Term
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Definition
Ilium (upper two-fifths)
Ischium (posterior & lower two-fifths)
Pubis (anterior & lower one-fifth)
Sacrum
Coccyx
Femur |
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Term
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Definition
Symphysis pubis
Sacroiliac
Acetabular-femoral joint |
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Term
| Anterior muscles of hip joint & pelvic girdle |
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Definition
Iliopsoas
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Pectineus |
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Term
| Posterior muscles of hip joint & pelvic girdle |
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Definition
Gluteus maximus
Hamstring muscles - semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris |
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Term
| Lateral muscles of hip joint & pelvic girdle |
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Definition
External rotator muscles
Tensor fascia latae
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus |
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Term
| Medial muscles of hip joint & pelvic girdle |
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Definition
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis |
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Term
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Definition
Psoas muscle (psoas major & psoas minor)
Iliacus muscle |
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Term
| Primary action of iliopsoas |
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Definition
Flexion
External rotation |
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Term
| Strength exercises for iliopsoas |
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Definition
Lying leg raises (lower back stress)
Hanging leg raises |
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Term
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Definition
Lower borders of transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae 1-5 (psoas major & minor)
Inner surface of the ilium (iliacus)
Sides of the bodies of the last thoracic (T12), all the lumbar vertebrae (L1-5), intervertebral fibrocartilages, & base of sacrum (psoas major & minor) |
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Term
|
Definition
Lesser trochanter of femur & shaft just below (iliacus & psoas major(
Pectineal line & iliopectineal eminence (psoas minor) |
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Term
| Primary actions of sartorius |
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Definition
Hip flexion
External rotation
Weak knee flexion |
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Term
| Strength exercises for sartorius |
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Definition
Lying leg raises (lower back stress)
Hanging leg raises
Knee extension (indirect) |
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Term
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Definition
| Anterior superior iliac spine & notch just below spine of ilium |
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Term
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Definition
| Anterior medial condyle of tibia |
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Term
| Primary actions of rectus femoris |
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Definition
Hip flexion
Knee extension |
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Term
| Strength exercises for rectus femoris |
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Definition
Knee extension
Squat
Press |
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Term
|
Definition
Anterior inferior iliac spine
Groove (posterior) above acetabulum |
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Term
| Insertion of rectus femoris |
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Definition
| Superior aspect of the patella & patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity |
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Term
| Primary actions of pectineus |
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Definition
Adduction
Flexion
Internal rotation |
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Term
| Strength exercises for pectineus |
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Definition
Hanging leg raises
Adduction against resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| Space 1 inch wide on front of pubis above crest |
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Term
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Definition
| Rough line leading from lesser tronchanter to linea aspera |
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Term
| Primary action of gluteus maximus |
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Definition
Extension
External rotation |
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Term
| Strength exercises for gluteus maximus |
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Definition
Squat or press (full)
Deadlift
Hip extension
Weak adduction (lower fibers) |
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Term
| Origin of gluteus maximus |
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Definition
| Posterior one-fourth of the crest of ilium, posterior surface of the sacrum & coccyx near the ilium, & fascia of lumbar area |
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Term
| Insertion of gluteus maximus |
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Definition
| Oblique ridge on lateral surface of greater trochanter & iliotibial band of fascia latae |
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Term
|
Definition
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris |
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Term
| Primary action of semitendinosus |
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Definition
Hip extension
Hip internal rotation
Knee flexion
Knee internal rotation |
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Term
| Strength exercises for semitendinosus |
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Definition
Knee flexion (leg curls) with knee internally rotated
Straight-leg deadlift |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Insertion of semitendinosus |
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Definition
| Upper anterior medial surface of tibia |
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Term
| Primary action of semimembranosus |
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Definition
Hip extension
Hip internal rotation
Knee flexion
Knee internal rotation |
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Term
| Strength exercises for semimembranosus |
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Definition
| Knee flexion (leg curls) with knee internally rotated |
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Term
| Origin of semimembranosus |
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Definition
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Term
| Insertion of semimembranosus |
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Definition
| Posteromedial surface of the medial tibial condyle |
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Term
| Primary actions of biceps femoris |
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Definition
Hip external rotation
Hip extension
Knee flexion
External rotation of knee |
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Term
| Strength exercises for biceps femoris |
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Definition
Knee flexion (leg curls) with knee externally rotated
Straight-leg deadlift |
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Term
|
Definition
Ischial tuberosity
Lower half of linea aspera, lateral condyloid ridge |
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Term
| Insertion of biceps femoris |
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Definition
| Lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibula |
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Term
|
Definition
Piriformis
Gemellus superior
Gemellus inferior
Obturator externus
Obturator internus
Quadratus femoris |
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Term
| Primary action of external rotator muscles |
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Definition
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Term
| Strength exercises for external rotator muscles |
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Definition
Transverse rotation
Important in throwing a ball & swinging a bat |
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Term
| Origin of external rotator muscles |
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Definition
| Sacrum, posterior portions of ischium, & obturator foramen |
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Term
| Insertion of external rotator muscles |
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Definition
| Greater trochanter & posterior aspect of greater trochanter |
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Term
| Primary actions of tensor fasciae latae |
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Definition
Hip flexion
Hip abduction |
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Term
| Strength exercises for tensor fasciae latae |
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Definition
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Term
| Origin of tensor fasciae latae |
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Definition
| Anterior iliac crest & surface of ilium just below crest |
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Term
| Insertion of tensor fasciae latae |
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Definition
| One-fourth of way down thigh into iliotibial tract, which in turn inserts onto Gerdy's tubercle of anterolateral tibial condyle |
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Term
| Primary actions of gluteus medius |
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Definition
Abduction
External rotation
Internal rotation |
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Term
| Strength exercises for gluteus medius |
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Definition
| Running, hopping, & skipping |
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Term
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Definition
| Lateral surface ilium just below crest |
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Term
| Insertion of gluteus medius |
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Definition
| Posterior & middle surface of greater trochanter of femur |
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Term
| Primary actions of gluteus minimus |
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Definition
Abduction
Internal rotation |
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Term
| Strength exercises for gluteus minimus |
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Definition
| Running, hopping, & skipping |
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Term
| Origin of gluteus minimus |
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Definition
| Lateral surface of ilium below origin of gluteus medius |
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Term
| Insertion of gluteus minimus |
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Definition
| Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur |
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Term
| Primary action of adductor longus |
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Definition
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Term
| Strength exercises for adductor longus |
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Definition
Hip adduction
Squat (in external rotation) |
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Term
| Origin of adductor longus |
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Definition
| Anterior pubis just below its crest |
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Term
| Insertion of adductor longus |
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Definition
| Middle third of linea aspera |
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Term
| Primary actions of adductor brevis |
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Definition
Adduction
External rotation |
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Term
| Strength exercises for adductor brevis |
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Definition
Hip adduction
Squat (in external rotation) |
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Term
| Origin of adductor brevis |
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Definition
| Front of inferior pubic ramus just below origin of longus |
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Term
| Insertion of adductor brevis |
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Definition
| Lower two-thirds of pectineal line of femur & upper half of medial lip of linea aspera |
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Term
| Primary actions of adductor magnus |
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Definition
Adduction
External rotation |
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Term
| Strength exercises for adductor magnus |
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Definition
Hip adduction
Squat (in external rotation) |
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Term
| Origin of adductor magnus |
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Definition
| Edge of entire ramus of pubis & ischium and ischial tuberosity |
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Term
| Insertion of adductor magnus |
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Definition
| Whole length of linea aspera, inner condyloid ridge, & adductor tubercle |
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Term
| Primary actions of gracilis |
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Definition
Hip internal rotation
Adduction
Knee flexion |
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Term
| Strength exercises for gracilis |
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Definition
Hip adduction
Squat (in external rotation) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anterior medial edge of descending ramus of pubis |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anterior medial surface of tibia below condyle |
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Term
|
Definition
Hip pointer
Pelvic bone avulsion |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sharp blow to hip resulting in tearing tendons at the iliac crest |
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Term
|
Definition
2-3 hours hip becomes sore
Limp develops & it's difficult to run
Swelling |
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Term
|
Definition
| Rest & ice (twice per day for 20 minutes) |
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Term
| Pelvic bone avulsion - causes |
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Definition
Growing muscles overpower tendinous attachments
Tendon snaps a bony attachment
Powerful sprinting with "cold" muscles (overuse)
80% of bone avulsions in young athletes occur at the hip |
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Term
| Pelvic bone avulsion - diagnosis |
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Definition
Discoloration
Pain with stretch
X-rays are essential |
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Term
| Pelvic bone avulsion - treatment |
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Definition
Rest with crutches for 7 to 10 days
6 weeks to heal completely |
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