Term
| How often should fruit trees be pruned? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name and describe the four objectives of pruning fruit trees. |
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Definition
1. Develop strong tree structure
2. Provide light penetration
3. Control tree size
4. Remove damaged wood |
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Term
| Why should trees be pruned during the late-winter or early spring just prior to the beginning of active growth? Describe four reasons. |
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Definition
1. Wounds will heal quickly when growth begins
2. Undesirable branches and other wood to be pruned can be easily seen since there are not leaves on the tree
3. Winter damaged wood is easier to identify at this time
4. The bark is less likely to tear when cuts are made |
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Term
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Definition
| a branch selected as a continuation of the trunk and from which scaffold branches develop |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the branches making up the basic framework of a tree |
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Term
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Definition
| shoots that arise from the trunk of a tree or from branches that are several years old - can be submerged by bark - sometimes called suckers |
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Term
| Shape the structure of the tree during the and year old growth stage. |
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Definition
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Term
| Select to branches for the main bearing area on a dwarf tree whereas to branches are recommended for a semi-dwarf and a standard-sized tree. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why should you never stand on a tree limb to prune the tree? |
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Definition
| May break the bark with soles of shoes |
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Term
| What problem is associated with leaving a stub after pruning? |
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Definition
| Can prevent proper healing. |
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Term
| What problem is associated with cutting too deep when pruning? |
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Definition
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Term
| Branches should be attached to the trunk at to degrees to provide support for the limb and should never be less than degrees. |
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Definition
60-70 degrees; 30 degrees
I found these numbers online...don't know the exact answer |
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Term
| Differentiate between central leader and open center tree growth. |
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Definition
Central leader has a central trunk form which the scaffold branches develop.
Open-center is when the central leader is removed at planting time and 3 or 4 scaffolds are developed into the fruiting area. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Be familiar with the following features of a well-pruned fruit tree: |
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Definition
1. the lowest branch is at least 15-20 inches above the ground level
2. scaffold limbs are well distributed around the tree with no two branches exactly on the same side
3. all branches are attached at a wide angle for strength that will support a heavy load of fruit
4. the central leader is dominant and will outgrow the scaffold branches |
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Term
Describe three advantages to growing dwarf fruit trees. |
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Definition
1.Compact growth habit makes pruning, spraying, and harvesting easier.
2. Bear fruit at an earlier age compared to standard size trees.
3. Can have considerable enjoyment and challenge in growing and caring for dwarf trees. |
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Term
| Describe three disadvantages to growing dwarf fruit trees |
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Definition
1. Higher cost per tree
2. Shorter life span
3. Need support with trellis or post to keep some kinds of dwarf trees from falling over |
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Term
| In order to keep dwarf trees showing the dwarf effect, it is extremely important to make sure what occurs during the planting process? |
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Definition
| keep the lower part of the graft union above the ground and keep soil from building up around the trunks near the graft |
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Term
| What is an espalier fruit tree? |
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Definition
| tying plants to a frame so they grow on a flat plane |
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Term
A well-planned landscape can serve a number of important purpose. Describe how a landscape accomplishes the following: Function and comfort
Energy and resource conservation
Property value
Aesthetic value
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Definition
Function and comfort: an area for guest to relax, asthetically pleasing, provides a block from wind and children getting out in the street
Energy and resource conservation: erosion control, slope stablization with the planting of certain trees or plants, plants can act as a buffer against brush fires, some trees can keep your house cool during the summer
Property value: certain tree make the house sellable; help with selling houses
Aesthetic value: attractive landscapes make people feel better |
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Term
| What is the difference between a landscape architect and a landscape designer? |
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Definition
Landscape architect: required to go through a licensing procedure and needs to have course work
Landscape designer: usually works on private landscapes and doesn't require a license, but they may have a background in horticulture and a strong understanding of what they do. Often times they work at garden centers. |
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Term
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Definition
| gives a oneness to the theme, principle management, simple designs usually achieve unity easier, unity is enclosed in to an area by using the same pavers or bricks |
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Term
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Definition
| repetition helps reduce the large variety in an area, paving and construction materials are the same, helps achieve unity as well as strenthen it, planting multiple tulips so it doesn't look out of place |
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Term
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Definition
| may be symmetrical or asymmetrical, asymmetrical gives a more natrual appearance, symmetrical is equal on both sides and usually in formal gardens |
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Term
| Symmetricals houses can have landscapes; asymmetrical houses cannot have symmetrical landscapes; a symmetrical house can have an landscape (natural). |
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Definition
| symmetrical; asymmetrical |
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Term
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Definition
| can be accents such as boulders, or flowering specimens, or even statues, color contrast as well as texture with woody plants and then flowers-always have a contrast, white rock can create too much of a contrast |
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Term
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Definition
| relationship of an objects size with the area around, such as trees to the house, or flowers in the garden area, tricky to deal with when you don't think about the mature size when you are planting because you want an instant landscape |
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Term
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Definition
| progression of size of materials, entry ways often have this design, often used on corners of homes to mask down spouts (ties the house down) |
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Term
| Name the four elements of landscape design. |
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Definition
Form - overall, 3-dimensional of an object, spreading plants or more column shaped plants
Line - curved or straight, driveways with curved lines, some plants have strong lines like the column shaped plants that are straight up and down
Texture - fine or course textures, course textures are more dominate and eye-catching in the landscape
Color - shows the passing of seasons, bright colors can change the intensity, while pastels have a calmer mood
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Term
Tips: Ivy will damage or pit bricks and limestone, or even discolor the paint on the home
There are low water use plants, no need to plant a desert or have a rock garden |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Existing features - inventory of existing features, measure and record, property lines, zoning requirments, soil types, etc
Evaluation of limitaitons & values - based on observation and homeowners requests, limitations and problems are noted
Site analysis plan - discuss what needs to be implemented based off slopes, neighbors views, blocking wind, allowing for an attractive landscape |
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Term
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Definition
Needs & desires - what the homeowner wants; such as play area for the kids
Environmental conditions - year-round winds
Codes & ordinances - fences and decks have restrictions
Lifestyle - you want an area that is adapted to the lifestyle of the homeowner so it is functional
Buget - a budget needs to be established before starting
Maintenance - if you don't want to do a lot of maintenance, then you will wnat to get something that is easy to care for |
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Term
| Schematic Design (Bubble Diagram) |
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Definition
Use areas (outdoor rooms) you want to design them like your home
1. Public areas - the front of the house where guest will enjoy
2. Prive or outdoor living area - an extended entertianing area such as outdoor cooking and relaxing
3. Service or utility area - dog runs, vehicle and foot traffic, tool sheds, and other types of heavy traffic
Cirulation pattern - circle the designated areas to make sure they don't overlap and they are placed where you want them |
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Term
| Plan development - Preliminary Plan |
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Definition
| A scaled drawing showing details of the yard that is easy to understand based off of preference, skill, and needs of the homeowner - helps to decide on placement based on height, form, color, and texture of plants that are wanted - helps with unity and getting a nice landscpae before spending a lot of money |
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Term
| Plan development - Final Plan |
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Definition
The exact location of plants and features are drawn along with plant list with the height and size and quantities so it is as real as possible for the homeowner to see
- choose plants that grow well together, adapted to the area, availability, and size - greater understanding of the plan helps the homeowner understand before installation |
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Term
| Plan development - Project installation |
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Definition
after the plan is approved by the homeowner, installation can start, this work can be done by the home owner, contractor, or a combination of both - if a contractor does the work a cost estimate should be acquired to have an adequate idea of cost - plant trees, shrubs, ground cover, then lawn
-plants should be checked for vigor, disease, etc. and correct placement
-the yard will take years to reach the full maturity, but the mature size needs to be used in the planning stage |
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Term
Water conservation at FHSU
-always have problems with nutsedge and bindweed no matter how much mulch is used
-mulch is used a lot to help with the watering around campus buildings
-ground cover is used now rather than ivy and vines
-use pop up sprinklers to minimize damage and they can be mowed over
-the fountain in front of Sheridan represents wheat head and the water is recycled |
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Definition
-buffalo grass around the parking lots (low maintenance)
- tall fescue in the quad because it looks better
-use to use junipers on the slope by Stroup hall, but it is now a retaining wall with gravel and few plants
-water is captured from air conditioners in underground tanks and used to water the landscape
-limestone flower beds outside AH - recycled limestone from old buildings, perennials, and mulched
-use newspapers as a weed barrier (colored ads use soybean oil which is better than petroleum oil) |
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Term
| True or False: According to the video the root system is more important than the top portion of the plant. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: Plants that are grown in a pot too long are going to have fibrous root systems |
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Definition
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Term
| A healthy root should have a center. |
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Definition
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Term
| A 2.5 inch tree trunk diameter should have a inch root ball. |
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Definition
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Term
| If you have circling roots in a bedding plant you should . |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| landscaping with minimum water |
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Term
| Explain what three water conservation measures are being implemented in the city |
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Definition
1. using native grasses
2. going to drought tolerant strains of grasses
3. educational programs through news column and letters to get the word out |
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