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| a hypothesis that physiological changes acquired over the life of an organism may be transmitted to offspring |
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| Animal traits beneficial to surviving in specific environments will continue in future generations |
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| Animal traits beneficial to reproductive success will continue in future generations |
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| A theory of heredity proposed by Charles Darwin in which gemmules containing hereditary information from every part of the body coalesce in the gonads and are incorporated into the reproductive cells. |
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| inheritance of acquired characteristics |
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| a hypothesis that physiological changes acquired over the life of an organism may be transmitted to offspring |
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| The parts of an organism's body that are used become more developed; parts that are not used become smaller and may disappear. |
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| law of evolutionary associationism |
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| The psychological theory that association is the basic principle of all mental activity. |
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| The great chain of being is a classical Christian concept detailing a strict, hierarchical structure of all matter and life, believed to have been decreed by God |
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| The most adaptive species spreads its genes |
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| a branch of psychology in which emphasis is placed on cross-species comparisons—including human-to-animal comparisons |
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| a technique for studying animal behavior by assuming that the same mental process that occurs in the observer’s mind also occurs in the animals mind |
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| Animals mental process' should not be assumed to be like humans' |
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| Galton's work that introduced his concepts of correlation and regression |
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| the first social scientific attempt to study genius and greatness |
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| law of deviation from an average |
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| variations always equalize around the mean |
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| selective breeding of humans |
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| the field of study concerned with the theory and technique of educational and psychological measurement |
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| regression towards mediocrity |
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| The characteristics in the offspring regress towards an average point |
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| a hypothesis that in developing from embryo to adult, animals go through stages resembling stages in the evolution of their ancestors |
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| a hypothesis that in developing from embryo to adult, animals go through stages resembling stages in the evolution of their ancestors |
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| Mental level was a better term than mental age for Binet and Simon because it meant that there could be a change in the test results |
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| An evaluation of the relative mental development of children by a series of psychological tests of intellectual ability |
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| A measure of mental development as determined by intelligence tests, generally restricted to children and persons with intellectual impairment and expressed as the age at which that level of development is typically attained |
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| A standard intelligence test adapted from the Binet-Simon scale for use in the United States, especially in the assessment of children |
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| Army Alpha and Beta tests |
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| developed so that military commanders could have some measure of the ability of their personnel |
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| A school of psychology that confines itself to the study of observable and quantifiable aspects of behavior |
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| the principle that behaviors are selected by their consequences |
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| an acquired response that is under the control of (conditional on the occurrence of) a stimulus |
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| the view that environmental characteristics have greater importance than heredity or constitution in determining behavior |
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| conditioned emotional response |
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| an acquired emotional reaction that is under the control of (conditional on the occurrence of) a stimulus |
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