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Definition
| Anything that takes up space and has mass; liquid, solid, or gas |
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Definition
| The human body is 65% O, 18.5% C, 9.5% Hydrogen, 3.3% N, 2% sulfur and phosphorus |
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Definition
| Smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of the element |
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| Identify the 4 main elements in the human body |
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Definition
| Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Hyrdogen |
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Term
| Describe the structure of an atom in terms of protons, neutrons, and electrons |
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Definition
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Definition
| Equal to the number of protons |
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Definition
| Represents the quantity of matter in an atom |
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Definition
| 1 point for protons + 1 point for neutrons= Atomic mass unit |
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Term
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Definition
| Electrically charged atoms |
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Definition
| atoms of the same element with differing numbers of neutrons |
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Definition
| atoms that decay and release energy in the form of subatomic particles and rays (radiation) |
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Term
| The importance and danger of isotopes in the body |
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Definition
Used for x-rays, can kill cancer cells, used to sterilize equipment
can damage DNA and cause cancer |
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Term
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Definition
| Elements bonded together to form a unique substance |
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Definition
| formed between oppositely charged ions |
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Definition
| formed when atoms share valence electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of an atom to attract electrons to itself |
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Definition
| When atoms in a covalent bond share electrons unequally due to differences in electronegativity |
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Term
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Definition
| A weak bond between a partially charged hydrogen atom in one molecule and a partially charged atom in a different molecule. Easily formed and broken. Important in the body: water, DNA, protein |
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Term
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Definition
| electrons in the outermost energy level |
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Term
| 5 properties of water; explain how these are important to life |
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Definition
Liquid at room temp- most compounds w/ low molecular weight are gases at room temp
Cohesiveness- molecules cling together yet flow freely
Excellent solvent- polar molecules dissolve readily in water
High specific heat- the amount of energy required to change the temp of water is 2x higher than other liquids
Frozen water is less dense than water- freeze from top down |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| do not interact with water |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| substances that release H+ when they dissociate in water HCl--> H+ + Cl- |
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Term
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Definition
substance that release OH- when they dissociate in water
NaOH --> Na+ + OH- |
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Term
| pH scale; locate acids and bases |
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Definition
0 7 14
acid base
go up by 10 |
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Term
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Definition
| chemicals that regulate body pH by taking H+ or OH- |
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