Term
| Complicated vs. uncomplicated UTI |
|
Definition
| complicated implies there are structural abnormalities of the urinary tract along with infection (like catheters, obstruction, or host factors like pregnancy) |
|
|
Term
| How often do UTIs occur in recurrent cystitis? |
|
Definition
| 2 episodes in 6 months, or >= 3 episodes in one year |
|
|
Term
| Relapse vs. re-infection with UTI |
|
Definition
relapse= same pathogen within 2 wks of finishing treatment
re-infection= different pathogen >2 wks after finishing treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sepsis syndrome associated with UTI |
|
|
Term
Define Perinephric abcess
(where is the abcess) |
|
Definition
| Collection of suppurative material between the renal capsule and Gerota’s fascia |
|
|
Term
| How does bacteria get in to form an intrarenal abscess |
|
Definition
| usually hematogenous dissemination |
|
|
Term
6 Host defenses against UTI
|
|
Definition
•Zinc-rich prostatic fluid
•Urine: increased Urea and high osmolarity,
acidic pH
•Flushing mechanism of the bladder;
micturition
•Tamm-horsfall Protein in ascending loop of
Henle, has mannose side chains
•Bladder mucopolysaccharide
•Inflammatory responses, cytokines, SIgA |
|
|
Term
| Name a UTI-causing pathogen(s) that are associated with stones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name a UTI-causing pathogen that is associated with young sexually active females |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name a UTI-causing pathogen that is associated with intrarenal abscess |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name a UTI-causing pathogen that is associated with hemorrhagic cystitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 95% of UTIs are caused by ___ bacteria (not a pathogen name) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Bacteruria in children
- sex
- race |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| % of females that will have symptomatic UTIs at least one in their lifetime |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why the Female:Male ratio of UTI prevalence in the elderly is more even than in the young |
|
Definition
| Elderly men have more prostate disease and less cidal prostate fluid |
|
|
Term
| 4 Characteristics of Cystitis (UTI up to the bladder) |
|
Definition
•Abrupt onset
•Dysuria, frequency, urgency
•Suprapubic tenderness
•Lack of systemic symptoms and fever |
|
|
Term
| 3 Characteristics of Pyelonephritis (UTI that's reached the pelvis of the kidney) |
|
Definition
•Systemic symptoms and fever
•Flank pain/tenderness
•Lower UTI signs and symptoms |
|
|
Term
5 Labs used to diagnose UTI
Which is the most commonly used? |
|
Definition
Clean catch **most common**
Dipstick
Pyuria
Proteinuria
Gram stain |
|
|
Term
| What a UTI dipstick tests for |
|
Definition
| leukocyte esterase/nitrate(+) |
|
|
Term
| In an asymptomatic female patient, what information is required to diagnose a UTI? |
|
Definition
| >105 colonies 80% bacteruria + a positive culture |
|
|
Term
| In an asymptomatic male patient, what information is required to diagnose a UTI? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What information is needed to diagnose UTI in symptomatic patients? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What information is needed to diagnose pyelonephritis in symptomatic patients? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How to treat patients with asymptomatic bacteruria |
|
Definition
| No treatment (unless maybe in children and pregnancy) |
|
|
Term
| How to know if you've cured a UTI |
|
Definition
| negative urine culture during and 1-2 weeks after chemotherapy |
|
|
Term
| What is UTI "persistence" |
|
Definition
| positive culture even after 48 hrs on antibiotics |
|
|
Term
| How long to give antibiotics for a superficial mucosal lower UTI in females |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why we treat an asymptomatic UTI in pregnancy |
|
Definition
| 30% of those untreated develop pyelonephritis |
|
|
Term
| Name the most common pathogen which causes prostatitis (both acute and chronic) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of acute prostatitis (type I) |
|
Definition
| High fever, perineal and back pain, UTI-like |
|
|
Term
| How long to treat Acute Prostatitis (Type I) with antibiotics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the most frequent cause of relapsing UTI in men?
|
|
Definition
| Chronic prostatitis (type II) from E. coli |
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of Chronic prostatitis (type II) |
|
Definition
| asymptomatic or mild back pain/dysuria |
|
|
Term
| 2 antibiotics of choice to treat prosatitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is Type III Prostatitis?
How common?
What is the cause? |
|
Definition
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome
most common type of prostatitis
Is NONbacterial
Get urgency, pressure, and low back pain |
|
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