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~short chains of amino acids – Oxytocin |
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~A chemical messengers released by a cell that can act back on the cell, on neighboring cells, or on distant cells via the blood stream to alter their function. ~regulate all cellular processes and allow cells to respond to changes in their environment ~ effects can be rapid (oxytocin) or sustained (testosterone) ~allow animals to alter their metabolic investment in productive functions ~primary regulators of animal growth and development |
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~long chains of amino acids ~Ex: Growth Hormone, Insulin |
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Thyroxin, melatonin, epinephrine |
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~Cholesterol metabolites ~EX: Testosterone, Estrogen, Progesterone, Cortisol |
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~glycosylated proteins EX:Luteinizing hormone, Follicle stimulating hormone |
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~arachidonic acid metabolites EX: Prostaglandin F, Prostaglandin E |
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