Term
Acute respiratory failure define
2 type |
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Definition
Decreased O2 or Increased CO2 due to airway issues
Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure: Increased CO2 with normal or decreased O2
Non-hypercapnic Respiratory Failure: decreased O2, normal/decreased CO2 |
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Term
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Definition
Bronchitis
Cyanotic, productive cough x 3 months
TONS OF MUCUS
60/60 club. 60%O2, 60%CO2
smoker |
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Term
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Definition
Emphysema
smoker or alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency in young
DESTRUCTION of alveolar walls
Barrel chest - increased AP diameter
Flattened diaphragm |
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Term
| 5 Findings in Consolidation Pneumonia |
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Definition
(1) Dullness on percussion
(2) Increased fremitus
(3) E to A changes
(4) Decreased breath sounds
(5) Whispered pectoriloquy over consolidation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| A-a gradient Equation Normal? |
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Definition
| Normal 10-20 150- [pO2 + pCO2/0.8)] |
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Term
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Definition
| WARNING SIGN - -- impending respiratory failure, ultimate respiratory arrest -- cardiopulmonary arrest |
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Term
| arrhythmia jumps or skips |
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Definition
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Term
| arrhythmia independent of exercise or excitement, anemia, febriles states, hypoglycemia, anxiety (3) |
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Definition
A fib
A fluter
Thyrotoxicosis |
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Term
| "Atacks" develop rapidly, but not sudden. |
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Definition
| hemorrhage, hypoglycemia, adrenal medullary tumor |
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Term
| arrythmias Sx on standing |
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Definition
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Term
| arrhythmia rate is normal and regular rhythm |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| within 90 minutes - lowers mortality at 24 hours and 30 days |
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Term
MI tx at 1-2 hours?
MI tx at 2-12 hours? |
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Definition
1-2: substantial myocardial salvage - affects survival and LV function
2-12: modest benefit, improved electrophysiologic stability |
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Term
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Definition
| dyspnea, syncope, confusion, stroke, fatigue, generalized weakness, N/V |
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Term
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Definition
ESTABLISHES CRITERIA THAT DICTATES THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION!
Do serial EKGs = 1/2 pts EKG is normal at first, then changes |
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Term
| AMI pt with systolic BP >90 give what med? |
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Definition
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Term
| 5 Contraindications to thrombolytic therapy in AMI pt |
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Definition
(1) Recent major surgery - 10 days
(2) Cerebrovascular disease
(3) Recent GI/GU bleeding - 10 days
(4) Recent trauma - 10 days
(5) Hypertension, systolic >190, diastolic >110 |
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Term
Positive tests in post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis? (6)
Exam findings? (2) |
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Definition
(1) anti-streptolysin O (ASO)
(2) anti-DNase B
(3) anti-hyaluronidase
(4) anti-streptokinase
(5) Elevated C3
(6) Normal C4
Elevated BP, Peripheral edema |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Semen, alkaline urine >9 pH, contamination |
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Term
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Definition
| Vitamin C - if dipstick is negative, you can believe it. rare to have false - |
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Term
Dipstick for blood +
Micro for blood - |
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Definition
| Hemoglobinuria/Myoglobinuria |
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Term
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Definition
Alports Disease
X linked hereditary nephritis |
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Term
+family hx of hematuria
No renal failure |
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Definition
Thin Basement membrane disease
autosomal dominant - benign familial hematuria |
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Term
Berger's Disease
C' level? |
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Definition
aka IgA nephropathy
IgA deposits in BM
COMPLEMENT LEVELS NORMAL |
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Term
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Definition
(1) glomerulonephritis
(2) Pulmonary hemmorrhage
(3) anti-GBM antibodies |
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Term
| Urethral irritation + no discharge |
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Definition
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Term
Penile discharge +
pain with ejaculation, pain in back, deep pelvic pain, perineal pain
Dribbling or hesitancy |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
(1) Arthritis
(2) Urethritis
(3) Conjunctivitis
(4) Dermatitis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| PainLESS ulcer on penis + painLESS lymphendopathy |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| BEST TEST for lab analysis of uretral discharge*** |
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Definition
| Nucleic Acid Amplification |
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Term
| Penile discharge + joint pain or rash |
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Definition
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Term
| Urethral discharge gram stain = gram negative intracellular diplococci |
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Definition
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Term
| Painless papule with tender lymph nodes |
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Definition
Lyphogranuloma venereum (LGV)
chlamydia types L1-L3 |
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Term
| Painful ulcer with tender lymph nodes |
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Definition
Chancroid
Hemophilus ducreyi |
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Term
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Definition
| ANEMIA!!!!! + Reticulocytes |
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Term
| Most common bug for Septicemia in sicklers |
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Definition
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Term
| Most common bug for meningitis in sicklers |
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Definition
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Term
| Most common bug for Osteomyelitis in sicklers*** |
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Definition
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Term
| Most common bug for Pneumonia in sicklers |
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Definition
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Term
| Tetrad of Tetrology of Fallot |
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Definition
(1) Pulmonary Stenosis
(2) RV hypertrophy
(3) Overriding Aorta
(4) Ventricular septal defect |
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Term
|
Definition
T names
Right- to- left shunts
Tetrology of Fallot
Transpostition of Great vessels
Tricuspid Atresia
Truncus Arteriosus
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return |
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Term
| CXR of tetrology of fallout |
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Definition
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Term
| CXR -- egg on a string, narrow mediastinum |
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Definition
| Transposition of Great Vessels |
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Term
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Definition
D names
Left to right shunts
ventricular septal DEFECT
atrial septal DEFECT
patent DUCTUS arterioles |
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Term
| Femoral pulses weaker than radial pulse |
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Definition
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Term
| DiGeorge Syndrome Findings |
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Definition
CATCH 22 --- 22q11.2 Deletion
Cardiac defects
Abnormal facial features
Thymic hypoplasia
Cleft palate
Hypocalcemia |
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Term
| Rose colored spots on soft palate/ Forchheimer spots |
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Definition
Congenital Rubella Syndrome
neonatal = intrauterine growth restriction, microcephaly, microphthalmia, B/T cell deficiencies |
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Term
| Short girl with web neck, coarctation of aorta |
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Definition
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Term
| 5 Jones Criteria for Rheumatic Fever |
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Definition
(1) Polyarthritis
(2) Carditits
(3) Chorea
(4) Erythema marginatum
(5) Subcutaneous nodules |
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Term
Kawasaki acute sx
Kawasaki subacute sx
Tx? |
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Definition
Acute: fever (UO), conjunctival erythema, strawberry tongue, giant cell artery aneuryms
Sub acute: Dequamationof skin, thrombocytosis, onset of aneuryms
Tx: IV Ig, aspirin in acute phase |
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Term
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Definition
Cefriaxone 250 mg IM single dose
Azithromycin 1gm orally in single dose |
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Term
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Definition
How to determine tx in pediatric asthma
If daytime sx occurring two or more times per week
Or Nighttime sx two or more times per month
Need Anti-inflammatory medication |
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Term
| UL absent breath sounds, persistent wheezing unresponsive to drugs |
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Definition
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Term
| Radiograph for foreign body? |
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Definition
| Expiratory lateral decubitus chest radiographs |
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Term
| See nasal polyposis - think what?**** |
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Definition
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Term
| What week gestation does kid have surfactant? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ground-Glass haze in lung surrounding air filling bronchi **** |
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Definition
| Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome |
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Term
Transient Tachympnea of newborn (TTN)?
Tx? |
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Definition
| self-limiting condition characterized by tachypnea, mild retractions, hypoxia, and occasion grunting Tx on if cyanotic with 30% O2 |
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Term
Litterer-Siwe Disease / Histiocytosis X
Characteristic?
Include in what dDx? |
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Definition
Characterized by hemorrhagic or petechial lesions
Include in dDX of Atopic Dermatitis |
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Term
| Morning Stiffness, Symmetic swelling of joints |
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Definition
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Term
| Looks like Rheumatoid + Back Pain |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Morning stiffness + pain wakes you up at night |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
DO THOROUGH SKIN EXAM
Psoriatic Arthritis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Person from minnesota or from scandenavian descent |
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Definition
Giant Cell ARteritis
Temporal biopsy
BLINDNESS!! - occlusion of opthalmic artery |
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Term
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Definition
Takayasu's Arteitis
Pulseless disease |
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Term
Nasal Septal perforation
Bloody/serous nasal discharge |
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Definition
Wegener Granulomatosis
c-ANCA |
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Term
Palpable purport + bowel intussusception
Granulocytes and WBC debris in vessel wall
IgA deposits in skin |
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Definition
| Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura |
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Term
| What makes you think vasculitis? |
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Definition
Palpable purpura
unexplained pulmonary infiltrates
Hematuria
mono neuritis
Digital/limb ischemia
Stroke like syndrome in young pt
Unexplained visual change with elevated ESR (giant cell) |
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Term
| Beck's Triad of Tamponade |
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Definition
(1) Hypotension
(2) JVD
(3) Distal heart sounds |
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Term
| Chest pain worse with respiration and laying flat |
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Definition
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Term
Paradoxical pulse define
disease? |
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Definition
Define - 10mm drop in systolic BP with inspiration
Chronic pericarditis |
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Term
JVD with + Kussmauls sign
Edema |
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Definition
| Chronic, Constrictive Pericarditis |
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Term
| Heart failure + suggestion of liver failure |
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Definition
| chronic, Constrictive Pericarditis |
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Term
| AIDS pt with effusion and tamponade |
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Definition
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Term
| "Immigrant from India/Mexico with gradual onset of heart or liver failure" |
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Definition
| TB caused Constrictive Pericarditis |
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Term
| Low voltage QRS complexes |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Peripheral arterial insufficiency due to smoking!!!! |
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Term
|
Definition
Aortoiliac occlusive diease
Buttock, hip, thigh pain
Erectile dysfunction |
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Term
| Gold standard for dx of PVD |
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Definition
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Term
| Pt has intermittent claudication - include what in you dDx**** |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 Steps of Pulmonary Exam *** |
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Definition
(1) Inspect
(2) Palpate
(3) Percuss
(4) Auscultate |
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Term
| What do you do with pt with Pneumonia + leukopenia** |
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Definition
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Term
| Most common cause of pericarditis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do you hear with pericarditis? |
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Definition
| Friction Rub louder when leaning forward |
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Term
| Gram- bacilli pneumonia in alcoholics |
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Definition
|
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Term
| 3 Most common bug causes of pneumonia |
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Definition
Strep pneumo
Haemophilus influenza
Moraxella catarrhalis |
|
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Term
| multiple lung cavities...think? |
|
Definition
septic emboli
DKA, mental status changes |
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Term
| Chicken farmer in midwest, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana with pneumonia |
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Definition
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|
Term
FEV1/FVC ratio Increased
DLCO decreased |
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Definition
| Interstitial Lung Disease (pulmonary fibrosis) |
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Term
| Histological hallmark of IPF (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) |
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Definition
| Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP) |
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Term
|
Definition
UIP
indicates idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis |
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Term
|
Definition
(1) Stasis
(2) Injury
(3) Hypercoagulability |
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Term
Unexplained dyspnea, tachycardia
R/O? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Hypoxemia + Hypocapnia = **** |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UNDERLYING MECHANISM OF ARDS?****** |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| "Mom gives kid apple juice - scream in pain" |
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Definition
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|
Term
| CSF has mononuclear pleocytosis *** |
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Definition
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Term
| Mumps maximum period of infectiousness |
|
Definition
Via respiratory droplets (P2P)
1-2 days before, and 5 days after parotid swelling |
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Term
Mumps vaccine
1st dose?
2nd dose? |
|
Definition
1: 12-15 months
2: 4-6 years
Live vaccine - no immunosuppresed
HIV who are fairly health, still get vaccine - benefits out weight vaccine risks |
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Term
| 10 day old with SEZIURES!...think? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Eastern coastal, Southeastern, and western states with rash
May- October |
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Definition
| Rocky Mountain spotted fever |
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Term
| Rash starts peripherally and spreads to entire body including palms and soles**** |
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Definition
| Rocky Mountain Spotted fever |
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Term
Most common cause of pneumonia in:
Neonates?
3-12 months?
12-60 months?
5-18 years?
>18 years? |
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Definition
Neonates = Group B Strep
3-12 months = RSV
12-60 months = Respiratory virus
5-18 years = M. pneumonia
>18 years = M. pneumonia |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bullous myringitis (ear drum thing) bug? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Conjunctivitis + sore throat = ? |
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Definition
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Term
Child with
HA + N/V/abd pain + sore throat = ? |
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Definition
| Strep until proven otherwise |
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Term
| ***Sore throat + drooling + respiratory difficulties = ? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Peritonsilar abscess or lingular tonsillits |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cicumoral pallor + rash = ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Rash on trunk = SPARES PALMS AND SOLES |
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Definition
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Term
| Ampicillin or Amoxicillin give what rash? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Centor Criteria for Strep Troat |
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Definition
(1) No cough
(2) Febrile
(3) Anterior Lymphadenopathy
(4) Exudate |
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Term
| Pyuria + bacteriuria + WBC casts = |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Pyuria + bacteriuria only = |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| pyuria without bacteriuria |
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Definition
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|
Term
Tx of Uncomplicated UTI
complicated? |
|
Definition
3 days of TMP-SMX
Pain relief with Pyridium for 2 days ONLY!
complicated = 7 days of tx |
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Term
| Fundoscopic Acute hypertensive damage |
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Definition
| Papilledema, fundal hemorrhage, vasospasm |
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Term
| Fundoscopic Chronic hypertensive damage |
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Definition
| AV nicking, silver wiring, arteriolar aneurysms, cotton-wool exudates |
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Term
| Define Hypertensive Urgency |
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Definition
| Diastolic >115 NO END ORGAN DAMAGE |
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Term
|
Definition
| MAP = diastolic BP + [(systolic-diastolic) / 3] |
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Term
| Renal biopsy shows what in PSGN |
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Definition
| IgG and C3 pattern, sub epithelial deposits "humps" |
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Term
| Leads for Anterior Infarct STEMI |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Leads for Lateral Infarct STEMI |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Leads for Inferior Infarct STEMI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Leads for Posterior Infarct |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| EKG changes in INFARCTION |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Murmur with Ejection Click |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Murmur with Mid systolic click |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Continuous machine like murmur |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 murmurs intensified by Valsalva Manuever |
|
Definition
(1) MVP
(2) Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy |
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|
Term
| Murmur that decreases with hand grip |
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Definition
| Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy |
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|
Term
Normal Pressure Values?
Wedge =
Right Atrium =
Pulm. Artery =
Left Ventricle = |
|
Definition
Wedge = <12
RA = <5
PA = <25/10
LV = <130/10 |
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