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HLTH 234 Section 3 - Prenatal
Medical terms for midwifery school
100
Medical
Graduate
10/19/2007

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Term
Perinatal mortality
Definition
Death of a fetus or infant (up to 28 days)
Term
Prematurity
Definition
The state of an infant born any time prior to completion of the 20th week of gestation
Term
Perinatal morbidity
Definition
Disease of a fetus or infant (up to 28 days)
Term
antepartal
Definition
Prior to the onset of labor
Term
prenatal
Definition
From the LMP to birth
Term
Gestation
Definition
Period of intrauterine fetal development from conception to birth
Term
Trimester
Definition
A period of three months
Term
Chadwick's sign
Definition
Bluish discoloration of the cervix, vagina and vulva caused by venous congestion. Early sign of pregnancy
Term
Quickening
Definition
First movements of the fetus in utero
Term
ballotement
Definition
A palpatory technique used in detecting or examining a floating object in the body, such as an organ or fetus.
Term
Linea nigra
Definition
Middle of the abdomen
Term
Chloasma
Definition
Pigmentary skin discolorations, usually those occurring in yellowish brown patches or spots
Term
Striae
Definition
Lines or bands elevated above or depressed below surrounding tissue, or differing in color and texture
Term
Hegar's sign
Definition
On bimanual examination, the lower part of the uterus is easily compressed between fingers in the vagina and a hand over the pelvic area; due to softening of lower uterine segments, and ovum not completely filling the uterine cavity
Term
Goodell's sign
Definition
Softening of the cervix uteri and vagina; a sign of pregnancy
Term
Braxton Hick's contractions
Definition
Painless, irregular uterine contractions occurring during pregnancy
Term
Graafian follicle
Definition
A cystic structure developing in the ovarian cortex during the menstrual cycle
Term
Corpus luteum
Definition
A small yellow body which develops within a ruptured ovarian follicle. Secretes progesteron
Term
Menstruation
Definition
The periodic discharge of a bloody fluid from the uterus occurring at more or less regular intervals during the life of a woman from the age of puberty to menopause
Term
Blastocyst
Definition
A very early pregnancy, about a week after conception
Term
Progesterone
Definition
The female sex hormone essential to normal life and to maintaining pregnancy
Term
Kegel
Definition
Exercises named after Dr Arnold H. Kegel, designed to strengthen pelvic-vaginal muscles
Term
Amenorrhea
Definition
Absence of menstruation
Term
Etiology
Definition
Study of the causes of disease
Term
Ptyalism
Definition
Excessive secretion of saliva
Term
Hypertrophy
Definition
Increase in size of an organ or structure which does not involve tumor formation
Term
Uterine souffle
Definition
A vascular sound which may be heard by using a stethescope
Term
Fetoscope
Definition
Instrument for inspecting the fetus through the uterine wall
Term
Palpate
Definition
Examine by touch
Term
Ectopic pregnancy
Definition
Embedding of the fertilized ovum, usually in the fallopian tube, occasionally in the abdominal cavity
Term
Assay
Definition
Analysis of a substance to determine its constituents and the relative proportions of each
Term
Hyadatidiform mole
Definition
Degenerative process in chorionic villi which gives rise to multiple cysts and rapid growth of the uterus with hemorrhage
Term
Immunologic
Definition
Pertaining to the study of immunity to disease
Term
Proteinuria
Definition
Protein, usually albumin, in the urine
Term
Gravida
Definition
A pregnant woman
Term
Para
Definition
Combining word to indicate a woman who has produced viable offspring
Term
Primigravida
Definition
A woman during her first pregnancy
Term
Primipara
Definition
A woman who has had or is giving birth to her first surviving child
Term
Viability
Definition
Ability to live, grow, and develop
Term
Naegele's rule
Definition
A system to estimate date of delivery. Count back 3 months from the last period, add 7 days
Term
Fundus
Definition
The large part, base, or body of a hollow organ
Term
Fundal Height
Definition
The distance between the top of a pregnant woman's uterus to her pubic bone. Measured to determine fetal age.
Term
Malpresentation
Definition
Abnormal position of the fetus rendering natural deliver difficult or impossible
Term
Intrauterine
Definition
Within the uterus
Term
Speculum
Definition
Instrument for examination of canals
Term
Dysuria
Definition
Painful or difficult urination
Term
Varicosities
Definition
Swollen, twisted veins
Term
Edema
Definition
A local or generalized condition in which the body tissues contain an excessive amount of tissue fluid
Term
Infectious diseases
Definition
Diseases which can be transmitted between people
Term
CVA tenderness
Definition
Costovertebral Angle Tenderness
Term
Homan's sign
Definition
Pain in the calf when the toe is passively dorsoflexed. An early sign of venous thrombosis of the deep veins of the calf
Term
Pelvimetry
Definition
Measurement of pelvic dimensions or proportions
Term
Engagement
Definition
The entry of the presenting part of the fetus into the true pelvis
Term
Void
Definition
To evacuate the bowels or bladder
Term
RhoGam
Definition
Medicine given by intermuscular injection which is used to prevent Rhesus disease (hemolytic disease of newborn)
Term
Bacteruria
Definition
Bacteria in the urine
Term
Glycosuria
Definition
Glucose in the urine
Term
Labile
Definition
Unstable; liable to variation
Term
libido
Definition
Sexual desire
Term
Zygote
Definition
Fertilized ovum prior to segmentation
Term
Congenital
Definition
Born with
Term
Embryo
Definition
Developing offspring in the first 8 weeks after conception
Term
Fetus
Definition
Human embryo from 8 weeks until birth
Term
Teratogen
Definition
An agent or influence which causes physical defects in the developing embryo
Term
Urogenital
Definition
Pertaining to the urinary and reproductive organs
Term
Mesoderm
Definition
A primary germ layer of the embryo laying between ectoderm and endoderm. From it arises al connective tissue, muscular, skeletal, circulatory, lymphatic, etc
Term
Endoderm
Definition
Inner layer of cells of an embryo
Term
Ectoderm
Definition
Outer layer of cells in an embryo. From it are developed skin structures, nervous system, organs of special sense, etc
Term
decidua
Definition
The endometrium or mucous membrane which envelopes the impregnated ovum
Term
Intervillous
Definition
Between (chorionic) villi
Term
Amniocentesis
Definition
Puncture of the amniotic sac, usually through the abdominal wall and uterus, to obtain a sample of amniotic fluid on which to perform tests
Term
Isoimmunization
Definition
Immunization within the species i.e. Rh-/Rh+
Term
Opaque
Definition
Impenetrable by visible light rays. Not transparent
Term
Turbidity
Definition
Not transparent due to growth of microorganisms or to flacky or granular particles
Term
L/S ratio
Definition
Lecithin-sphingomyelin ratio. Used in determining respiratory distress
Term
Leukorrhea
Definition
White or yellowish mucous discharge from the cervical canal or vagina
Term
Dependent edema
Definition
Edema of the legs
Term
Dyspareunia
Definition
Difficult or painful coitus
Term
nocturia
Definition
Urination during the night, especially excessive
Term
Pica
Definition
A craving to eat unnatural substances, sometimes occuring during pregnancy. Possibly related to nutritional deficiencies
Term
Syncope
Definition
Fainting or loss of conciousness
Term
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Definition
Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy of such severity and duration that systemic effects such as acidosis and weight loss occur
Term
Cytomegalovirus
Definition
A virus in the herpesvirus family. Can be transmitted transplacentally
Term
Spirochete
Definition
Slender flexuous spiral organism
Term
Condylomata lata
Definition
Mucous patch on the vulva or anus, coated with grey exudate, flattened in form, with deliniated area. Characteristic of syphilis
Term
Condylomata acuminata
Definition
Genital warts
Term
Cystitis
Definition
Inflammation of the bladder
Term
Anemia
Definition
Condition of reduced circulating RBCs
Term
Malaise
Definition
Discomfort, uneasiness, or indisposition, often indicative of infection
Term
Auscultation
Definition
Process of listening for sounds produced in some of the body cavities, esp. chest and abdomen, in order to detect or judge some abnormal condition
Term
Polyhydramnios
Definition
An excess of amniotic fluid in the bag of waters
Term
Oligohydramnios
Definition
Abnormally small amount of amniotic fluid
Term
Preeclampsia
Definition
A toxemia of pregnancy characterized by increasing hypertension, headaches, albuminuria, and edema of lower extremities. Can lead to Ecclampsia
Term
Eclampsia
Definition
A condition characterized by fits and accompanied by sever hypertension, edema and proteinuria
Term
Placenta previa
Definition
An abnormally situated placenta in the lower segment of the uterus, either completely or partially covering the internal os
Term
Abruptio placenta
Definition
A placenta which is partially or completely torn from its site, usually in the upper segment of the uterus, after the 24th week of pregnancy
Term
Bimanual examination
Definition
Examiniation of the pelvic cavity, with one hand on the abdomen, the other with a finger in the rectum or vagina
Term
Cephalopelvic
Definition
Pertaining to the relationship of fetal head to maternal pelvis
Term
Postmaturity
Definition
A state in which the pregnancy is prolonged after the expected date of delivery
Term
Dysmature
Definition
Small for gestational age
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