Shared Flashcard Set

Details

HOD 1700
Test 1
34
Other
Undergraduate 2
02/25/2009

Additional Other Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Theory
Definition
A set of propositions that explain the relationships among phenomena. A model to explain what we observe, simplifies complex realities.
Term
Hypothesis
Definition
Educated guess. Must be testable. It's what you think is going to happen. Hypotheses are developed from theories. The more hyp's we prove from theories, the stronger the theories become.
Term
Descriptive Research Design
Definition
Quantitative. Non-experimental. Simple descriptive information about the frequency or amount of something.
Term
Comparative Research Design
Definition
Quantitative. Non-experimental. Descriptions of the differences between groups.
Term
Correlational Research Design
Definition
Quantitative. Non-experimental. Descriptions of the relationships between or among variables.
Term
Ex post facto Research Design
Definition
Identifies interventions that occurred in the past and subsequent responses in such a way that it may be possible to draw causal relationships between them
Term
Quasi-experimental Research Design
Definition
non-random assignment of subjects to groups
Term
True experimental research design
Definition
random assignment of subjects to groups
Term
Non-experimental Designs
Definition
Quantitative. Experimental. An investigation describing current status of a variable or the relationships, other than causal, among variables
Term
Experimental designs
Definition
quantitative. Experimental. an investigation characterized by the direct manipulation of control of one variable (e.g. cause) so its effect can be seen on another variable (e.g. effect). All other variables are controlled.
Term
Descriptive Statistics
Definition
statistical procedures that summarize a set of numbers in terms of central tendency, variation, or relationships. Frequency Distributions, Central Tendency, Variability, Relationship. Mean, median, mode.
Term
Inferential Statistics
Definition
Allow you to infer something about the population based on the findings in a sample
Term
Frequency Distributions
Definition
Descriptive stat. an organization of the data set indicating the number of time (frequency) each score was present
Term
Central Tendency
Definition
Descriptive stats. typical score. mean, mode, median.
Term
Variability
Definition
Descriptive stats. how different the scores are. standard deviation, range.
Term
Relationship
Definition
descriptive stat. how two sets of scores related to each other (correlation, scatterplots)
Term
Conceptual Definition of Variables
Definition
the definition found in the dictionary.
Term
Operational Definition of Variable
Definition
Define variables based on how they are measured. e.g. define motivation by how often students attend class.
Term
Independent Variable
Definition
The variable that comes first and influences or predicts. Variable you manipulate.
Term
Dependent Variable
Definition
Affected and predicted by the dependent variable
Term
Extraneous/Confounding Variables
Definition
External variables that mess up the data.
Term
Human Participant Protection
Definition
Autonomy, Beneficence, Justice
Term
Autonomy
Definition
Human Participant Protection. freedom of choice to participate in a study. Informed consent, disclosure of information, participant can drop out at any time.
Term
Beneficence
Definition
Human Participant Protection. protecting people by weighing the risk vs. benefit.
Term
Justice
Definition
Human Participant Protection. Make sure the participants receive the benefits of the research. Want to include as many types of people as possible so we can use study to apply results to many types of people and treat them all.
Term
Measurement Scales
Definition
Nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio
Term
Nominal Measurement scale
Definition
Categorical. Named categories.e.g. gender, race, religion. Bar graph. Mode
Term
Ordinal Measurement Scale
Definition
Categorical. ordered categories. e.g. finishing position in a race. ranks do not indicate differences between them. bar graph. Mode
Term
Interval Measurement Scale
Definition
Continuous data. equal intervals on a scale. subtraction makes sense, division doesn't. temperature in F or C, IQ. Arbitrary zero. Frequency polygon. histogram. median, mean
Term
Ratio Measurement Scale
Definition
Continuous Data. equal intervals and an absolute zero. subtraction and division make sense). height, weight, income. can say something is twice as big as something else. frequency polygon or histogram, median, mean
Term
Measures of Central Tendency
Definition
Mode, Median, Mean
Term
Measures of Variability
Definition
range, standard deviation
Term
Validity
Definition
The extent to which inferences are appropriate, meaningful, and useful. can't say that a test is/isn't valid. have to say "its a valid/invalid test for___ for the purpose of ____.
Term
Reliability
Definition
consistency of measurement. if not reliable, not valid.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!