Term
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Definition
| determining the patency of the radial and ulnar arteries by compressing one artery site and observing return of skin color as evidence of patency of the other artery |
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Term
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Definition
| defect or sac from dilated artery wall due to atherosclerosis, trauma, or congenital defect |
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Term
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Definition
| variation from the heart's normal rhtyhm |
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Term
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Definition
| thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls |
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Term
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Definition
| plaque of fatty deposits formed in the inner layer (intima) of the arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| slow heart rate, > 50 beats per min in an adult |
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Term
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Definition
| blowing, swooshing heard through a stethoscope when an artery is partially occluded |
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Term
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Definition
| dusky blue mottling of the skn and mucous membranes due to excessive amount of reduced hemoglobin in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| calf pain that occurs when the foot is sharply dorsiflexed and may occur with dvt, phlebitis, achiles tendimitis, or muscle injury |
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Term
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Definition
| deficiency of arterial blood to a body part due to constriction or obstruction of the blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| swelling of extremetities due to obstructed lymph channel, non pitting |
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Term
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Definition
| small oval clumps of lymphatic tissue located at grouped intercals long lymphatic vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| indentation left after examiner depresses the skin over swollen edematous tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| viewing of the finger from the side to detect early clubbing |
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Term
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Definition
| pressure wave created by each heartbeat, palpable at the body sites where teh artery lie close to the skin and over a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| regular ehythm but force of pulse caries with alternating beats of large and small amplitude |
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Term
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Definition
| irregular rhythm everyother beat is premature, premature beats have weakened amplitude |
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Term
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Definition
| beats have weaker amplitude with respiratory inspiration, stronger with expiration |
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Term
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Definition
| the ehart's pumping phase |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid heart rate, > 90 beats oer minute in adult |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the vein associated with thrombus formation |
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Term
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Definition
| open skin lesion extenfing into dermis with sloughin of necrotic inflammatory tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| dilated tortuous veins with incompetent valves |
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Term
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Definition
| the function of the arteries is to |
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Term
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Definition
| where there is a complete blockage is leads to |
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Term
| insufficient supply and ischemia may be present only at excercise |
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Definition
| when there is partial blockage it creates an |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| deep veins in the leg run alongside the deep artieries and conduct most of the ___--from the legs |
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Term
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Definition
femoral and popliteal veins are
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Term
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Definition
great and small saphenous veins are
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Term
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Definition
| low pressure system and they drain deoxygenated bloof and its waste products from the tissues and returns to the heart |
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Term
| one way towards the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| calf pump or peripheral heart |
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Definition
| when walkking the calf muscles alternately contract (systole) and relax (diastole). In the contraction phase the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles squeeze the veins and directt he blood flow just one way toward the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| venous structure differs from arterial structure because venous pressure is _________ and the veins are __----than arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| veins do have larger_______-and are more __________---because they can expand and hold more blood volume when it increases which is a compensatory mechanism to reduce stress on the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| because veins can stretch they are called |
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Term
| contracting skelet muscles, competent valves in the veins, and a patent lumen |
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Definition
| efficient venous return depends on _______________. if there are any problems in any of these three it can lead to venous stasis |
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Term
| prolong sit, sleep, stand, hypercoaguable states and vein all trauma |
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Definition
| people who are at risk for venous disease are people who ____________-because they do not benefit from the milking action from walking |
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Term
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Definition
| dilated and tortourous (varicose) veins create____----which increases pressure and further dilates the vein. |
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Term
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Definition
| ompletely separated vessel system that retrieves excess fluid from the tissue spaces and returns it to the blood stream |
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Term
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Definition
without lymphatic drainage fluid would build up and produce
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Term
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Definition
| empties intos the right subclavian vein and drains the right side of the head, neck, right arm, right side of the thorax, right lung anf pleura,right side of the heart, and upper section of the liver |
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Term
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Definition
| drains the rest of the body in the left subclavical vein |
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Term
| functions of the lymphatic system |
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Definition
1) conserve fluid and plasma proteins that leak out of the capillaries
2) to form a major part of the immune system that defends against disease
3) absorb lipids from the intestinal tract |
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Term
| skeletal muscles, pressure changes secondary to breathing, annd by contraction of the vessel walls themselves |
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Definition
Lymph nodes are propelled by contracting
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Term
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Definition
| nodes __________-the fluid before it is returned to the blood sream and filter out microorganisms that are harmful to the body |
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Term
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Definition
| these nodes drain the head and neck |
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Term
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Definition
| these nodes drain breast and upper arm |
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Term
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Definition
| this is in the antecubital fossa and drains the hand and lower arm |
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Term
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Definition
| nodes in the groin drains most of the lymph of the lower extremeity, the external genitalia, and anterior abdominal wall |
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Term
| spleen, tonsils, and thymus |
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Definition
| what aids the lymphatic system |
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Term
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Definition
this is in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen and has four functions:
1)destroys old RBS
2) produce antibodies
3)store RBCs
4)filter microorganisms from the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| (pharyngeal, palatine, and lingual) responds to local inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
| flat, pinkgray gland in the superior mediastinum and it relatively large in fetus and young child and atrophies after puberty and atrophies after puberty, it develops t lymphocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| lymph nodes are relatively large and palpable in |
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Term
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Definition
| enlarge tonsils indicates |
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Term
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Definition
| in pregnant woman hormonal causes _____________which result a drop in BP. because of the uterus it caused low blood flow and increases venous pressure which turns to dependent edema, variscosities in the legs and vulva, and hemmoroids |
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Term
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Definition
| in the aging adult the peripheral blood vessels grow more rigid which causes __________ a condtion that rises systolic BP |
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Term
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Definition
| this group produces enlargement of the intramuscular calf veins. with prolonges besrets, immobility, and heart failure it increases their risks of DVT and subsequent pulmonary embolism whic are comming in aging also with malignancy and myocardial infarction |
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Term
| low dose anticoagulant meds |
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Definition
| this medication reduces the risk for venous thromboembolism |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of blocks walked or stairs climbed to produce pain |
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Term
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Definition
| night leg pain is common in ___--, which may indicate ischemic rest pain of Peripheral vascular disease, severe night crampibng (calf) , or restless leg syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| theres pain in musculoskeletal rather than |
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Term
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Definition
| aortoiliac occlusion is association with |
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Term
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Definition
| coolness of the skin is associated with |
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Term
| chronic arterial and chronic venous disease |
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Definition
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Term
| heart failure; obstruction or inflammation |
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Definition
| edema is bilateral when the cause is generalized such as _________. Edema isthere is a local unilateral when |
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Term
| infection, malignancies, and immunologic disease |
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Definition
| enlarged lymph nodes occur with |
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Term
| 22 celcuis or 72 fahrenheight and dratfless |
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Definition
| room temperature should be __________________-to prevent vasodilation and vasoconstriction |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| congenital cyanotic heart disease and corpulmonale |
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Definition
| flattening and clubbing of nails occurs with |
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Term
| vasoconstriction or decrease CO (hypovolemia, heart failure, shock) |
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Definition
| capillary refill lasting more than 1 or 2 seconds signifies ___________-the hand are cold clammy and pale |
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Term
| lymphatic drainage is obstructed which may occur after breast surgery |
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Definition
| edema of the upper extrememtieis occurs when |
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Term
| hyperkinetic states (excercise, anxiety, fever) , anemia, and hyperthyroidism |
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Definition
| full bounding (3+) occurs with |
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Term
| shock and peripheral arterial disease |
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Definition
| weak thready pulses (1+) occurs with |
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Term
| shaking hand with the person and then reaching your other hand undert he persons elbow above the medial epicondyle, but suually these nodes are not palpable |
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Definition
| when checking for the epitrochlear lymph nodes you do this by |
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Term
| infection of the hand or forearm |
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Definition
| when the epitrochlear nodes are enlarged it is associated with |
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Term
| lymphadenopathy: lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, sarcoidoisis, chronic infection, and mononucleosis |
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Definition
| epitrochlear nodes occur in conditions of generalized |
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Term
| radial and ulnar artieris |
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Definition
| with the allen test you would occlude both the_______________-while the person makes a fist several of times which causes their hand to blanch. then ask them to open their hand and release the pressure of the ulnar artery only. color should c ome in 2 to 5 seconds |
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Term
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Definition
| this is much mjore reliable than the allen test and it gives a quantifiable measurement of blood flow that is recordable and reproducible. It is a small flat probe taped to the palm at the end of the patient's index finger |
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Term
| occlusion of collateral arterial flow |
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Definition
| when there is no blood return in the allen test it suggest a |
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Term
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Definition
| malnutrition, pallor, and coolness occurs with |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| brown discolration occurs with |
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Term
| tips of toes, metatarsal heads, and lateral malleoli |
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Definition
| with arterial deficit ulcers occurs in the feet on |
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Term
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Definition
| when there is a unilateral cool foot or leg or sudden temperature drop as you move down the leg |
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Term
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Definition
| so if the femoral pulse site is diminsihed or weakened you must auscultate for a |
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Term
| hard to find, but not both on the same foot |
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Definition
| occassionally with older than 45 years, the dorsalis pedis or the posterior tibial pulse may be |
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Term
| standing all day or is pregnant |
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Definition
| it is only common to see pitting if the person has been |
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Term
| heart failure, diabetic neuropathy, and hepatic cirrhosis |
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Definition
| bilateral dependent pitting edema occurs with |
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Term
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Definition
| mild pitting, slight indentation, no perceptile swelling of the leg |
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Term
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Definition
| moderate pitting, indentation subsides rapidly |
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Term
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Definition
| deep pitting, indentation remains for a short time, leg looks swollen |
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Term
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Definition
| very deep pitting, indentation last long time , leg is grossly swollen and distorted |
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Term
| lymphatic obstruction and is brawny or nonpitting and feels hard to touch |
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Definition
| unilateral or bilateral edema occurs with |
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Term
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Definition
| variscosities occurs in the |
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Term
| standing to determine if valves are compentent |
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Definition
| test the person with varicose veins while |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 30 cm and wag the feet for 30 seconds |
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Definition
| if you suspect an arterial deficit raise the legs about |
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Term
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Definition
| color to return to the feet should _________---and superficial veins to refill should be |
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Term
| severe arterial insufficiency |
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Definition
| dependent rubor (deeo blur-red color), motor loss sensory loss, elevational pallor occurs with |
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Term
| doppler ultrasonic sthethoscope |
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Definition
| this detects a weak peripheral pulse, monitors BP in infants or children, measures a low blood pressure or bp in a lower extremeity. It magnifies ulsatile sounds from the heart and blood vesssels. position the person supine with the legs externally rotated. place gel, place transducer on site at 90 degree angle you hear a swooshing, whoosing sound |
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Term
| brachial pressure thus a normal ABI is usually 1.0 or 1.2 |
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Definition
| the normal ankle pressur e is slightly greater or equal to the |
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Term
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Definition
| expect bilateral edema in lower extremities especially end of theday and into the third trimester, also varicose veions are common in third trimester |
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Term
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Definition
| dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulse may be more difficult to find, trophic changes associated with arterial insufficiency such as thing, shinny skin, thick rigied nails, loss of hair on lower legs are common |
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Term
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Definition
| generalized edema and hypertension: BAD!!!! |
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Term
| perpiheral arterial disease |
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Definition
| an ABI of .90 or less indicated |
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Term
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Definition
.90 to .70 is moderate to severe claudication
.40 to .30 is severe claudication
<.30 is ischemia with imnpending loss tissue |
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