Term
| Describe the disease caused by hepatitis D |
|
Definition
Delta agent
Fulminant hepatitis
Cirrhosis |
|
|
Term
| What is the mode of transmission for herpes simplex 1 and 2? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What would be the expected results using the Weil-Felix test for Ricketteia rickettsii? |
|
Definition
| Clumping with OX-19 and 0X-2 |
|
|
Term
| What would be the expected results using the Weil-Felix test for Ehrlichia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What would be the expected results using the Weil-Felix test for Coxiella burnetti? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the specimen appropriate for detecting hepatitis viruses A, B, D, & E? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting hepatitis viruses A, B, D, & E? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: The doctor suspects the patient has rheumatic fever so he should order a culture for Group A Streptococci. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: The doctor suspects the patient has rheumatic fever so he should order a culture for Group A Streptococci. |
|
Definition
It is too late to culture for GAS
Needs to look for ABYs |
|
|
Term
| Two factors that can affect virus recovery and nucleic acid detection are |
|
Definition
Swab composition
Anticoagulants |
|
|
Term
| Describe the disease caused by hepatitis A |
|
Definition
low risk of fluminant disease
No chronic disease |
|
|
Term
| What else is Hepatitis A known by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred test for diagnosing RMSF? |
|
Definition
Direct Immunofluorescence test on skin
-Look for AGN |
|
|
Term
| When diagnosing RMSF what are you looking for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Autoantibodies that agglutinate human RBCs at temperatures less than 37 degrees Celsius are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What serves as the antigen in the RPR and VDRL tests? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What will improve the RPR and VDRL tests? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What type of heterophile ABY is present in the Davidsohn differential test results shown below?
Serum (pretreat w/ beef RBC AGN) + horse RBC: No clumping
Serum (pretreat w/ guinea pig AGN) + horse RBC: No clumping |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which Hepatitis B marker indicates a current (acute) infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List the viral vaccines that are currently available |
|
Definition
Hep A & B
Measles/mumps/rubella
varicella/zoster
rotavirus
HPV
Influenze |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of using choline in the RPR test? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of using charcoal in the RPR test? |
|
Definition
| Helps with the reading of the test results |
|
|
Term
| Term used to describe the frequency of positive test results in patients WITH a particular disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A highly sensitivity test will have a ___ ___ ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How often do primary cell lines divide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an example of a primary cell line? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the specimen appropriate for detecting rotavirus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting rotavirus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type of heterophile ABYs formed in response to certain vaccines, drugs, and serum from different animal species |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which virus is required for the replication of hepatitis D virus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Identify the correct order for the following cold agglutinin test steps:
a. warm tubes and determine titer
b. refrigerate tubes overnight
c. dilute patient serum
d. remove from refrigerator and read tubes
e. add RBCs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Physical changes in appearance of cells following infection by virus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which viruses are commonly cultured? |
|
Definition
HSV
CMV
Enterovirus
Influenze A & B
RSV
Rabies
Adenovirus |
|
|
Term
| An infection that lies dormant in the body for months or years but can reappear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give one good example of latient infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the diseases caused by Toxoplasma |
|
Definition
Variety
Including Congenital Infections |
|
|
Term
| Which Hepatitis B marker indicates the patient has recovered and is present following Hepatitis B immunization? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the diseases caused by dengue virus |
|
Definition
Dengue fever
Dengue hemorrhagic fever |
|
|
Term
| What is the best course of action for a patient with symptoms suggestive of infectious mono and his/her heterophile antibody test is negative? |
|
Definition
| Perform specific EBV ABY test |
|
|
Term
| Two examples of specific EBV ABY tests |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Place the following viral replication steps in the correct order:
a. released from host cell
b. viral protein & genome are reassembled
c. attaches to susceptible host cell
d. loses capsid & genome directs host cell to make viral parts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Identify the following test:
Serum (unknown ABYs) + smear of viral infected cells (known AGN) + Fluorescein-labeled anti-human ABYs |
|
Definition
| Indirect fluorescence assay for ABY |
|
|
Term
| Which syphilis tests are considered treponemal tests? |
|
Definition
FTA-ABS
Gelatin particle agglutination |
|
|
Term
| One example of gelatin particle agglutination test |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the specimen appropriate for detecting influenza? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting influenza? |
|
Definition
AGN detection
NAAT
Serology
Cultures |
|
|
Term
| Name the diseases caused by Epstein-Barr virus |
|
Definition
Burkitt's Lymphoma
Infectious mononucleosis |
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by Colorado ticks? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Originally, viruses were classified by ___, ___, & ___ |
|
Definition
Mode of transmission
Locale
Body Site |
|
|
Term
| What causes biological false positives? |
|
Definition
Autoimmune diseases
drug addiction
pregnancy
some infections |
|
|
Term
| Name the diseases caused by adenovirus |
|
Definition
Ocular
Diarrhea
Respiratory |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the viral transport medium? |
|
Definition
| Inhibit bacterial and fungal growth |
|
|
Term
| What is the mode of transmission for EBV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred test for diagnosing ehrlichiosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is the VDRL test performed? |
|
Definition
Prepare AGN
Heat inactive serum
Mix with AGN |
|
|
Term
| What are you looking for with the VDRL test? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred test for diagnosing tularemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by measles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which Hepatitis D marker indicates a current (acute) infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the diseases caused by hantaviruses |
|
Definition
Pulmonary syndrome
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome |
|
|
Term
| T or F: A newborn with a reactive VDRL test always has syphilis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Maternal ABY may cause a reactive test result in a newborn |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which organisms elicit cold agglutinins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the mode of transmission for influenza? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which test is recommended for testing CSF for syphilis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which test is recommended for diagnosing congenital syphilis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by human parovirus - B19 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Although cytomegalovirus infections are usually asymptomatic, what diseases can be caused by cytomegalovirus? |
|
Definition
Neonatal infections
Immunocompromised infections
Mononucleosis-like |
|
|
Term
| Which tests can be used to diagnosis acute glomerulonephritis? |
|
Definition
Anti-hyaluronidase
Anti-DNAse
Streptozyme |
|
|
Term
| Which viruses are included in the enteroviruses? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the diseases caused by varicella-zoster |
|
Definition
Chickenpox (varicella)
Shingles (zoster) |
|
|
Term
| What is the specimen appropriate for detecting rabies? |
|
Definition
| DFA (brain, corneal, and nape of neck) |
|
|
Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting rabies? |
|
Definition
| Negri bodies in tissue/culture/serology |
|
|
Term
| What is the mode of transmission for Hepatitis A & E |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Using the test results below, determine the type of infection present:
HBsAg =
HBeAg =
Anti-HBc (Total) +
Anti-HBc (IgM) =
Anti-HBs +
Anti-HAV IgM = |
|
Definition
| Resolved Hepatitis B virus infection |
|
|
Term
| The reciprocal of the highest dilution with NO hemolysis in the ASO test |
|
Definition
Todd unit
International Units |
|
|
Term
| Which method is considered the "gold standard" against which all other methods are compared for detecting viruses? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the modes of transmission for HIV? |
|
Definition
Blood contact
Sexual contact
Perinatally contact |
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by influenza |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The difference in acute and convalescent serum results and is clinically significant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the disease caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum? |
|
Definition
| Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis |
|
|
Term
| What are the stages associated with syphilis? |
|
Definition
| Primary, Secondary, Tertiary |
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms associated with syphilis, Primary stage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms associated with syphilis, Secondary stage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the stages and symptoms associated with syphilis, Tertiary phase? |
|
Definition
Gumma lesions
Neurosyphilis |
|
|
Term
| How often do continuous cell lines divide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an example of a continuous cell line |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the disease caused by Hepatitis C |
|
Definition
Cirrhosis
Carcinoma
Chronic Hepatitis
Non A - Non B |
|
|
Term
| Which viruses are associate with Reye's syndrome? |
|
Definition
Influenza A & B
Chickenpox |
|
|
Term
| The shape of viral structure - usually helical or icosahedral |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of disease is caused by Helicobacter pylori? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A patient with fever and history of tick bite was tested for tularmeia using the febrile agglutinins test. The titer was 1/80. On the convalescent serum what titer would be considered clinically significant? |
|
Definition
1/320
At least a 4 fold rise |
|
|
Term
| Describe the type of patient most severely affected by infection with varicella-zoster |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which test uses silicon wafers coated with known ABY to detect viral AGN? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the test principle of the febrile agglutinins test? |
|
Definition
| Patient serum + Known AGN (killed bacteria) = Agglutination if ABYs present |
|
|
Term
Interpret the following results when the serum specimen was tested for Francisella tularensis: Controls were acceptable; clumping (+)
1/20 +
1/40 +
1/80 =
1/160 =
1/320 =
1/640 = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred test for diagnosing Q fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the hepatitis D superinfection? |
|
Definition
Patient has chronic HBV infection
Then becomes infected with HDV |
|
|
Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting herpes simplex? |
|
Definition
Tzanck prep
IFA for AGN
PCR for CNS
Culture
Serology for prior infection |
|
|
Term
| When performing the VDRL test, serum complement is inactivated by heating. What is the correct inactivation procedure? |
|
Definition
Heat at 56 for 30 minutes
if test not performed within 4 hours, reheat 10 minutes |
|
|
Term
| What tests are used to diagnosis Lyme disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How effective are the tests used to diagnosis Lyme disease? |
|
Definition
There are problems with cross reactivity
Interpret carefully |
|
|
Term
| Describe the disease caused by Hepatitis E |
|
Definition
| Fulminant Hepatitis in Pregnant Women |
|
|
Term
| Which viruses are considered as arboviruses? |
|
Definition
Dengue
Yellow Fever
Colorado Tick Fever
Eastern equine
Western equine
St. Louis encephalitis
West Nile |
|
|
Term
| Which syphilis tests are considered nontreponemal tests? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| EIA is used in large labs where testing is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Minor changes in antigenic composition of H & N |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which tests can be used to diagnosis rheumatic fever? |
|
Definition
ASO
Anti-hyaluronidase
Anti-DNAse
Streptozyme |
|
|
Term
| Which Hepatitis B marker is an indicator of infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Toxoplasma
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes |
|
|
Term
| ALL the organisms associated with TORCH are known to cause ________ infections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Serum taken from a patient with symptoms that are severe and/or brief in duration; expect to see IgM antibodies present |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the correct steps for performing the shell vial method?
a. vial incubated 1-2 days
b. monolayer cells processed for viral AGNs
c. Specimen added to vital
d. Centifuged |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Identify the following test;
Fluorescein-labeled ABY (known ABY) + Coverslip with monolayer of virally infected cells (unknown AGN) |
|
Definition
| Direct fluorescence assay |
|
|
Term
| Some viruses do not form CPE when inoculated to cell lines. As a result, guinea pig RBCs are added to dtect the infected cells. What is this test called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the mode of transmission for hantavirus? |
|
Definition
Rodent contact
- urine, droppings, saliva |
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by yellow fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the type of patient most severely affected by infection with influenza |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The capsid with enclosed genome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by human herpes virus type 8 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Determine the cold agglutinins titer from the following test results:
After refrigeration: agglutination in 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32
After warming: no agglutination in 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, agglutination in 1/32 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the disease caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis? |
|
Definition
| Human monocytic ehrlichiosis |
|
|
Term
Using the test results below, determine the type of infection present.
HBsAg +
HBeAg =
Anti-HBc (Total) +
Anti-HBc (IgM) +
Anti-HBs =
Anti-HAV IgM = |
|
Definition
| Acute Hepatitis B virus infection |
|
|
Term
| What is the principle of the Paul-Bunnell test? |
|
Definition
Detection of heterophile antibody
- serum + horse/sheep RBCs = clumping |
|
|
Term
| Genetic information of the virus - either DNA or RNA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Can the genetic information of the virus be BOTH DNA AND RNA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of using two types of tests for diagnosing syphilis? |
|
Definition
| Increase the likelihood of a true answer, minimizing false positives or negatives |
|
|
Term
| NT is a screening test that is |
|
Definition
| cheap and easy to perform |
|
|
Term
| T is a _____ test that is ____ and ______ to perform |
|
Definition
Confirmatory
Expensive
Harder |
|
|
Term
| Name the diseases caused by herpes simplex 1 & 2 |
|
Definition
Whitlow finger
Genital lesions
Fever blisters
Neonatal infection |
|
|
Term
| Name the diseases caused by Rickettsia rickettsii |
|
Definition
| Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) |
|
|
Term
| Now viruses are classified based on |
|
Definition
Replication
Structure
Genome types |
|
|
Term
| Which tests are used to diagnosis Lyme disease? |
|
Definition
IFA
EIA-screening
Western Blot-confirmatory |
|
|
Term
| An infectious virus particle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the specimen that is appropriate for detecting Hepatitis C? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting Hepatitis C? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does EIA do for Hep C |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does RIBA do for Hep C |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does HCV RNA do for Hep C |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the affect on the nontreponemal test results after treatment for syphilis? |
|
Definition
| NT titers become nonreactive |
|
|
Term
| What is the affect on the treponemal test results after treatment for syphilis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How should specimens for viral culture be transported? |
|
Definition
On wet ice
Viral transport media |
|
|
Term
| Specimens for viral culture can be transported in viral transport media for all specimens EXCEPT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Serum taken from a patient who is recovering from illness - expect to see IgG ABYs present |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by rhinoviruses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the mode of transmission for polliovirus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the mode of transmission for rabies? |
|
Definition
Wild animals (bats) in US
Dogs in Developing countries |
|
|
Term
Identify the following test:
Virus ABYs are bound to solid phase (known ABY)
Add material from throat swab (unknown AGN)
Add Enzyme-labeled viral specific ABYs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the traditional algorithm for detecting syphils. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first step for detecting syphilis is to perform RPR or VDRL. If the result is positive, then? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the complications associated with rubeola? |
|
Definition
Pneumonia
SSPE
Encephalitis |
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by rotavirus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by HIV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the type of patient most severely affected by infection with CMV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is the darkfield microscopy appropriate for detecting Treponema spirochetes? |
|
Definition
| Chancre or skin lesions (rash) |
|
|
Term
| Name the diseases caused by papillomavirus |
|
Definition
Warts
-common
-plantar
-genital (condylomata acuminata) |
|
|
Term
| A major change in antigenic composision of H & N; often triggers a pandemic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which viruses are included in the retrovirus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is usually the specimen used when testing for HIV. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting HIV? |
|
Definition
p24 AGN
PCR/Viral Load
CD4 count
ABYs (EIA, Western Blot) |
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by rubella |
|
Definition
German measles
3 day measles |
|
|
Term
| A test which detects ABYs to certain Rickettsia species using certain Proteus species |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the principle of the Streptozyme test? |
|
Definition
RBCs coated with several strep AGNs
Add Serum
Look for Agglutination |
|
|
Term
Identify the following test:
Virus is bound to solid phase (known AGN)
Add Serum (Unknown ABY)
Add Enzyme-labeled Anti-human ABYs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting varicella-zoster? |
|
Definition
Tzanck prep
DFA on lesion
Serology (immune status) |
|
|
Term
What is the titer from the following ASO results:
12 N
50 N
100 N
125 H
166 H
250 H
333 H
500 H |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which group of viruses are described as latent and persistence for the life of the host? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the type of patient affected by infection with rubella |
|
Definition
Pregnant women
-ultimately the fetus |
|
|
Term
| What is a critical aspect when performing the cold aggluinins test? |
|
Definition
| Keep blood warm until clot and serum separate |
|
|
Term
| Describe the disease caused by Hepatitis B |
|
Definition
Cirrhosis
Carcinoma
Chronic hepatitis |
|
|
Term
| What else is Hepatitis B known by/as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which Hepatitis B marker indicates the patient is improving |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by poliovirus |
|
Definition
Polio
-can be mild to severe causing paralysis |
|
|
Term
| What is the principle of the ASO (anti-streptolysin O) test |
|
Definition
SLO (AGN) + RBCs + Serum (ABY)
If ABY present No hemolysis present |
|
|
Term
| Which Hepatitis A marker indicates a current (acute) infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How often do diploid cell lines divide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an example of a diploid cell line? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which viruses are included in the herpesviruses? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type of heterophile ABYs formed in response to some bacteria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what stages of syphilis are the nontreponemal and treponemal tests expected to be positive? |
|
Definition
Some are + in primary stage
ALL are + in Secondary stage |
|
|
Term
| What is the specimen appropriate for detecting rubella? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting rubella? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What AGN is present in the Hepatitis B vaccine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Using the test results below, determine the type of infection present.
HBsAg +
HBeAg +
Anti-HBc (Total) +
Anti-HBc (IgM) =
Anti-HBs =
Anti-HAV (IgM) = |
|
Definition
| Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection |
|
|
Term
| What is the specimen appropriate for detecting RSV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting RSV? |
|
Definition
Culture
Rapid AGN testing
-IFA |
|
|
Term
| What is the principle of the Weil-Felix Test? |
|
Definition
| Identify Rickettsia species using certain Proteus species (OX-19 and OX-2) |
|
|
Term
| ABYs which cross-react with AGNs that are different from the AGNs originally responsible for their production |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term used to describe the frequency of negative test results in patients WITHOUT that disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A highly specific test will have __ __ __ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by parainfluenza |
|
Definition
| Respiratory infections in young children |
|
|
Term
| What type of organism is Helicobacter pylori? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of bacterium is Helicobacter pylori? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which Hepatitis B marker is an indicator of HIGH infectivity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) |
|
Definition
| Respiratory tract infections in infants |
|
|
Term
| What is the disease caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae? |
|
Definition
| Primary atypical pneumonia |
|
|
Term
| Why is the shell vial technique recommended over the conventional cell culture? |
|
Definition
Shell vial method is faster
Viruses are detected BEFORE CPE forms |
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Term
| Several of the viruses cause common childhood diseases - Name them |
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Definition
RSV
Rotavirus
Parainfluneza
Chickenpox
Human Parvovirus
HHV 6 & 7
Mumps
Measles
Rubella |
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Term
| What type of cold agglutinin ABY is formed by M. pneumoniae? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of cold agglutinin ABY is formed by EBV? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting CMV? |
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Definition
Culture
IFA - AGN in tissue
Antigenemia - blood
NAAT
Serology |
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Term
| Which Streptococci species is known for causing nonsuppurative (non-pus forming) complications? |
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Definition
| Group A streptococci / Streptococcus pyogenes |
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Term
| Name the diseases caused by coronavirus |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the complications associated with mumps? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the mode of transmission for arboviruses? |
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Definition
Arthropods
- mosquitoes
- ticks
- etc. |
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Term
| Describe a Hepatitis D coinfection |
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Definition
| HBV & HDV infections occur at the same time |
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Term
| How is the RPR test performed? |
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Definition
Mix serum & AGN
Look for black clumps |
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Term
| A membrane that surrounds the nucleocapside - viruses acquire the lipid membrane as they bud off host cells |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the disease caused by variola |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the modes of transmission for varicella-zoster? |
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Definition
Direct Contact
Respiratory |
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Term
| Which viruses are NOT commonly cultured? |
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Definition
Rubella
HIV
All Hepatitis viruses
Rotavirus
Rhinovirus |
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Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting Human Papilloma Virus? |
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Definition
Pap smears
Biopsy
DNA probe |
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Term
| Which lab test for HPV is the method of choice? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the key clinical manifestation of Lyme Disease? |
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Definition
| Target lesion or bull's eye lesion (erythema chronicum migrans) |
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Term
| Nontreponemal ABY; also called anticardiolipin ABY |
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Definition
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Term
| Another name for the Paul-Bunnel test is |
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Definition
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Term
| The protein shell enclosing the genome |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Name the disease caused by HTLV-1 |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| FTA-ABS test is an indirect fluorescent assay for ABY with one additional step. What is it? |
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Definition
| Absorption step that removes cross reacting ABY |
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Term
| What are the specificities and sensitivities of the Nontreponemal test? |
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Definition
| Sensitive with LOW specificity |
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Term
| What are the specificities and sensitivities of the Treponemal test? |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the disease caused by human herpes virus type 6 & 7 |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Describe the reverse algorithm for detecting syphilis. |
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Definition
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Term
| The first step (reverse) is to use an automated method such as EIA or CLIA. If the result is reactive, then... |
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Definition
RPR + -> Syphilis
RPR = Perform TP-PA
TP-PA + -> Syphilis |
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Term
What type of heterophile ABY is present in the Davidsohn differential test results shown below:
Serum (pretreat with beef RBC AGN) + horse RBC: Clumping
Serum (pretreat with guinea pig AGN) + horse RBC: No clumping |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the lab tests appropriate for detecting EBV? |
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Definition
Specific ABY
Smear differential
Heterophile ABY |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the Widal test? |
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Definition
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Term
| For detecting Salmonella ABYs, Performing a Culture is a |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the mode of transmission for Human Papilloma Viruses? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How is Helicobacteria pylori identified? |
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Definition
Urease + result
By presence of ABYs in serum (primary method) |
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Term
| Which viruses are detected by the Tzanck prep? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Morphology of viruses that are detected by Tzanck prep |
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Definition
| Appear as multinucleated giant cells |
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|
Term
What type of heterophile ABY is present in the Davidsohn differential test results shown below?
Serum (pretreat with beef RBC AGN) + horse RBC : NO clumping
Serum (pretreat with guinea pig AGN) + horse RBC : Clumping |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the disease caused by St. Louis, West Nile, Eastern Equine, Western Equine encephalitis viruses |
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Definition
| Range fro flu-like symptoms to encephalitis |
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Term
| Which two organisms may cross-react when performing the febrile agglutinins test? |
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Definition
Francisella tularensis
Brucella species |
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Term
| What is the mode of transmission for Hepatitis B, C, and D |
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Definition
Blood contact
Sexual contact
Perinatal contact |
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