Term
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Definition
| Tcr beta chain and heavy chain |
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Term
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Definition
| TCR alpha and light chain |
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Term
| primary adaptive immune response is initiated in... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
presents to CD8 cells
from intracellular pathogens |
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Term
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Definition
presents to CD4 cells
from extracellular pathogens
macrophages,dendritic cell and B cells |
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Term
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Definition
adaptor proteins
facilitate phagocytosis
facilitate complement activation |
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Term
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Definition
| when memory cell are available, the naive lymphocyte process is completely shut down |
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Term
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Definition
| any substance that can be bound by antibody |
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Term
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Definition
| any Ag that can induce an immune response |
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Term
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Definition
| protein (>polysaccharides>lipid>nucleic acids) |
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Term
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Definition
| enhances immune response to Ag |
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Term
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Definition
portion of Ag that antibody binds
(linear, discontinuos, neoantigenic--> newly formed due to refolding) |
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Term
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Definition
| to small to envoke immune response unless attached to larger antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| most intimate contact with AG, subject to great variability, AKA CDR, changes cause change in affinity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| tail of Ab molecule, site of complement activation (IgM and IgG), helps IgG cross the placenta |
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Term
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Definition
| yields single frag with 2 Ag binding sites (F(ab)2), Fc portion is degraded |
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Term
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Definition
| pentamer (monomer on B cell surface), activates complement, largest Ig, first activated |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| most prevalent in serum, inactivates viruses, activates complement, crosses placenta, promotes phagocytosis |
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Term
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Definition
| dimer in secretion, protects agst enzymatic breakdown of gut |
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Term
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Definition
| mediates allergic reactions, bound to mast cell and basophils |
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Term
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Definition
| C1q binds to Fc portion of IgM or IgG2 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| limits duration of C1 activity, binds to C1r and c1s and disass them from C1q |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cleavse C3b into inactive iC3b |
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Term
| DAF (decay accelerating factor) |
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Definition
diass Bb from C3b
same function as CR1 |
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Term
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Definition
diass Bb from C3b
binds to C3b
enhances phagocytosis
protects human cells from complement activation |
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Term
| MCP (membrane cofactor protein) |
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Definition
disass Bb from c3b, cofactor for factor I, also binds C4b making it susceptible to factor I
aids in destruction of both c3 convertases |
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Term
| S protein, clusterin, factor J |
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Definition
| prevent c5b67 from attaching to cell surface |
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Term
| Homologous restriction factor (HRF) and CD59 (protectin) |
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Definition
| bind to C5-8, prevent C9 recruitment |
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Term
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Definition
component or BCR
binds to IC3b
provides strong activation stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| binds iC3b, augments phagocytosis |
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Term
| biologic functions complement |
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Definition
| cytolysis, oponization, inflammation, immune complex removal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| RAG (recombination activation genes) |
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Definition
directs recombination
binds to RSS of 12 or 23 nucleotides |
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Term
| alternative RNA processing |
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Definition
| switches from membrane bound to secreted |
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Term
| heavy chain class switching |
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Definition
| association of VDJ segments with different C genes, changes isotype not specificity |
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Term
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Definition
| single nucleotide substitutions in V regions in CDRs, may increase affinity for antigen |
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Term
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Definition
H and L germline arrangement
no surface Ig
bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
H rearrangement, DJ then VDJ
L germline arrangement
no surface Ig (Ag unresponsive)
bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
has BCR (mu heavy chain and surrogate light chains)
BCR associates with Iga and Igb
BCR induces light chain rearrangement |
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Term
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Definition
has BCR (mu heavy chain and surrogate light chains)
BCR associates with Iga and Igb
BCR induces light chain rearrangement |
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Term
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Definition
expresses IgM and Iga/b complex
light chain either kappa or lambda
undergo negative selection |
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Term
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Definition
express IgM and IgD
Ag responsive |
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Term
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Definition
whether gamma:delta occurs before beta
if beta happens first...
forms pre TCR (pTalpha), rearrangment stops
alpha rearragement begins (again a race with gamma:delta)
if a cell wins, cell is committed to alpha:beta |
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Term
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Definition
required for TCR expression
has four invariant membrane proteins
directs intracellular signaling via ITAMS |
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Term
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Definition
| TCR must recognize both antigen fragment and MHC molecule |
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Term
| double negative thymocyte |
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Definition
no CD4 or CD8 markers
germline configuration |
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Term
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Definition
| marked by CD25 expression (IL2R) and decreased CD44 expression |
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Term
| double positive thymocyte |
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Definition
expresses both CD4 and CD8
(expressed after B chain is complete) |
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Term
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Definition
| recognizes peptides presented on self MHC molecules, in cortex of thymus |
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Term
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Definition
| eliminates cells that bind with a high affinity to self peptides |
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Term
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Definition
alpha chain with 3 extracellular domains and one intracellular, B2 microglobulin -->invariant
binds small peptides due to structure |
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Term
| structure of Class II mHC |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| endogenous pathway for APC |
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Definition
1. ubiquitin
2. TAP- binds Ag fragments and transports them into ER
3. Tapasin- positions Class I for receiving peptide |
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Term
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Definition
| positions Class I for receiving peptide |
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Term
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Definition
| made in response to IFN, skews proteosome to produce |
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Term
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Definition
| stabalize newly formed MHC I molecule until B2 invariant binds |
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Term
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Definition
| associates with newly formed MHC II in ER to prevent peptides from binding |
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Term
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Definition
| invariant chain fragment left follwing cleavage |
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Term
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Definition
| catalyses the release of CLIP and allows processed antigens to bind |
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Term
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Definition
| ER membranes form under phagocytotic cup, brings MHC Class I processing in close proximity |
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Term
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Definition
| dendritic cell uptake of apoptic blebs, eventually displayed as class I |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| binds CD34, GLyCAM, MADCAM (on endothelium), allows T cells to roll across endothelial cells |
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Term
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Definition
activated by local chemokines
binds to ICAM-1
allows for diapedesis
also loosely holds Tcell and APC together
affinity increases if TCR recognizes MHC+peptide |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| signal 1 for activation of T cell |
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Definition
| TCR:MHC peptide and CD4/8 |
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Term
| signal 2 for activation of T cell |
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Definition
CD28:B7
costimulation
leads to clonal expansion
bacteria induces expression on macrophages and B cells |
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Term
| signals produced by dendritic cells |
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Definition
CCL18- attracts naive T cells
DEC 205: phagocytosis
ICAM-3: T cells |
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Term
| Needed for T cell activation |
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Definition
adhesion molecules (homing)
b7/CD28 (2nd signal for activation)
CD3 complex (intracellular signaling)
CD4/8 (essential for effective T cell stim) |
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Term
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Definition
| binds to phosphorylated ITAMS |
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Term
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Definition
| activates ZAP70 (which activated PLC gamma) |
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Term
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Definition
leads to DAG and Ip3 formation
Leads to NFAT and NFkB activation |
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Term
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Definition
activated by ZAP70
FOs and Jun induction
AP1 activation |
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Term
| Dendritic cell and CD8 activation |
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Definition
| express high levels of B7 sufficient for CD8 activation |
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Term
| transition from naive to effector cells |
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Definition
L selectin is turned off
VLA-4 is turned on
CD45RA --> CD45RO |
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Term
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Definition
| binds to VCAM-1, directs T cells to infected tissues |
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Term
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Definition
associates with TCR and CD4
increases sensitivity to stimulation, requiring lower concentrations of peptide:MHC complexes |
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Term
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Definition
| binds to Fas and causes caspase activation |
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Term
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Definition
| polymerizes to form pores in target cell membrane |
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Term
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Definition
type of CD4 cell
macrophage activation, Bcell activation, oponization, IgG1 production
elimination of extracellular and intravesicular pathogens |
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Term
| TH1 differentation driven by |
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Definition
IL-12 (signals using STAT4)
and (IL27)(activates Tbet) |
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Term
| Th1 cells produce and express |
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Definition
IFN gamma and CD40L
activate macrophages
increase expression of B7 and Class II
increases microbicidial substances |
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Term
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Definition
type of CD4 cell
involved in activation of B cells |
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Term
| Th2 cell differentation driven by |
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Definition
| IL-4 (leads to expression of GATA3 and STAT6) |
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Term
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Definition
IL4 and CD40L: drives B cell proliferation
IL5 and IL6: drive B cell differentation to AB secreting plasma cell |
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Term
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Definition
IL23 from dendritic cells drive T cells to produce IL17
rapidly recruit neutrophils to the site of infection |
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Term
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Definition
type of C4 cells
express CD4, CD25 and Foxp3
expresses CTLA-4 (binds to B7)
IL2 dependent
secrete IL10
contact dependent regulation |
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Term
| Inhibit activation of Th1 cells |
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Definition
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Term
| inhibits proliferation of Th2 cells |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
induces Tbet and STAT6
inhibits GATA3 activation |
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Term
| macrophages produce these cytokines |
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Definition
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