Type: Squamous

Structure: flat in contact with the basal lamina (one of the two layers of the basement membrane) ; permeable  

Function: Diffusion

Major Characteristics: Flat, 1 layer; Sample is scraped from a thin single layer

Location: Skin, Cheek

Type:  Simple Cuboidal 

Structure:  positioned like a circle, cube-shaped 

Function: secretion and absorption 

Major Characteristics: White area represent open space and water; a transverse cut if tubes run vertically 

Location: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface.

Type:  Simple Columnar (non-ciliated)

Structure: non-ciliation gives advantage to secretion and absorption

Function: protection, secretion, absorption (because of their length/increased Surface area)

Major Characteristics: cells with greater volume (cuboidal and columnar) tend to be more secretory than smaller ones (squamous) because they have greater surface area 

Location: digestive tract (stomach to anal canal), gallbladder and excretory ducts of some glands; ciliated variety lines small bronchi, uterine tubes

Type: Pseudo-stratified (ciliated columnar) 

Structure: Cilla gives movement

Function: protection, propulsion of mucus by ciliary action.

Major Characteristics: smoking paralyzes the ciliated tissue; contains goblet cells (secrets mucus) and cilia (gives movement)

Location: nonciliated type in male's sperm-carrying ducts and ducts of large glands; ciliated variety lines the trachea, most of the upper respiratory tract.

Type: Stratified Squamous

Structure: Multiple layers for Protection

Function: protects underlying tissues in areas subject to abrasion

Major Characteristics: gets replaced with dense irregular (for scars); layered for protection

Location:  nonkeratinized type forms the moist lining of the esophagus, mouth, and vagina; keratinized type forms the epidermis of the skin, a dry membrane.

Type: Transitional Epithelium

Structure: Different cell shapes

Function: stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine

Major Characteristics: when there is more tension in the tissue, shape expands and looks like striated squamous; when released, looks like cuboidal/columnar 

Location: : lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra

Type: Compact Bone

Structure: Label Haversian Canals, canaliculi, lacunae, lamellae, and Volkmann's canals

Function: supports and protects organs/tissues, stores calcium, form blood cells

Major Characteristics:  osteocyte (mature bone cell), ossification (when cartilage is transformed into bone), matrix is lamellae (calcified matrix)

Location: bones

Type: Compact Bone

Structure: Label Haversian Canals, canaliculi, lacunae, lamellae, and Volkmann's canals

Function: supports and protects organs/tissues, stores calcium, form blood cells

Major Characteristics:  osteocyte (mature bone cell), ossification (when cartilage is transformed into bone), matrix is lamellae (calcified matrix)

Location: bones

Type: Cancellous Bone

Structure: contains myeloid tissue to provide a framework for blood production; contains trabeculae ; spongy 

Function: support, and provide framework for blood work

Major Characteristics: lightweight, strong, and spongy; wouldn't be able to bear a weight-bearing exercise because it is too light

Location: inside the bone

Type: Adipose

Structure: fat cells that act as a protective padding ; nucleus, lipid droplet, supporting fibers, capillaries

Function: provides reserve fuel; insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs

Major Characteristics: The large clear space holds fat; liposuction will fail because a person needs to have a certain amount of fat in their body at all times or they'd be in a state of paralysis and die

Location: under skin, around kidneys and eyeballs, within abdomen, in breasts.

Type: Dense Fibrous  (regular)

Structure: wavy, has collagen fibers for strength, cells embedded between fibers + fibroblasts

Function: attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in ONE DIRECTION

Major Characteristics: collagen fibers give strength; avascular so no blood flow making it harder to repair

Location: tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses

Type: Dense Fibrous (irregular)

Structure: jumbled up/swirly; bundle of collagen fibers, elestic fibers and fibroblasts together

Function: able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides structural strength

Major Characteristics: Significance of this tissue type in shoes, purses, belts,etc: it makes us the leather

Location: fibrous capsules of organs and joints; dermis of the skin; submucosa of digestive tract

Type: Areolar 

Structure: it's like an elastic that permits movement; stretchable, loose

Function: wraps and cushions organs; permits diffusion, absorption; connects adj. structures in body

Major Characteristics: Cells and fibers found in this tissue: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, WBCs, fat/plasma

Location:  widely distributed under epithelia of body; between tissues/organs

Type: Reticular

Structure: slender blanchy reticulum fibers with reticular cells

Function: support and reinforces delicate structure; provides resilient cushion; defend against microorganisms by engulfing and destroying 

Major Characteristic: This kind of tissue has reticular fibers that support delicate structures

Location: lymph organs, spleen, and bone marrow 

Type: Hyaline Cartilage

Structure: gel matrix provides resilient cushion, no fibers, lacuna, chondrocyte

Function: support, reinforces, provides a framework

Major Characteristics: This kind of cartilage is the most common to go through ossification, transformation of cartilage to bone since it is near other bones

Location: joints, costal cartilage in ribs, nose, rings in trachea, and larynx, forms most of the embryonic skeleton, tip of nose

Type: Elastic Cartilage

Structure: contains lacuna, chondrocytes, elastic fibers for flexibility, matrix

Function: Maintains shape and structure with great flexibility, supports and protects

Major Characteristics: elastic support and flexibility from elastic fibers

Location: external ear, epiglottis (covers airway opening when swallowing)

Type: Fibro-Cartilage

Structure: filled with densely packed collagenous fibers to serve as shock absorber; matrix is rigid, nuclei in a line

Function: absorb shocks, supports, protects

Major Characteristics: it is the strongest cartilage because of the collagenous fibers it has

Location: Intervertebral discs (between spinal vertebrae), pubic symphysis, meniscus of knee joint

Type: Normal Blood 

Structure: liquid state, contains neither ground substance nor fibers

Function: transport respiratory gases, nutrients, and wastes, to and from cell; maintains homeostasis

Major Characteristics: dark stained nuclei are WBCs that fight infections, small clear cells are RBCs that don't have nuclei to carry O2; has less WBCs than abnormal

Location: throughout the body within a closed system of blood vessels and heart chambers

Type: Abnormal Blood 

Structure: liquid state, contains neither ground substance nor fibers

Function: corrupt homeostasis, lower other blood cells (RBCs aka Erythrocytes, platelets aka Thrombocytes-blood clotting)

Major Characteristics: dark stained nuclei are WBCs that fight infections, small clear cells are RBCs that don't have nuclei to carry O2; has more WBCs than normal; or sickle cell which has deformed RBCs

Location: throughout the body within a closed system of blood vessels and heart chambers

Type: Cardiac Muscle Tissue 

Structure: Intercalated Discs, Striations, 1 or less nuclei

Function: pumps heart and throughout body, intercalated discs make heart pump in uniform

Major Characteristic: involuntary 

Location: heart

Type: Skeletal Muscle

Structure: striations, many nuclei per cell/fiber, 

Function: move large body masses and contract them

Major Characteristic: many nuclei so the muscle can repair itself, striations cause contractions, voluntary, nuclei on the edges so there is room for striations 

Location: bones, skeleton

Type: Smooth Muscle

Structure: One nucleus per cell, no striations 

Function: absorb nucleus, slowly contract the tissue, 

Major Characteristic: involuntary control because body needs to digest and absorb wastes, hard to repair since only one cell

Location:  Mostly in the walls of hollow organs (blood vessels, small and large intestines, esophagus)

Type: Motor Neuron

Structure: Soma (cell body), dendrite, axon, myelin sheaths, axon terminals

Function: process and transmit electrical impulses for movement, usually from the brain to muscle; neurons transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effectors. 

Major Characteristics: neuroglia around it

Locations: brain, spine, nerves

Type: Spinal Cord (transverse section)

Structure: gray matter and white matter, nerve tissue (soma in gray and axon in white)

Function: connects peripheral system to brain info reaching spinal cord through the sensory neurons that are transmitted to brain

Major Characteristic: the spaces around the axon are myelin sheaths to protect the neuron; provide insulator and increase speed impulse transmission

Location: occipital bone and down between the first and second lumber vertebrae

Type: Grey Matter of Spinal Cord 

Structure: Contains soma(cell body)

Function: respond to stimuli then transmit that response to axon/white matter

Type: White matter in Spinal Cord

Structure: has axon that is surrounded by myelin sheaths

Function: recieve and transmit electrical impluses