Romulus and Remus:

-Twin brothers of Rome

-Found by a wolf.

-Adopted by farmer and his wife

-Romulus killed Remus

Statue of Constantine:

-White Marble

-Would have stood about 12m tall

-First Christian emperor.

Colosseum:

-AKA Flavian Amphitheatre

-Found in Rome

-Used for gladiator matches

-Made of concrete and sand

-Used velarium to keep rain out.

Circus Maximus:

-Chariot Race track

-Used also for executions

-Found in Rome

Pantheon:

-Roman Temple converted to a church.

-Largest dome built before 20th century

-Has an oculus

-Only building from the period still used today.

Trajan's Column:

-Celebrated Trajan's victory of dacian war.

-30m high

-185 steps

-Scenes are from the war.

-2500 figures on column.

Arch of Titus and Constantine (Constantine pictured above):

-81 CE

-Arch was the basis for Arch de triumph in Paris.

-Statue on top shows victory of dacian war (slaves being captured)

Roman Forum:

-Similar to the civic center.

-Held a marketplace.

-Very close to Colosseum in Rome

Statue of Augustus:

-Made of marble

-Currently in Vatican Museum

-Status shows Augustus in military uniform.

-Contrapposto. 

Ponte de gard:

-Near France

-Top is Ponte de Gard

-Built 1st century CE

-Over Gaur River

Catacombs:

-Holds over 6,000,000 corpses.

-Originally a limestone quarry.

-Over 200 miles of tunnels.

- Most European cities had them.

Arch of Trajan:

-Thamugadi, North Africa

-One of the few totally excavated towns.

-1000m above sea level.

-Founded 100 BCE

Pompeii:

-Near Naples

-79 AD eruption

-Killed at least 5000 people.

-Eruption from mount Vesuvius

Statue of Charlemagne:

-Made of bronze

-Discovered 1807

-Depicts Charlemagne on a horse.

-Charlemagne means "Charles the Great"

-Charlemagne was the king of the Franks

Castle under Feudalism:

-Typically had two protections: Moat and Walls.

-Could be made from wood or stone.

-Lord and family had the highest rooms.

-Almost completely self-sufficient.

Christian Symbols:

-Used to communicate safely during persecution.

-Alpha and Omega, Egg, Elephant, and even fish meant something to the Christians of the time.

Chi Rho:

-Chi "X", Rho "P"

-Represents either Christ or Christianity.

-Marked as coins from Constantine.

The Good Shepherd:

-Young boy carrying sheep

-Marble

-Early Christian Period.

-about 3' tall

-Contrapposto.

The Basilica:

-Government building in Rome Converted into a church.

-Saint Peter's basilica is the HQ of the Church.

Lindisfarne Gospel Books:

-Oldest Translation of the Gospel

-Pages made from Sheep/Cow Hide.

Emperor Justinian and his Courtiers:

-AKA Emperor Justinian and his attendants

-Found in Italy

-Mosaic

-Elongated bodies.

-Purple glass.

-Symbolize unity of church and state.

Hagia Sophia:

-Istanbul

-Church of Holy Wisdom

-105' Dome

-Took 6 years to build.

-Serves as a museum now.

-minarets added later

Saint Marks in Venice:

-Most Famous Church in Venice

-829 CE

-Used to house and honor the remains of saint Mark.

Great mosque of Mecca and the Kaaba:

-Mosque means place of prostration.

-Holiest shrine in Islam.

-House in middle is called Kaaba, "cube"

Calligraphy:

-Artistic Arabic script. 

-Constantinople

-Islam teaches Calligraphy is Allah's expression through writing.

-Calligraphers were considered in a lofty position.

-Calligraphers were in constant prayer.

Dome of the Rock:

-Mosque in Jerusalem.

-Built on side of Solomen's Temple.

-Build in 600 CE.

-Considered a holy place for Muslims, Jews, and Christians.

Great Mosque of Cordoba:

-AKA La Mezquita

-Originally location for Roman Temple for Janus, the God of Transitions.

-Temple was converted to a church, then to a mosque. 

The Alhambra:

-A palace/fortress.

-The name means red.

-Made of clay

-one of Spain's most important buildings.

Viking burial ship from Oseberg, Norway:

-Used among Germanic people.

-Largest can be over 20m long.

-Animal heads used to scare away evil.

-Bodies would be placed in the middle as a burial.

Bayeaux Tapestry:

-Kept in France

-231' long and about 20 inches tall.

-Longest in the world.

-Scene shows William of Normand conquering the Anglo-Saxons.

Abbey Church of sainte-Foy, Conques, Auvergne, France:

-Built by monks

-Pilgrimage Church.

-Relief names the Last Judgement.

-Built in the shape of a crucifix.

-Rounded arches.

-Romanesque architecture.

The last judgement/ Tympanum:

- A relief on the Abbey Church of Sainte-foy

Chartres Cathedral:

-French

-Gothic

1194-1250

-5th church

-High point

-Pilgrimage church.

-Tunic Mary birthed Christ is on site.

-Rose Windows.

Notre Dame de Paris:

-Paris, France

-Rose windows

-Three Windows

-First Building to use flying buttresses.

-Notre Dame means "our lady"

Sainte Chapelle:

-Gothic

-Stained Glass windows.

-supposed to house the crown of thorns.