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| a word opposite in meaning to another word. |
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| a learning technique involving open group discussion intended to expand the range of available ideas. |
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| 1. the reconstruction of the intended meaning of a communication; accurately understanding what is written or said. 2. the construction of the meaning of a written or spoken communication through a reciprocal, holistic interchange of ideas between the interpreter and the message in a particular communicative context. |
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| 1. in reading, a systematic sequence of steps for understanding text, as in the SQ3R study method. 2. any of these steps used singly or in combination to attain comprehension, or teaching techniques such as mapping, tree diagramming, etc., used to help students become strategic readers. |
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| visual representations that help students organize information from any learning experience (diagram, map, chart, graphs, graphic organizers). |
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| connotative meaning (connotation) |
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| the emotional association(s) suggested by the primary meaning of a lexical unit; which affects its interpretations; affective meaning; emotive meaning. |
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| 1. the sound, word, or phrases adjacent to a spoken or written language unit; linguistic environment. 2. the social or cultural situation in which a spoken or written message occurs. |
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| denotative meaning (denotation) |
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| the relationship between a liguistic event and its referent, as book denotes the object "book", referential meaning; cognitive meaning. |
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| the study of the history and development of the structures and meanings of words; derivation. |
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| expository text (exposition) |
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| one of the four traditional forms of composition in speech and writing intended to set forth or explain. |
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| language enriched by word images and figures of speech. |
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| 1. the gist of a passage; central thought. 2. the chief topic of a passage expressed or implied in a word or phrase. 3. the topic sentence of a paragraph. 4. "a statement in sentence form which gives the stated or implied major topic of a passage and the specific way in which the passage is limited in content or reference". |
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| the phonlogical, morphological, syntactic, and semantic description of both the language's structure and its evolution over time. The morphology and syntax of a language. |
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| contains a picture or schematic diagram of the important words in the chapter and discusses with the students how these words relate to each other. Can be used as a pre or post teaching strategy for learning vocab, presenting idea frameworks to show conceptual relationships in vocab and to help teachers clarify teaching goals. |
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| awareness and knowledge of one's mental processes such that one can monitor, regulate, and direct them to a desired end; self-meditation. |
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| a figure of speech in which comparison is implied but not stated. |
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| 1. in general, a story, actual or fictional, expressed orally or in writing. 2. specifically, "an expression of event-based experiences that are either: a. stored in memory or cognitively constructed, b. selected by the teller/writer to transmit to the audience/reader, or c. organized in knowledge stuctures that can be anticipated by the audience." 3. referring to such a story or set of events and experiences. |
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| a person's use of knowledge about language and the context in which it occurs to anticipate what is coming in writing or speech, as if one reads prag- at the end of a line, one ________ strategy might be to expect the word pragmatic. |
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| 1. a generalized description, plan, or structure, as a ______ of the reading process. 2. a system of cognitive structures stored in memory that are abstract representation of events, objects, and relationships in the world. 3. in Piagetion theory, an image representing reality that is held in thought but not transformed through thought. |
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| comparison of two things usually using like or as. |
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| in text analysis, a formal divice or _______ used for specifying relations among episodes in a _______ and to formulate rules for generating other _______. (two different words one involves syntax and the other narrative). |
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| 1. one of two or more words in a language that have highly similar meanings, as sadness, grief, sorrow, etc. 2. a word used in a figurative sense, as the deep for water, a heel for an untrustworthy person, etc.; metonym. |
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| the various patterns of ideas that are embedded in the organization of text. Common patterns of this are expository, cause-effect, comparison-contrast, problem-solution, description, and sequence. |
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