourself or be tried twice for the same crime (I plea the fifth)
Term
6th Amendment
Definition
Right to a speedy and fair trial (the speedy 6th)
Term
7th Amendment
Definition
Right to trial by jury
Term
8th Amendment
Definition
No excessive bail and no cruel or unusual punishment (8 looks like a pair of sideways handcuffs)
Term
9th Amendment
Definition
Nothing written in the constitution can be used to cancel amendments to it
Term
10th Amendment
Definition
Certain powers are given to the states
Term
11th Amendment
Definition
States cannot be sued by other states or foreign countries
Term
12th Amendment
Definition
Election of the President and Vice President are together, NOT separate (1st and 2nd Ballot)
Term
13th Amendment
Definition
Slavery is ILLEGAL
Term
14th Amendment
Definition
If you were born in the U.S, you are a citizen by law
Term
15th Amendment
Definition
Right to vote cannot be denied due to RACE
Term
16th Amendment
Definition
Federal taxes can be levied.
Term
17th Amendment
Definition
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote
Term
18th Amendment
Definition
Creates prohibition (you're 18, you can't drink yet)
Term
19th Amendment
Definition
Gives women the right to vote
Term
20th Amendment
Definition
The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January
Term
21st Amendment
Definition
Repealing prohibition ( we're finally 21, we can now drink)
Term
22nd Amendment
Definition
Two term limit on presidential governance
Term
23rd Amendment
Definition
D.C residents can vote in presidential elections (23 rhymes with D.C)
Term
24th Amendment
Definition
No poll tax/no tax in order to vote
Term
25th Amendment
Definition
Outlines presidential succession
Term
26th Amendment
Definition
Right to vote given to 18 year olds in 1971
Term
27th Amendment
Definition
Representatives cannot set their own pay
Term
Marbury v. Madison
Definition
Judicial Review: The court may decline an act of Congress void if it is inconsistent with the Constitution
Term
McCullough v. Maryland
Definition
Judicial Review: Maryland tried to impede the operation of the Second Bank. This asserted that National supremacy ultimately trumped state action. National Law > State Law
Term
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Lemon Test
Definition
1st Amendment (Establishment Clause): Government action violates the establishment clause unless it (1) Has a significant non-religious purpose (2) Does not primarily effect or inhibit religion (3) Does not entangle excessive government and religion together
Term
Sherbert v. Verner
Definition
1st Amendment (Exercise Clause): Outlines whether Government restrictions and procedures in the workforce in regards to religion are necessary and lawful.
Term
Sherbert Test
Definition
(1) Government must determine whether a person has claim involving a sincere religious belief (2) Government must also determine whether the implied government action is a substantial burden on the person's ability to act on that belief.
If these two elements are established, then the government just prove (1) That it is acting in furtherance of a "compelling" state interest (2) That it has presued that interest in a manner that is the least restrictive, or at least less bothersome to religion
Term
Tinker v. DeMoines
Definition
1st Amendment (Symbolic Speech): School officials could not censor student speech unless it had been or is distruptive of other student's education

Armbands = Okay to have and wear in school
Term
Citizens United v. Federal Elections Commission
Definition
1st Amendment (Political Speech): Law now prevents corporations and unions from using their general treasury funds for independent "political advertising", because it violates the freedom of speech
Term
District of Colombia v. Heller
Definition
2nd Amendment: The 2nd Amendment protects an individuals rights to possess a firearm unconnected with service in the militia, and to use it for things such as self defense
Term
McDonald v. City of Chicago
Definition
2nd Amendment: Protesters were upset that a ban against firearms was in place. Law now states that federal, state, and local governments cannot be denied the use of firearms
Term
Mapp v. Ohio
Definition
4th Amendment: Evidence obtained through the use of unlawful search and seizure may not be used in court cases.
Term
Miranda v. Arizona
Definition
5th and 6th Amendment: Only statements taken in the presence of a lawyer or waived by the defendant can be used in the courtroom
Term
Griswold v. Connecticut
Definition
9th Amendement: Ruled that the state's ban on the use of contraceptives violated the right to privacy
Term
Roe v. Wade
Definition
9th Amendment: Ruled that the right to privacy under the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment extended to a woman's decision to have an abortion
Term
Lawrence v. Texas
Definition
9th Amendment: Ruled that state laws banning homosexual intercourse or activity, are unconstitutional and violated the individual's right to privacy
Term
Plessy v. Ferguson
Definition
14th Amendment: Ruled that the segregation of public facilities is unconstitutional
Term
Brown v. Board of Education
Definition
14th Amendment: Segregation implies inequality and that is considered to be unconstitutional
Term
Regents of University of California v. Bakke
Definition
14th Amendment: It's unconstitutional to use racial quotas in universities for admissions. Although, affirmative action programs may, at times, use them
Term
Executive Branch
Definition
Law enforcing branch of government
Term
Judicial Branch
Definition
Determines if laws are constitutional and can be signed into law
Term
Legislative Branch
Definition
Branch that makes laws

(1) congress (2) houses (1) senate
Term
Supremacy Clause
Definition
National Law trumps state and local law when in conflict
Term
Free Exercise Clause
Definition
No government interference with religion
Term
Establishment Clause
Definition
Government can't establish a religion
Term
Affirmative Action
Definition
Anything that boosts opportunity for women and minorities
Term
Due Process
Definition
Is a safeguard from arbitrary denial of life, liberty, or property by the Government outside the sanction of law
Term
Civil Liberties
Definition
Governtment can't DO to you or TAKE from you
Term
Civil Rights
Definition
Government has to PROVIDE for you
Term
Socialism
Definition
A lot of government intervention
Term
Laissez-Faire
Definition
No government intervention
Term
Communism
Definition
Total government intervention
Term
Capitalism
Definition
Some/little government intervention
Term
Conservatives Favor
Definition
(1) Social Order
(2) Economic Freedom
(3) Equality
Term
Libertarians Favor
Definition
(1) Social & Economic Freedom
(2) Order in terms of security
(3) Equality
Term
Liberals Favor
Definition
(1) Social & Economic Equality
(2) Social Freedom
(3) Order
Term
Communitarians Favor
Definition
(1) Social Order
(2) Economic Equality
(3) Freedom
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