Term
| Three Type of Public Health Prevention |
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Definition
Primary
- Stop a disease from occurring
Secondary
-Keep It from getting worse
Tertiary
-Treat and rehabilitate |
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Term
| actions taken in the absence of observable illness like diet and exercise (primary prevention) |
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Definition
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Term
| designates help-seeking behavior and diagnostic testing for obvious or suspected illness (secondary prevention) |
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Definition
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Term
| things people do in response to a diagnosed illness. (missing school/work; cutting back on responsibilities): Gender Differences?? |
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Definition
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Term
| Using small steps to gradually achieve a behavioral goal. |
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Definition
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Term
| Leaving visual reminders around your physical environment which encourage you to engage in actions leading to your target behavior. |
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Definition
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Term
| Learning behaviors / adopting perspectives / perceptions by internalizing / performing those of referent others. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mentally imaging specific sights, sounds, smells, tactile sensations, outcomes and emotional responses associated with a target behavior. |
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Definition
| Imagined Rehearsal/ Visualization |
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Term
| An increase in the future frequency of a behavior due to the addition of a favorable consequence immediately following a response. |
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Definition
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Term
| An increase in the future frequency of a behavior when the consequence is the removal of an aversive (painful) stimulus |
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Definition
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Term
| Blocking negative or destructive thoughts from entering a perceptual or cognitive pathway. |
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Definition
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Term
| Finding / internalizing new facts, ideas, and tips for engaging in positive behavioral change. |
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Definition
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Term
| Experiencing and internalizing negative emotions that are associated with negative health behaviors. |
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Definition
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Term
| Substituting healthier behaviors and/or cognitions for unhealthy ones. |
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Definition
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Term
| Realizing that social norms are changing in a direction of supporting/ validating healthy behavioral change. |
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Definition
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Term
Actions/choices which prevent a person from being responsible for their own volitional behaviors/expectations/goals.
Over-eating which confounds weight loss via exercise
Staying up to 3am the morning before an exam. |
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Definition
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Term
Prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to come true.
“I will fail this test” = failed test
“I can’t lift this weight” = don’t lift the weight
“I can’t get into graduate school” = don’t get into grad school. |
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Definition
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Term
An uncomfortable feeling caused by holding conflicting ideas simultaneously.
I am a smoker and I want to live a fitness lifestyle
I am a spiritually-grounded person but engage in behaviors that run contrary to spiritual teachings. |
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Definition
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Term
| Motivation based rewards that are internal to, or within, the individual; for example, satisfaction or personal accomplishment. |
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Definition
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Term
| Motivation based on rewards that are external to, or outside of, the individual; for example, praise or money |
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Definition
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Term
| focus is on improving performance relative to past performance, not on comparison with others. |
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Definition
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Term
| where individuals are constantly comparing themselves with others. Such factors are external and uncontrollable |
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Definition
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Term
| The majority of the literature tends to support the trend that task orientation is more conducive to positive behaviors in achievement settings then an ego orientation (Dr. Sean says “over time”) |
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Definition
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Term
The drive to influence people and change situations
These people wish to create an impact on their organization and are willing to take risks to do so. |
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Definition
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Term
It is a drive to relate to people on a social basis
Persons with _____________ perform/work better when they are complimented for their favorable attitudes, co-operation, and pro-social behaviors among others. |
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Definition
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Term
Family
Environment
Lifestyle
Chance? |
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Definition
| External Factors of Mental Health |
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Term
Genetics
Self-esteem, self-efficacy
Learned helplessness
Learned optimism
Challenge versus threat perceptions |
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Definition
| Internal Factors of Mental Health |
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Term
| state of successful performance of mental function, resulting in productive activities, fulfilling relationships, and the ability to adapt to , and cope with change. |
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Definition
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Term
Neurons
Synapses – synaptic circuits
Neural structures: hippocampus, basal ganglia |
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Definition
| Neurobiology Mental Health |
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Term
Glutamate (excitatory NT)
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Dopamine, Serotonin |
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Definition
| Psychopharmacology fundamental mental health |
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Term
| Not static, synapses are constantly re-shaping themselves. |
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Definition
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Term
Self-esteem
Optimism
Resilience (psychological hardiness)
Impulsivity / avoidance / socio-pathy (traits or behaviors to engage in dishonest, hurtful, dangerous conduct to satisfy one’s own needs) |
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Definition
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Term
1. Affect twice as many women as men
2. Panic disorder, phobias, PTSD, GAD, OCD |
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Definition
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Term
Depression, bipolar disorder, dysthymia
Tx: pharmacotherapy (SSRI) and Psychotherapy (CBT) |
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Definition
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Term
Profound alterations in cognition and affect
Hallucinations (sensations not connected with obvious sources)
Delusions (holding false personal beliefs) |
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Definition
| Psychotic Disorders (schizophrenia –alterations of the senses) |
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Term
Pyromania
Kleptomania
Numerous addictive disorders |
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Definition
| Impulse and Addiction Disorder |
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Term
Paranoid personality disorder
Narcissistic personality disorder |
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Definition
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Term
Women have _______________ of
psychiatric / psychological disorders than do men. |
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Definition
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Term
| Emotional problems are ________ to women. |
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Definition
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Term
| Women differ in their _________ to use services |
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Definition
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Term
| Manifested by bias, distrust, stereotyping, fear, embarrassment, anger, and /or avoidance. |
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Definition
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Term
Split between mind and body (Descartian-Dualism)
Separation of mental health from mainstream health
Mental health – associated with problems if you seek help. |
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Definition
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Term
| is continued involvement with a substance or activity despite on going negative consequences. |
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Definition
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Term
4 common signs:
-obsession
-loss of control
-negative consequence
-denial |
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Definition
| 4 common signs of addiction |
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Term
1. Emotional Pain
2. Craving for Relief
3. Preoccupation with substance or behavior
4. Substance use or compulsive behavior
5. Short-term pain relief
6. Negative consequences resulting from behavior
7. Depression, guilt, or shame
8. More pain, low self esteem |
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Definition
| Cycle of Psychological Addiction |
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Term
Low self-esteem
External locus of control
Passivity
Post-traumatic stress disorders |
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Definition
| Psychological Factors of Addiction |
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Term
Unusual early response to the substance or experience
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and other learning disabilities
Biologically based mood disorders
Addiction among biological family members |
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Definition
| Biological Factors of Addiction |
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Term
- Ready access to the substance or experience
Abusive or neglectful home environment
Peer norms
Misperception of peer norms
Membership in a demoralized group
Life events, including chronic or acute stress
All three topics (Psychological factors, biological factors, and environmental factors) are apart of the Biopsychosocial Model of Addiction which helps with treatment. |
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Definition
| Environmental Factors of Addiction |
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Term
An isolated occurrence of or full return to addictive behavior
proof that person is addicted |
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Definition
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Term
| The internal fight to restore homeostasis |
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Definition
| General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) |
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Term
Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion |
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Definition
| There are 3 Phases to GAS |
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Term
| and the flood of physiological and emotional activity is turned on and goes into perfect functioning to increase power, speed, and strength. |
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Definition
| Sympathetic Nervous System |
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Term
| This branch of nervous activity is designed to return the physiology to a state of homeostasis. |
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Definition
| Parasympathetic Nervous System |
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Term
Change
Hassles
Pressure
Inconsistent goals & behaviors
Conflict
Overload
Burnout |
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Definition
| Psychosocial Sources of Stress |
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Term
if some action/word/behavior is bad, then the whole person is flawed
“You always”
“You never”
Instead of addressing the thing said, we make inferences about the general nature of the person. i.e. we attack the person and not the action/thought/behavior. |
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Definition
| Cascading Generalizations |
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Term
“You never listen (what is ‘listening’) to me”
“Didn’t you hear (‘’cognitive-perceptual v. emotional intonations) what I said” (emotions not just words) |
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Definition
| Conversational Specificity |
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Term
| doors, walls, body parts etc. |
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Definition
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Term
| see the world and how it works differently (collectivistic v individualistic perspectives) |
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Definition
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Term
| fear, mistrust, suspicion |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| – body position and movement |
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Definition
| Body Position and Movement |
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Term
| space between conversational interactants |
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Definition
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Term
| hand movements to support communication. |
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Definition
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Term
Poverty
Unemployment
Parental influence
Cultural beliefs
The media
Discrimination or oppression
Religious beliefs and differences
Political differences
Breakdowns in criminal justice
Stress
Alcohol or substance abuse |
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Definition
| Societal Causes of Violence |
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Term
ATTITUDE-get mentally prepared to defend yourself, allow yourself to be combative and aggressive, trust your intuition.
APPEARANCE-don’t look like a victim, practice walking with good posture, dress down.
AWARENESS-pay attention to your surroundings, always stay in condition yellow
AVOIDANCE-if you always practice attitude, appearance, and awareness most situations can be avoided. |
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Definition
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