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Initial Tower Cab Training
Lessons 23-27
139
Aviation
Professional
02/21/2013
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Term
Landing information contained in the ATIS broadcast may be omitted if the pilot states ______________.
 Definition
the appropriate ATIS code
Term
Between sunrise and sunset, if you can determine distances by reference to suitable landmarks and the first aircraft (CAT I) has landed, the second aircraft (CAT II) may land if the first aircraft is at least _____ feet from the landing threshold.
 Definition
4,500
Term
While applying Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO), the phraseology to instruct a landing aircraft to hold short of an intersecting runway being used by a departing aircraft is "_________".
 Definition
RUNWAY THREE SIX CLEARED TO LAND, HOLD SHORT OF RUNWAY THREE THREE, TRAFFIC, BOEING SEVEN THRITY-SEVEN, DEPARTING RUNWAY THREE THREE
Term
Separate IFR/VFR aircraft landing behind a departing heavy jet/B757 on a crossing runway if the arrival will fly through the airborne path of the departure by a minimum of ___ minutes or the appropriate radar separation minima.
 Definition
2
Term
Thr phraseology to direct an inbound aircraft to a right base is "________".
 Definition
ENTER RIGHT BASE
Term
Information issued to arriving aircraft that will conduct an overhead maneuver includes ________.
 Definition
request for report on initial approach
Term
Phraseology to issue a landing clearance to an arriving aircraft reporting a position where he/she should be seen and has NOT been visually observed is "_______".
 Definition
NOT IN SIGHT, RUNWAY (number)CLEARED TO LAND
Term
Altitude restricted low approaches are NOT authorized below ________ feet above __________.
 Definition
500; the airport
Term
The phraseology to clear an aircraft for takeoff is "_________".
 Definition
CLEARED FOR TAKEOFF
Term
An example of appropriate phraseology to instruct an aircraft to turn off the runway is "__________".
 Definition
TURN RIGHT NEXT TAXIWAY
Term
Consider an aircraft cleared for touch-and-go as an arriving aircraft until it _____________.
 Definition
touches down
Term
Simultaneous opposite direction operations on parallel runways may ONLY be conducted ________________.
 Definition
when weather conditions are VFR
Term
Ceiling and visibility requirements for LAHSO for air carriers landing on a runway that is NOT equipped with PAPI or VASI are ceiling ______ feet and visibility _______ miles.
 Definition
1,500; 5
Term
In forder to conduct LAHSO, the runway Available Landing Distance (ALD) must be _________.
 Definition
dry
Term
When LAHSO operations are expected to be utilized, it shall be included on the ________.
 Definition
ATIS
Term
An aircraft weighing 12,500 pounds or less with propeller-driven twin engines is considered __________.
 Definition
Category II
Term
During overhead Simulated Flameout (SFO) approaches, _______ should be issued to the aircraft at low key.
 Definition
low approach clearance or alternate instructions
Term
Between sunrise and sunset if you can determine distances by reference to suitable landmarks, what is the minimum distance required from the landing runway threshold when a Category I aircraft is landing behind a Category I aircraft?
 Definition
3,000
Term
Between sunset and sunrise, what is the minimum distance required from the landing runway threshold when a Category II aircraft is landing behind a landing Category I aircraft?
 Definition
Clear of the runway
Term
Authorize silmultaneous same direction operations on parallel runways, only when in ________________ and __________ communication is maintained
 Definition
VFR conditions; two-way radio
Term
Specific traffic pattern entry information may be omitted if the aircraft is to circle the airport to the __________. Always state the _______ at the Academy.
 Definition
left; direction
Term
Controllers may authorize silmultaneous opposite direction operations on parallel runways only when ____________________________.
 Definition
operations are conducted in VFR conditions & two-way radio communication is maintained.
Term
Separate an arriving aircraft from previous arrival aircraft using the same runway by ensuring that the arriving aircraft does not cross the ________________ until the previous arrival has landed and is ______________.
 Definition
landing threshold; clear of the runway
Term
The minimum distance required from the landing runway threshold when a Category I aircraft is landing behind a Category I aircraft is _____ feet.
 Definition
3,000
Term
The minimum distance required when a Category I aircraft is landing behind a Category II aircraft is _______ feet.
 Definition
3,000
Term
Between sunset and sunrise, what is the minimum distance required from the landing runway threshold when a Category II aircraft is landing behind a landing Category I aircraft?
 Definition
Clear of the runway
Term
Consider an aircraft cleared for touch-and-go as an arriving aircraft until ___________.
 Definition
touches down
Term
Except over an aircraft in takeoff position or a departure aircraft, a low approach may be authorized with an altitude restriction of NOT less than ________ feet.
 Definition
500
Term
A Simulated Flameout approach pattern consists of _____________________.
 Definition
high key, low key, base key, flare, and rollout
Term
Ceiling and visibility requirements for non-air carrier LAHSO are ceiling ________ feet and visibility _______ miles.
 Definition
1,000; 3
Term
Each landing aircraft with a LAHSO clearance shall be required to read back the clearance and will be given ____________.
 Definition
traffic information
Term
All conditions specified in LAHSO must be issued in sufficient time for pilots of the aircraft involved to take other action, if desired, and ______.
 Definition
no later than the time landing clearance is issued
Term
LAHSO must only be conducted in VFR conditions.
 Definition
TRUE
Term
During LAHSO operations, the aircraft that is cleared to land and hold short must have ________________.
 Definition
a dry runway
Term
Separate an arriving aircraft from a departing aircraft using the same runway by ensuring that the arriving aircraft does NOT cross the landing threshold unti the departing aircraft has __________________.
 Definition
crossed the runway end.
Term
Minima separation of a BE18 landing behind a BE23.
 Definition
4,500 feet
Term
Minima separation of a UH1 landing behind a C414.
 Definition
Visual or 3,000
Term
Minima separation of a C172 landing behind a BE40.
 Definition
Clear of runway
Term
Minima separation of a a C650 landing behind a PAY1.
 Definition
Clear of runway
Term
Minima separation of a PA46 landing behind a C303.
 Definition
3,000
Term
Minima separation of a BE35 landing behind a PA38.
 Definition
3,000
Term
Minima separation of a BE58 landing behind a C172.
 Definition
4,500
Term
Minima separation of a C421 landing behind a C172.
 Definition
4,500
Term
Minima separation of a P28A landing behind a C421.
 Definition
3,000
Term
Minima separation of a C172 landing behind a PA38.
 Definition
3,000
Term
If the landing runway is changed, controllers must preface the landing clearance with _____________.
 Definition
"CHANGE TO RUNWAY"
Term
When aircraft are authorized to line up and wait on runways that intersect, _________ must be exchanged between that aircraft and the aircraft that is authorized to line up and wait, depart, or arrive to the intersecting runway(s).
 Definition
traffic
Term
Do not issue a clearance to an aircraft requesting a full stop, touch-and-go, stop-and-go, option, or unrestricted low approach on the same runway with an aircraft that is holding in position or has been cleared to line up and wait until the aircraft in position ______________.
 Definition
starts takeoff roll
Term
During same runway operations, while a LUAW is being applies, landing clearances must be withheld if the safety locic system to that runway is inoperative, or in a limited configuration, or conditions are less than reported ceiling ____ feet or visibility less than ____ miles.
 Definition
800; 2
Term
For proper helicopter separation, __________________ may be more practical than course changes.
 Definition
speed adjustments
Term
If runway hold short instructions are issued, a ________ is required.
 Definition
readback
Term
During SFO/ELP approaches, when would a low approach clearance or alternate instructions be issued?
 Definition
At low key
Term
Request for report for an overhead maneuver on ________________. Specify the point of break only if ______________.
 Definition
initial approach; nonstandard
Term
When an aircraft conducting an over head maneuver reaches the "initial point" on the initial approach of the maneuve, it is on VFR and the _________________.
 Definition
IFR flight plan is cancelled
Term
What is the portion of the runway available for landing and rollout for aircraft cleared for LAHSO? The distance is mearsured from the _________________________.
 Definition
Available Landing Distance (ALD); landing threshold to the hold short point
Term
An approach conducted by an aircraft o an IFR flight plan that authorizes the pilot to proceed visually and clear of clouds to the airport is a(n)______ approach.
 Definition
visual
Term
What must be ensured both before and after the application of visual separation?
 Definition
Other approved separation
Term
Aircraft performance, wake turbulence, weather, and ________ must be considered to ensure that other separation will be maintained after the application of visual separation.
 Definition
route of flight
Term
When applying visual separation, the controller _______________________.
 Definition
tells the pilot about the other aircraft's position, direction, and intentions
Term
When operating in VFR conditions with an ATC authorization to maintain VFR-on-top, aircraft must ____________.
 Definition
fly an appropriate VFR altitude for the direction of flight
Term
A pilot executing a visual approach must have the __________ or the preceding aircraft in sight at all times.
 Definition
airport
Term
In order to be cleared for a visual approach, overtaking aircraft must be advised of the ________ and _______ of the preceding aircraft.
 Definition
distance; speed difference
Term
If an aircraft sees the airport or runway but NOT the preceding aircraft, the aircraft may be cleared for a visual approach if _______ separation or __________ separation is maintained.
 Definition
radar; visual
Term
Unless published differently on the procedure, the weather minima for a Charted Visual Flight Procedure (CVFP) approach are reported ceiling of at least ________ feet above MVA and visibility of at least _______ mile(s).
 Definition
500; 3
Term
SVFR operations in weather less than VFR minima are authorized when ______________________.
 Definition
requested by the pilot
Term
What is the minimum ground visibility required for fixed-wing SVFR operations (excluding scheduled air carrier)?
 Definition
1SM
Term
An approach conducted while operating on an IFR flight plan that authorizes a pilot to proceed visually and clear of clouds to the airport via visual landmarks and other information is a(n) _________ approach.
 Definition
CVFP
Term
Because of the cloud clearance criteria, SVFR aircraft are NOT assigned _________ altitudes.
 Definition
fixed
Term
What is the minimum reported ground visibility for a contact approach?
 Definition
1SM
Term
Any occurrence at an aerodome involving the incorrect presence of an aircraft, vehicle, or person on the protected area of a surface designated for the landing and takeoff of aircraft is a _________.
 Definition
runway incursion
Term
The positions that are responsible for visually scanning the runway are _________________.
 Definition
Local Control and Ground Control
Term
Before using a nonactive runway, the local controller must __________________.
 Definition
coordinate with the Ground Controller
Term
Unless it is a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), Ground Control must advise Local Control when an aircraft ______________.
 Definition
taxis to an intersection for departure
Term
When the runway is NOT visible from the tower, before Ground Control or Local Control releases and aircraft to the other's frequency, the transferring controller must __________.
 Definition
advise the receiving controller of the aircraft's location
Term
Any vehicles on the runway must be clear of the runway before a departing aircraft ________________.
 Definition
begins takeoff roll
Term
The primary cause of runway incursions is ________________.
 Definition
human error
Term
When the local controller authorizes the crossing of the active runway, he/she must verbally specify the runway to be crossed, preceded by the word "_______".
 Definition
CROSS
Term
The minimum distance required to conduct LAHSO is ________ feet ALD on the hold short runway, measured from the ____________ to the hold short point.
 Definition
2,500; landing thresh hold
Term
When applying initial separation to successive departing aircraft consider known ____________.
 Definition
aircraft performance characteristics
Term
Departing aircraft that will be vectored immediately after takeoff must be assigned initial headings ___________.
 Definition
before departure
Term
In a radar environment, separate aircraft departing from the same airport/heliport provided that radar identification is established within 1 mile of the takeoff runway and courses diverge by at least ______ degrees.
 Definition
15
Term
The minimum distance required for a Category I departing behind a Category III on the same runway is _____ feet.
 Definition
6,000
Term
A B744 is executing a low approach on Runway 18, and a King Air is ready for takeoff on Runway 36 (opposite direction). The minimum separation required to clear the King Air for takeoff is ______ minutes.
 Definition
3
Term
An example of phraseology for issuing an intersection departure is _______________.
 Definition
"(ACID), RUNWAY THREE SIX AT CHARLIE, CLEARED FOR TAKEOFF".
Term
A B727 (Category III) is departing on an 8,000-foot runway. An Aztec (Category III)is ready for takeoff from an intersection 1,500 feet from the threshold of the same runway. the earliest you may clear the Aztec for takeoff is _________.
 Definition
3 minutes after the B727 departs
Term
An LJ25 is rolling on Runway 28R. A cessna 310 requests takeoff clearance from an intersection on Runway 28R. The Cessna 310 can depart ________________.
 Definition
2 minutes after the LJ25 takes off
Term
When a pilot is ready for an intersection takeoff and his/her request for takeoff includes a request to deviate from the 3-minute interval, you shall _________________________.
 Definition
issue a wake turbulence advisory before clearing the aircraft for takeoff
Term
The phraseology in response to a helicopter request for takeoff from an area off the airport is ___________.
 Definition
"(ACID), DEPARTURE FROM (requested location) WILL BE AT YOUR OWN RISK, USE CAUTION (IF APPLICABLE)".
Term
Helicopters are authorized to conduct simultaneous takeoffs if the ____________________.
 Definition
distance between takeoff points is at least 200 feet
Term
Do NOT clear an aircraft to line up and wait if an aircraft has been cleared to _______________________________.
 Definition
land, touch-and-go, stop-and-go, option or unrestricted low approach on the same runway
Term
When must you identify the runway in a takeoff clearance?
 Definition
always and state runway before anything else
Term
When may you omit traffic information from a clearance to line up and wait?
 Definition
when the traffic is another aircraft has landed or departed on the same runway and is clearly visible to the holding aircraft
Term
DAL201, an MD88, is departing Runway 10L. Baron 2WK requests a takeoff clearance on Runway 16. What is the phraseology for Baron 2WK?
 Definition
"BARON TWO WHISKEY KILO, LINE UP AND WAIT. TRAFFIC, MD88 DEPARTING RUNWAY ONE ZERO LEFT".
Term
When canceling a previously issued takeoff clearance, you should ______________.
 Definition
inform the pilot of the reason if circumstances require
Term
Radar separation minima may be applied in lieu of the 2-minute requirment:

Heavy behind heavy - _______
Large/heavy behind B757 - _________
Small behind B757 - ____________
Small/large behind heavy - ___________
 Definition
4 miles
4 miles
5 miles
5 miles
Term
Do NOT approve pilot requests to deviate from the required wake turbulence time interval if the preceding aircraft is a _________.
 Definition
heavy jet/B757
Term
When can an aircraft departing behind an arrival be cleared for takeoff on an intersecting or nonintersecting runway when flight paths cross?
 Definition
preceding aircraft has passed the intersection, or crossed the departure, or turn to avert conflict
Term
What is the separation if either aircraft is Category III?
 Definition
6,000 feet
Term
A Category I is departing behind a Category II?
 Definition
3,000
Term
A Category II is departing behind a Category I?
 Definition
4,500
Term
A Category II is departing behind a Category II?
 Definition
4,500 feet
Term
What is the minimum separation, in time, for a BE35 to depart behind a DC10?
 Definition
2 minutes
Term
If radar is available, what is the minimum radar separation, in miles, for a BE35 to depart behind a DC10?
 Definition
5 miles
Term
A Cessna 310 is 1,000 feet down the runway on takeoff roll. A Cherokee is holding short of the runway, requesting takeoff. Can takeoff clearance now be issued?
 Definition
Anticipated separation - yes
Term
A Sabreliner is departing runway 28R. A Bonanza is holding short of the runway at Intersection C, requesting takeoff. When is the earliest the Bonanza may begin takeoff roll?
 Definition
3 minutes or waiver
Term
A B727 is departing Runway 28R. A Tomahawk is holding short of Runway 34, requesting takeoff. When is the earliest the Tomahawk may depart?
 Definition
When the 727 is through the intersection
Term
An aircraft departing behind a B757, on the same runway or parallel runways separated by less than 2,500 feet, requires ______ separation
 Definition
2 minutes
Term
Separate an IFR/VFR aircraft departing behind a heavy departure by _________ minute(s) if projected flight paths will cross.
 Definition
2
Term
Whenever possible, issue takeoff clearance in lieu of ________ or __________ operations
 Definition
hover-taxi; air-taxi
Term
Unless agreed to by the pilot, DO NOT issue downwind takeoffs if the tailwind exceeds _____ KTs.
 Definition
5
Term
If a helicopter is requesting departure from an area not visible from the tower, the phraseology should be ______________.
 Definition
"(ACID), DEPARTURE FROM (location) WILL BE AT YOUR OWN RISK
Term
Separate a departing helicopter from an arriving helicopter by ensuring that the departure does not take off until the arrival has ___________________.
 Definition
arrived and taxied off the landing area
Term
Separate aircraft departing from the same or adjacent airports/heliports in accordance with the prescribed minima provided that radar identification is established within 1 mile of the takeoff runway end/helipad and courses will diverge by _____ or more.
 Definition
15 degrees
Term
Separaty by _____ miles(s) aircraft departing the same runway/helipad or parallel runways/helicopter takeoff courses separated by less than 2,500 feet if courses diverge by 15 degrees or more immediately after departure.
 Definition
1
Term
Authorize simultaneous takeoffs for aircraft departing nonintersecting runways if runways diverge by __________ degrees or more.
 Definition
15
Term
How many degrees must a helicopters departure course diverge from the missed approach course to authorize simultaneous operations between a departure and arrival if all other requirements are met?
 Definition
30 degrees
Term
What is used to determine the runway centerline when authorizing a simultaneous departure/arrival to/from a helipad?
 Definition
takeoff course to be flown
Term
When conducting simultaneous operations between a departure and arrival on parallel runways, the departure course must diverge immediately from the missed approach course by at least ________ degrees until separation is applied
 Definition
30
Term
How far apart must runway centerlines be to authorize simultaneous operations between a departure and arrival on parallel runways if the departure course diverges by 45 degrees from the missed approach course and the parallel runway thresholds are even?
 Definition
min 2500 feet
Term
Separate a departing aircraft from an arriving aircraft on final approach by a minimum of ___________ if separation will increase to a minimum of _______ within 1 minute after takeoff.
 Definition
2 miles; 3 miles
Term
Authorize simultaneous operations between an aircraft departing on a runway and an aircraft on final approach to another parallel runway if the departure course diverges immediately by at least _______ from the missed approach course until separation is applied, provided that parallel runway thresholds are even, and the runway centerlines are at least 2500 feet apart.
 Definition
30 degrees
Term
Authorize simultaneous same-direction departures from parallel runways when the centerlines are separated by ______ feet or more and the courses diverge by _____ or more ________ after takeoff.
 Definition
3,500 feet; 45 degrees; immediately
Term
What is the minimum time separation between aircraft departing the same runway whose courses will diverge by at least 45 degrees withing 5 minutes after takeoff?
 Definition
2 minutes
Term
To apply 1-minute separation between departing aircraft, what course divergence is necessary?
 Definition
diverge immediately
Term
Aircraft A will depart Runway 9 and turn left heading 060. Aircraft be will depart Runway 12. After A passed the intersection of the runways. When can aircraft B be released?
 Definition
immediately
Term
When the takeoff direction does NOT differ by at least 45 degrees from the reciprocal of the final approach coarse, the departing aircraft takes off so that it is established on a course diverging by 45 degrees or more from the reciprocal of the final approach fix at least ________ before the arriving aircraft is estimated at the airport OR before the arriving aircraft _______________.
 Definition
5 minutes; begins procedure turn
Term
When the takeoff direction differs by at least 45 degrees from the reciprocal of the final approach coarse, the departing aircraft takes off __________ before the arriving aircraft is estimated at the airport.
 Definition
3 minutes
Term
What are some things to consider before applying visual separation?
 Definition
Wake turbulence, aircraft performance, route of flight, weather
Term
What is the weather criterion for an aircraft to be cleared for a visual approach?
 Definition
Visual conditions - VFR
Term
What must be resolved prior to clearing an aircraft for a visual approach?
 Definition
Ceiling 1,000 feet and visibility 3 miles
Term
What is the minimum ground visibility required at the destination airport to clear an aircraft for a contact approach?
 Definition
1 SM
Term
What official ground visibility is required to clear fixed-wing aircraft for SVFR operations (excluding scheduled air carriers)?
 Definition
1 SM
Term
SVFR operations in weather less than VFR conditions are authorized only within what surface areas?
 Definition
1/2 SM
Term
What priority is SVFR given in relation to IFR?
 Definition
SVFR flights do not receive priority over IFR aircraft
Term
__________ have not weather minima for SVFR operations.
 Definition
Helicopters
Term
Give an example of SVFR phraseology.
 Definition
"SARATOGA TWO FIVE ZULU, CLEARED OUT OF DELTA SURFACE AREA SOUTH OF ACADEMY AIRPORT, MAINTAIN SPECIAL V-F-R CONDITIONS AT OR BELOW ON THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED."
Term
If an aircraft on the airport surface creates a collision hazard for a landing aircraft, what term is used to describe the occurrence?
 Definition
Runway incursion
Term
What are the primary causes of runway incursions?
 Definition
human error
Term
Obtaining approval to cross an active runway is the responsibility of the ________ Controller.
 Definition
Ground
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