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| exists to communicate significant experience-significant because it's concentrated & organized. |
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| might be defined as a kind of language that says more & says it more intensely than does ordinary language. |
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| is the most condensed and concentrated form of literature. |
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| Memorize these 5 suggestions for reading poetry |
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Definition
1.Read the poem more than once.
2.Keep a dictionary by you & USE IT!
3.Read so as to hear the sounds of the words in your mind.
4.Always pay careful attention to what the poem is saying.
5.Practice reading the poems aloud. |
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| Author: Alfred Lord Tennyson |
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| Title of Poem: Dulce et Decorum Est |
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Title of Poem:
The Man He Killed |
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| the dictionary meaning or meanings of the word. |
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| what a word suggests beyond its basic dictionary definition; its overtones of meaning. |
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Title of Poem:
When my love sears that she is made of truth |
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Definition
Author:
William Shakespeare |
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Title of Poem:
A Hymn to God the Father |
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Title of Poem:
Batter my heart, three-personed God |
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Title of Poem:
There is no Frigate like a Book |
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Definition
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| the representation through language of sense experience. |
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| movement or tension in the muscles or joints. |
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Title of Poems:
Meeting at Night
Parting at Morning |
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Title of Poem:
Living in Sin |
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Author:
Samuel Taylor Coleridge |
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Title of Poem:
La Belle Dame sans Merci |
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Definition
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| the attribution of human traits to abstractions or to nonhuman objects. |
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| speaker addresses a real or imagined listener who is no present. |
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| a figure of speech in which a part is used to designate the whole or the whole is used to designate a part. For example, the phrase "all hands on deck" means "all men on deck," not just their hands. |
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| substitutes one thing for another with which it is closely identified(examples: "Hollywood" to mean the movie industry.) |
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| illustrates the similarity or comparability of the known to something unknown or to be explained. |
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| a comparison illustrating the similarity or comparability of the known to something unknown or to be explained without the use of the words like or as. |
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Title of Poem:
A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning |
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Title of Poem:
To His Coy Mistress |
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| something that represents something other than what it is. |
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| a narrative or description that has a second meaning beneath the surface. |
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Title of Poem:
To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time |
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Title of Poem:
Hymn to God My God, in My Sickness |
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Title of Poem:
The Sick Rose |
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| an apparent contradiction that is nevertheless somehow true. |
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| Overstatement or Hyberbole |
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Definition
| simple exaggeration, but exaggeration in the service of truth. |
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| saying less than what one means; may exist in what one says or merely in how one says it. |
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| a situation or a use of language involving some kind of incongruity or discrepancy. |
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| a figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant. |
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| usually applied to written literature rather than to speech & ordinarily implying a higher motive: it is ridicule of human folly or vice, with the purpose of bringing about reform. |
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| an incongruity or discrepancy between what a character says or thinks, believing it to be true, & what the reader knows to be true. |
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| a situation in which there is an incongruity between appearance and reality, or between expectation & fulfillment, or between the actual situation & what would seem appropriate. |
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Title of Poem:
The Chimney Sweeper |
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Title of Poem:
My Last Duchess |
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| a reference to something in history or previous literature that is a means of suggesting far more than it says. |
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Title of Poem:
Journey of the Magi |
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Definition
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| the experience it communicates and which can be communicated in no other way. |
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| the ingredient that can be separated out in the form of a prose paraphrase. |
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Title of Poem:
Richard Cory |
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Definition
Author:
Edwin Arlington Robinson |
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Title of Poem:
To the Mercy Killers |
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Definition
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Title of Poem:
The Man He Killed |
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| the writer's or speaker's attitude toward the subject, the reader, or herself or himself. It is the emotional coloring, or the emotional meaning, of the work & is an extremely important part of the full meaning. |
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Title of Poem:
Since there's no help |
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Title of Poem:
My mistress' eyes |
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Definition
Author:
William Shakespeare |
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Title of Poem:
The Apparition |
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| the repetition of initial consonant sounds, as in "tried and true" |
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| the repetition of vowel sound, as in "mad as a hatter" |
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| the repetition of final consonant sounds, as in "first and last" |
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| the repetition of the accented vowel sound and any succeeding consonant sounds. |
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| when the rhyme sounds involve only one syllable, as in "thin and gin" from Gwendolyn Brooks "We Real Cool" |
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| when the rhyme sounds involve two or more syllables, as in "turtle and fertile" and "spitefully and delightfully." |
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| when one or more rhyming words are within the line. |
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| when the rhyming words are at the ends of lines. |
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Term
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| also called slant rhymes- include words with any kind of sound similarity, from close to fairly remote. |
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Definition
| the repetition of an opening word or phrase in a series of lines as in "Little lamb, little lamb" from William Blake's "The Lamb." |
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Title of Poem:
God's Grandeur |
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Definition
Author:
Gerard Manley Hopkins |
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Title of Poem:
We Real Cool |
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Definition
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Tile of Poems:
The Lamb and The Tiger |
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| refers to any wavelike recurrence of motion or sound. |
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| Accented or stressed syllables |
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| syllables that are given more prominence in pronunciation than the rest. |
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| one in which the end of the line corresponds with the natural speech pause. |
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| Run-on line or enjambment |
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| when a line has no punctuation at the end and the thought carries over to the next line. |
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Term
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| pauses that occur within lines either grammatical or rhetorical. |
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| arrangement of words in regularly measured, patterned, or rhythmic lines or verses. |
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| the basic unit used in the scansion or measurement of verse. A foot usually contains one accented syllable and one or two unaccented syllables. |
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Definition
| (light/heavy)the most important poetic foot in English which contains a light stress followed by a heavy stress(it most nearly duplicates natural speech. |
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| a line consisting of 5 iambic feet "Sonnet 29" (1234) |
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Term
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Definition
| (heavy/light)poetic foot which consists of a heavy accent followed by a light one (FLOW er). Most two-syllable English words are trochaic (tro KAY ick)(author,early,follow,major,morning, often,singing,snowfall,something,story,water,walking,willow,window). |
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| (heavy/light/light) MAN ne quin |
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| (light/light/heavy) "Like a child from the womb, like a ghost from the tomb." |
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| (heavy/heavy) "We Real Cool"- the whole poem is spondee. Every syllable in the poem is heavy. |
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| poetic equivalent of the prose sentence. |
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| a group of lines whose metrical pattern is repeated throughout the poem. Poetic equivalent of a paragraph in prose. |
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Definition
| to identify the prevailing foot; to name the number of feet in a line- if this length follows any regular pattern; and to describe the stanzaic pattern- if there is one. |
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Definition
| has very specific meter. It is iambic pentameter, unrhymed. |
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Title of Poem:
Introduction to Songs of the Innocence |
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Definition
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Title of Poem:
Let me not to the marriage of true minds |
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Definition
Author:
William Shakespeare |
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| a figure of speech in which words are used to imitate sounds. Examples are buzz, hiss, zing, clippety-clop, and tick-tock. |
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| the sound, by a process at yet obscure, to some degree connects with their meaning. |
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| sounds grouped together so that the effect is smooth and pleasant sounding. |
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| sounds grouped together so that the effect is rough and harsh sounding. |
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Title of Poem:
I heard a Fly buzz-when I died |
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Definition
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Title of Poem:
I Wander Lonely as a Cloud |
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Definition
Author:
William Wordsworth |
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Definition
| the arrangement of ideas,images,thoughts,and sentences in a poem. |
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| the poem's external shape. |
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| the lines follow each other without formal grouping,the only breaks being dictated by units of meaning, as paragraphs are in prose. |
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| the poet writes in a series of stanzas; that is, repeated units having the same number of lines, usually the same metrical pattern, and often an identical rhyme scheme. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a traditional pattern that applies to a whole poem. |
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| a poem's pattern of rhyming sounds, which can be schematized by alphabetical letters (i.e. pattern of lines ending with the words love,moon,thicket;love,June,picket;above,croon,wicket can be schematized as abc,abc,abc. |
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| two rhyming line, usually identical in length and meter. |
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| poem consisting of fourteen lines almost always in iambic pentameter. |
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| petrarchan sonnet created by medieval Italian poet Petrarch. Form is iambic pentameter. Contains two quatrains (the octave) and two tercets (the sestet). |
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| (first 8 lines) presents a problem or situation. Rhyme scheme of the octave in fixed in an abba,abba pattern. |
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| (last 6 lines) contains the resolution of the problem. Rhyme scheme of the sestet can have different possibilities, including cdc,cdc, or cde,cde. |
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| Shakespearean Sonnet (English sonnet) |
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Definition
| Shakespeare adapted the Italian sonnet with this rhyme scheme: abab;cdcd,efef,gg. Contains 3 quatrains contains a separate development of the sonnet's central idea or problem, & the couplet provides a climax & resolution. |
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Title of Poem:
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? |
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Definition
Author:
William Shakespeare |
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Title of Poem:
Death, be not proud |
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Definition
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Definition
| indulgence in emotion for its own sake, or expression of more emotion than an occasion warrants. |
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| uses a language more glittering & high-flown than its substance warrants. |
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Definition
| primary purpose is to teach or preach. |
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Title of Poem:
A Poison Tree (didactic) |
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Definition
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Title of Poem:
To the Mercy Killers (didactic) |
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Definition
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Definition
| the most significant character in poetry is the speaker,also called the persona. Sometimes the persona is a distinct character with individual traits & well-imagined circumstances. In Robert Browning's "My Last Duchess," the Duke is the speaker/persona, and as he speaks he reveals his hideous traits. |
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Definition
| the speaker talks directly to an on-the-spot listener whose reaction may directly affect the course of the poem. In Robert Browning's poem, "My Last Duchess," the Duke speaks directly to the agent who has come to negotiate with the Duke about the Duke's marriage to his second wife. |
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