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Definition
meeting needs of present without compromising ability of future generations to meet their own needs |
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Term
Concentration of Indoor Air Pollutants Vs. Outdoors |
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Definition
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Term
How much of the world's energy do US commercial and residential buildings use? |
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Definition
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worldwide ecological footprint per person |
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Definition
4.5 biologically productive acres |
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US ecological footprint per person |
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Definition
24 biologically productive acres |
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Term
How many earths are needed to sustain US lifestyle? |
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Definition
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Term
Where should one avoid building? |
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Definition
wetlands hillsides floodplains |
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Term
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Definition
leading-edge system for certifying design, construction, and operations of the greenest buildings in the world |
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Term
What does LEED stand for? |
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Definition
LEADERSHIP IN ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN |
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Term
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Definition
Green, Silver, Gold, and Platinum |
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Term
What effect does the tilt of the Earth hold on climate? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
the horizontal angular position of an object in the sky (or above the horizon) measured east or west of south (northeast = 135°E; southwest = 45°W; south = 0°; north = 180°) |
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Definition
the vertical angular position of an object in the sky above the horizon (horizon = 0°; vertical = 90°) |
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Definition
directly overhead; 90° altitude angle. |
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Term
purpose of sundials in architectural models? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
allowing both shade and sunlight to enter through a window of a building at repective times |
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Term
heat transfer and the human body |
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Definition
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Term
how do humans excrete the most heat from their bodies? |
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Definition
radiation, convection, conduction (72%) evaporation from skin (15%) |
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Term
how does the human body remove excess heat? |
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Definition
radiation, convection, and conduction (72%) |
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Term
How does the body alter blood supply in order to mantain homestasis? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
“Thermal comfort is the condition of mind that expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment; it requires subjective evaluation.” |
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Term
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Definition
electromagnetic spectrum of light (rainbow colors) |
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Term
factors in thermal comfort |
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Definition
• Air temperature (ta) • Mean Radiant Temperature (tr ) • Relative Humidity (rh) • Air Speed • Clothing (clo) • Metabolic Rate (met) |
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Term
is their a small window available for thermal comfort? |
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Definition
“Thermal comfort is possible in a wide range of conditions, provided adaptive behavior is possible.” |
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Term
Is the air cleaner indoors or outdoors? |
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Definition
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Term
concentration of indoor air pollutants to outdoor air pollutants |
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Definition
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Term
How much time do people in industrialized nations spend their time? |
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Definition
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Term
Indoor Air Pollutant Trio |
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Definition
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Term
What are some organ systems at a higher risk of negative exposure due to high concentrations of indoor air pollutants? |
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Definition
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Term
Top Sources of Indoor Air Pollution |
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Definition
Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) • Biological Agents • Volatile Organic Compounds |
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Term
true false: building materials ranging from carpet to paint ect. have many compounds that affect indoor air quality |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
“radiant energy that is capable of exciting the human retina and creating a visual sensation” or simply “visually evaluated radiant energy.” |
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Term
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Definition
“a unit of frequency equal to one cycle per second” (e.g. 1 Hz = 1 cycle per second) |
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Definition
frequency of musical tones. |
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Term
are human beings capable of seeing most rays of light? |
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Definition
no only electromagnetic waves |
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Term
can human beings see all kinds of electromagnetic radiation? |
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Definition
There is much more electromagnetic radiation present in the atmosphere than is perceivable by the human eye. |
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Term
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Definition
energy from electromagnetic radiation |
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Term
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Definition
measure of radiant energy |
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Term
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Definition
“Measurement of radiation in terms of human visual response.” |
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Term
is the eye a relatively simple organ? |
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Definition
NO, there are a system of muscles, rods, cones, and parts that function together |
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Term
What was significant about the AMES room? |
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Definition
false cues to distance will break size constancy. (IESNA Handbook, 9th Edition) |
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Term
3 factors in visual acuity: THE OBSERVER |
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Definition
- Condition of the eyes - Adaptation level - Fatigue leve |
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Term
what are some common refractive errors? |
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Definition
myopia (nearsightedness) hyperopia (farsightedness) astigmatism (lens imbalance) presbyopia (lack of adjustment) |
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Term
Factors in Visual Acuity: THE TASK |
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Definition
- Size - Contrast - Brightness - Exposure time |
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Term
Factors in Visual Acuity: Lighting Condition |
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Definition
- Illumination level - Glare |
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Term
Luminous Intensity (units and definition) |
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Definition
(candela, or cd) power or luminous energy of a light source |
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Term
Luminous Flux (units and definition) |
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Definition
(lemen or lm) the quantity of luminous energy falling on one square unit of the sphere's surface |
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Term
Illuminance (definition and units) |
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Definition
(lux, or lx) the concentration of luminous flux falling on a surface, i.e. the incident flux per unit area (lm/m2 ) |
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Term
Luminance (units and definition) |
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Definition
(candelas/ sq. meter or cd/m2) “reflected light”, relates directly to brightness, i.e. the visual effect that illumination produces |
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Term
Recommended Maximum Luminance Ratios |
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Definition
1 to 1/3 - Between task and adjacent surroundings 1 to 1/10 - Between task and more remote darker surfaces 1 to 10 - Between task and more remote lighter surfaces 1 to 20 - Between surfaces and luminaires 1 to 40 - Anywhere within the normal field of view |
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Term
should architects rely solely on what kind of lighting technique? |
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Definition
No, they should aim for usage of layered zones of electric and natural lighting for total illuminance |
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Term
What 3 properties affect perception? |
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Definition
sources (sound), receivers(to hear), interventers (to block -wall) |
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Term
frequency (units and definition) |
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Definition
the number of ties the cycle of compression and rarefaction of air occurs in a given unit of time, usually expressed in Hertz (Hz) |
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Term
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Definition
the distance between similar points on successive waves, or the distance the sound travels in one cycle; (meters/feet) |
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Term
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Definition
the strength of a sound (not loudness), usually expressed as a sound pressure level (SPL), or sound intensity level, or intensity level (IL). |
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Term
does a certain source allow for better sound/ travel through it? |
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Definition
yes. open sources (air) allow for a more open path than dense sources (aluminum) |
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Term
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Definition
I= Intensity (power) ... (Watts/cm^2) P = acoustic power ...(watts) A = Area |
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Term
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Definition
dB = intensity level I = intensity (watts/ cm^2) Io = base (threshold of hearing) log = logarithm to base 10 |
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Term
degree of intensity vs. intensity level |
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Definition
0.0000000000000001 W/ cm^2 = 0 db while 0.001 W/ cm^2 = 130 db |
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Term
degree of intensity vs. intensity level |
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Definition
degree of intensity vs. intensity level |
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Term
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Definition
rate of energy conversion |
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Term
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Definition
energy unit measuring potential |
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Term
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Definition
…the fundamental architectural problem becomes visible only in the house ravaged by fire… |
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Term
How are life safety systems determined? |
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Definition
Life Safety Systems are determined by a combination of use, occupancy + construction type |
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