Shared Flashcard Set

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HUMS 300
N/A
33
Other
Undergraduate 4
09/08/2013

Additional Other Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Replication
Definition

 

1)    means repeating a study and checking to see if the same results occur each time.

 

Term
What are the two pillars of science?
Definition

 

Logic

 

Observation

 

Term
A sCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING OF THE WORLd must:
Definition

 

Make SEnse

 

Correspond with what we observe

 

Term
Theory
Definition

 

1)    is a systematic explanation for the observations that relate to a particular aspect of life.

 

Term
Attributes
Definition
are characteristics or qualities that describe an object.
Term
Variables
Definition
are logical groupings of attributes.
Term
Paradigm
Definition

 

1)    is a model or framework for observation and understanding which shapes what we see and how we understand it.

 

Term
Hypothesis
Definition
is a specified testable expectation about reality that follows from a more general proposition
Term
Observation
Definition
 looking at the world and making measurements of what is seen
Term
Informed Consent
Definition
that subjects must base voluntary participation in research projects on a full understanding of  the possible risks involved
Term
Anonymity
Definition
when neither the researchers nor the readers of the findings can identify a given response with a given respondent.
Term
Confidentality
Definition

 

1)    when the researcher can identify a given persons responses but promises not to do so publicly.

 

Term
Descriptive
Definition

 

1)    studies answer questions of what, where, when, and how.

 

Term
Explanatory
Definition
studies address questions of why
Term
Spurious Relationship
Definition
a coincidental statistical correlation between two variables, shown to be caused by some 3rd variable.u
Term
Necessary Cause
Definition

 

1)    represents a condition that must be present for the effect to follow.

 

Term
Sufficent Cause
Definition
guarantees the effect in question
Term
Cross-sectional Study
Definition

 

1)    involves observations of a sample of a population or phenomenon that are made at one point in time.

 

Term
Longitudinal Study
Definition

 

1)    is designed to permit observations of the same phenomenon over an extended period.

 

Term
Trend Study
Definition

 

1)    a type of longitudinal study that examines changes within a population over time.

 

Term
Cohort Study
Definition

 

1)    examines specific subpopulations as they change over time.

 

Term
Panel Study
Definition
examines the same set of people each time.
Term
Nominal Measure
Definition
Variables whose attributes have only the characteristic of exhaustiveness and mutual exclusiveness are
Term
Ordinal Measure
Definition
Variables with attributes we can logically rank order ar
Term
Interval Measure
Definition
A LeveL of Measurement describing a variable whose attributes are rank ordered and have equal distances between adjacent attributes is aN
Term
What are the 4 main steps in the construction of an index?
Definition

 

Select possible items

 

Examine Relationships

 

Score the index

 

Validate it

 

Term
Probability Sampling
Definition
When researchers want precise, statistical descriptions of large populations they use
Term
Element
Definition
is that unit about which information is collected and that provides the basis of analysis
Term
Random Selection
Definition

 

1)    means each element has an equal chance of selection, independent  of any other event in the selection process.

 

Term
Confidence Level
Definition

 

1)    the estimated probability that a population parameter lies within a given confidence interval.

 

Term
Simple Random Sampling
Definition

 

1)    a type of probability sampling in which the units composing a population are assigned numbers, after which a set of random numbers are generated and the  units having those numbers are included in the  sample.

 

Term
Systematic Sampling
Definition
a type of probability sampling in which every Kth unit in a list is selected for inclusion in the sample.
Term
Cluster
Definition

 

1)    a type of sampling that may be used when it is either impossible or impractical to compile an exhaustive list of the elements composing the target population.

 

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