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Palace of Minos
Knossos, Crete
-inner courtyard with restricted access ways(no big grand entrances)
-ashlar masonry
-half-timbering: wood placed b/w stones(dampening affect)
-wooden support columns:taper downwards
-room with stone throne:most likely for priestess
"throne room" had
*snake goddesses
*bull leaping fresco
*bull head rhyton |
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Snake Goddesses
-found in Palace of Minos
-*New Palace Period
-made of faience: glasslike material
-snake represents life,death&rebirth |
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Bull Leaping Fresco
-found in Palace of Minos
-*New Palace Period
-fresco made on lime based plaster
-profile view with *frontal eye
-*flying gallop: power & speed
-woman= white...men=red |
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Bull's Head Rhyton
-found in Palace of Minos
-used for pouring liquid during rituals
-made of rock crystal, wooden horns & shells
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Spring Fresco
*Cyclades Art
-Akrotiri on Thera(Santorini was ancient Akrotiri before volcanic eruption in New Palace Period)
-stones, flowers & birds
-e restco(what teaghan/jeff?) |
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Pylos Palace
-Plan of the Megaron
-Mycenaean Period
-Pylos focused solely on the megaron
-destroyed by fires |
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Flotilla Fresco
Found at Akrotiri on Thera(west house)
-marine fresco
-shows profile view of the town/aerial view of the river...*combined perspective
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Mask of Agamenon
Grave Circle A, Mycenae, Greece
*late helladic period
found in citadel(shaft grave)
-shows commander in chief of greek army
repousse
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Lions Gate
-Mycenaen Period
-ashlar masonry
-megalithic architecture
-corbelling arch: stepped, receding stones
-relieving triangle: lions in heraldic pose
-post & lintel; trilithon
-high relief |
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Tholos Tomb(Treasury of Atreus)
-Mycenae(Aegean) Art
-megalithic architecture
-ashlar stones
-corbelling for arched ceiling
-dromos: path leading to entrance
-stomion: entranceway
tholos: chamber/round building
-weight of earth keeps stones in place
-relieving triangle w/ no saved piece
-*compare to lions gate* |
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wet painting
-dries faster, but last longest |
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| early architectural technique in which each stone projects slightly beyond the previous layer until the top meets. results in a high arch |
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| a method of building using huge blocks of rough-hewn stone. a building of huuuuge size. |
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| type of ceramic covered colorful, opaque glazes to form a smooth surface |
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| the use of different sizes for figures to indicate importance |
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| the study of significance and interpretation as the subject matter of art |
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| relief whose figures project slightly from the background |
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| the main hall of a mycenaean palace, having a columnar porch and a room with a central fireplace surrounded by 4 columns |
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| the process of molding a 3d form out of a malleable substance |
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| a metal technique in which black sulfur alloy is rubbed into fine lines engraved into a metal. when heated, the alloy becomes fused with the metail and provides contrasting detail |
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| a technique of hammering metal from the back to create a protruding image. |
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Black-figure Vatican Amphora
-depicts Achilles & Ajax playing dice
-*painter promoted to potter:Exekias
"Exekias made me"
-fine, incised lines
-Greek
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Krater by the Hirschfeld Painter Workshop
-Late Geometric Krater
-used as a grave marker(dipylon cemetery)
-prothesis: laying body out for visitation
-upper band of face shows prothesis
-painting in silhouette
-viewers of funeral have arms raised pulling out hair
-lower register has twisted chariot
-warriors carry dipylon shields(heroic past) |
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New York Kouros
-*archaic period
-came from attica(cemetery near athens)
-young male, heroic nudity
-marble from naxos
-*frontality: carved from all 4 sides of stone
-bilateral symmetry, hair, muscle patterns
-influenced by Egyptian canon |
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| Collapse of Mycenaean Civilization 1200-1100 |
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-Collapse began "Dark Age" (aka Early Iron Age)
-society no longer organized at state level
-loss of writing, elite arts |
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Berlin Kore
-*Archaic Period
-female counterpart to the Kouros
-holding pomegranate: represents eternal life
-funerary statue
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Anavysos Kouros(Kroisos)
-from Anavysos cemetery in Attica
-more developed human figure
-*Archaic Period
-found with plinth: greek poem inscribed |
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Peplos Kore
-*Archaic Period
-archaic smile
-votive statue
-would have had a bent arm
-attributes: objects which identify an individual |
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Red-figure Krater
-Euphronios: painter
-Euxitheos: potter
-shows death of hero Sarpedon
-foreshortening
-hypnos & thanatos: heroes
-hermes in background-accompany to underworld
-kalos inscription- means good or beautiful |
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| red & black figure painting techniques |
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red originated after black
red: painting applied to unfired vessel. fired. then drawn over
black: vessel fired to turn black,then drawings were drawn onto it |
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Doryphoros(spear bearer)
-by Polykleitos(has his own canon)
-*high classical period
-roman marble copy of greek bronze original
-trailing leg: behind, inactive
-contrapposto: balancing weight shift
-most copied roman work
-tree trunk is clear sign of roman copy
-summetria: measure of two things
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Kritios Boy
-from acropolis of athens
-votive offering
-no longer uses bilateral symmetry
-muscle movement
-*archaic period
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-summetria:combination of two things
-commensurability
-proportion |
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Delphi Charioteer
-bronze statue commissioned for victory of a chariot team
-commissioned by Polyzalus |
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| -memorize locations of Parthenon, Propylaia, Temple of Athena Nike, & Erechteion |
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Athena Parthenos
-sculptor: pheidias
-42 ft tall
-*438 BCE
-smaller: ionic |
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Parthenon
-c.447-432 BCE
-sponser/patron: Perikles
-architects: Iktinos & Kallikrates
-master sculpture: Pheidias
-stylobate curvature: steps not flat
-columns angled slightly
-extra wide for statue of athena
-entasis- columns swell
-columns 8x17
pediments: triangular space near ceiling
-eastern pediment: birth of Athena
-western pediment: contest b/w athena & poseidon
-metopes: mythological scenes(doric style)
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Lapis fighting a Centaur
-Metope from the south of Parthenon
-*high classical art
-shows action |
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Parthenon Frieze
-two main friezes
-doric frieze: 92 metope reliefs showing battles, all dealing with two legendary figures
-processional frieze: ionic frieze that shows a festival celebration. heroic nudity. shows presentation of peplos cloth to athena |
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Temple of Athena Nike
-ionic style temple
-amphiprostyle plan: porch on each end
-surrounded by parapet:low wall
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Propylaia
-Doric columns
-Mnesikles: architect |
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Erechtheion
-temple of athena polias
-issues with topography & religious priests: irregular plan
-columns with attic ionic bases: adapted by Romans
-porch of the maidens(caryatid: female figure column) |
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Aphrodite of Knidos by Praxiteles
-roman copy
-first representation of nude aphrodite
-contrapposto
-original: marble c. 350-340
*late classical period |
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Weary Herakles by Lysippos
-roman copy
-hand behind back holding apples of hesperides
*high classical period
*c. 320 BCE |
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*"anasis made me"
signature on attic black-figure amphora
painters actual name unknown
-dionysos and maenads |
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Attic Red Figure Krater
*"Euphronions drew me"
crater: mixed wine & water
-shows death of sarpedon
-foreshortening
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| staff held by hermes in the red river krater |
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| inner chamber in a temple. room in central building |
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| a sculpture of a draped female figure acting as a column |
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| chryselephantine technique |
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| sculpture made of gold or ivory |
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| the sculpted block that tops a column. |
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-columns stand on flat pavement
-topped with smooth capital
-alternating trigylphs & metopes |
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-has a frieze
-stands on a platform
-has the scroll looking thing on top |
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| slight swelling of the shaft of the greek column. makes column appear to be straight from afar |
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| the middle element of the entablature between the architrave and the cornice. usually decorated with a sculpture. |
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| in greek temples, the entrance porch or room at the back |
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| any building or room that is surrounded by a single row of columns |
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| in classical architecture, the stone foundation on which a temple colonnade stands |
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| the small piece of stone that is pierced together to create a mosaic |
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| rectangular block between the metopes on a doric frieze. has 3 vertical grooves. |
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Capitoline Wolf
-twins added 15th century
-shows story of founding of rome
-little windows suggest single pour- medieval technique.
-ancient sources talk of wolf, but not this wolf
-actually created 8-9th century |
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Reconstruction of an Etruscan temple
-covered roofs with terracotta ceramics
-vitruvius "tuscan" order(similar to doric)
-model based on vitruvius's handbook "10 books on architecture"
no columns around back, or pediment
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| Plan of an Etruscan Temple |
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Apollo of Veii
-found in temple of minerva at veii
-master sculpture: vulca?
-no contropestto, but in motion
-shows estruscans didn't do nudity
-tuscan terracotta sculpture
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Tomb of the Reliefs, Cerveteri
-architectural burial underground
-instead of painting walls, they're carved out of relief |
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Tomb of the Triclinium, Tarquinia
tufo= volcanic tuff
-burial chamber below ground
-males= red, females= white.
-painted |
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Reclining Couple on a Sarcophagus from Cerveteri
-husband and wife scene
-more intimacy in etruscan art
-woman held more recognition here than in greece |
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Aulus Metullus "The Orator"
-naturalism
-"verism"= actually shows face, not ideal face
-adlocutio pose
-lifesize statue
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Temple of Aphaia on Aegina
-columns around building
-pediments have sculptures
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