Term
| designer/consultant liability |
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Definition
| the designer is the prime consultant and is liable to the owner for the consultant's work |
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Term
| cost influences on budget |
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Definition
1.construction costs (inc.overhead & profit)
2. furniture, fixtures, & equipment (FF&E)
3. Professional fees
4. Taxes
5. Moving Costs
6. Tel/Data
7. Contingencies (always include 5-10%
8. Optional, financing, may be added to owner's operating budget
9. Optional, inflation factor for larger jobs using past cost index |
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Term
| Items included in FF&E budget |
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Definition
1. furniture
2. appliances
3. free standing equipment
4. window coverings
5. rugs & mats
6. interior plants/planters
7. lamps
8. artwork
9. accessories |
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Term
| Items included in FF&E budget |
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Definition
1. furniture
2. appliances
3. free standing equipment
4. window coverings
5. rugs & mats
6. interior plants/planters
7. lamps
8. artwork
9. accessories |
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Term
| Contractor's overhead and profit |
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Definition
general overhead is the cost of doing business for the gc. project overhead is the money it takes to complete a job (permits, temp. trash, etc.)
total of these two combined can range from 10-20% |
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Term
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Definition
| most variable part of the budget. in most cases, the rainge is between 5 and 15% of the total cost. |
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Term
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Definition
| budgeting is an ongoing activity, and is revised as decisions are made throughout the project. |
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Term
| square footage method of estimating |
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Definition
typically the first step in cost estimating. make sure to include profit/overhead, professional fees, contingency, taxes.
Best practice to develop three budgets based on low, medium, and hight cost per sqft so that the client can see the probable range. |
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Term
| parameter method of estimating |
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Definition
| an expanded itemization of construction quantities and furnishings, and assigment of unit costs to these quantities. |
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Term
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Definition
| a matrix is drawn with the various alternates along one side and the individual elements that combine to make the total cost of the alternatives along the other side. |
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Term
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Definition
| based on a best guess estimate to cover a particular material where the price cannot be determined. also used in bidding to reserve funds for something that has not been finalized. |
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Term
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Definition
| the contractor mus add to the allowance the costs for unloading, handling, and installing the allowance items, as well as profit & overhead |
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Term
| detailed quantity takeoffs |
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Definition
| done late in the design & cd production using quoted costs per sf for various items and calculated square footages. typically, gc involved at this point, and available to assist in pricing. |
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Term
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Definition
realistic cost information is difficult to obtain.
two conditions that must be accounted for are geographical location and inflation, and can be done using published cost indexes. |
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Term
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Definition
| divide the higher city index by the lower city index, multiply that by the base cost. |
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Term
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Definition
| estimated over a length of time called the study period, a method for determining the total cost of a building or building component or system. any residual value of the component value is subtracted from the other costs. |
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Term
| what does life-cycle cost analysis take into account |
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Definition
| the initial costs of the element or system, cost of financing, operation, maintenance, and disposal |
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Term
| where would life cycle cost analysis be useful? |
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Definition
| evaluating energy conservation measures |
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Term
| describe some specific costs that may be evaluated in a LCC analysis, and how these are applied to achieve the final LCC cost. |
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Definition
1. initial costs, acquisition and installation
2. operational costs for utilities
3. maintenance costs over the length of the study period
4. finance costs, as applicable
5. taxes for initial and operating costs
6. residual value
*these costs are estimated, discounted to their present value to take inflation out of the variable. residual value is then discounted to its present value and subtracted from the total to get the final LCC |
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Term
| what are the two major portions of the schedule, and who is responsible for developing? |
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Definition
1. design time (designer): production of contract documents, scheduling the ordering, delivery, and installation of furniture
2. construction schedule (contractor): designer typically needs to estimate the entire project schedule to give the client a general idea of total time. |
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Term
| what variables impact the time needed in a design schedule? |
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Definition
1. size and complexity of the project
2. number of people working on the project. (there is a point where having too many people on a project becomes a management and coordination problem, even on large jobs)
3. abilities and design methodology of the project team.
4. type of client and their decision making and approval process.
5. fixed dates such as move in, agency approval, LED |
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Term
| method of scheduling: bar graph or Gantt chart |
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Definition
| the various activities of the schedule are listed along the vertical axis, and a timeline is extended along the horizontal axis. simple to make and easy to understand, suitable for small to mid size projects. |
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Term
| method of scheduling: CPM chart (critical path method) |
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Definition
graphically depicts all the tasks required to complete a project, the sequence they must occur, their duration, and their earliest or latest possible starting and finishing time.
also defines the sequence of critical tasks that must be met at a specific time in order to meet the total schedule. |
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Term
| method of scheduling:program evaluation and review technique, or PERT chart |
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Definition
| similiar to CPM, but uses different charting methods. |
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Term
| method of scheduling: full wall schedule |
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Definition
| vertical lines are drawn 5" apart on an entire wall, with the space between each line representing a week. project manager develops a prelim. list of tasks and the individuals responsible for those tasks. each task is written on a 3x5 index card, with one labeled start and one finish. the names of the all the people responsible are placed along the left edge of the chart. each person places their own start and finish next to their tasks to indicate their total needed time within the overall schedule. |
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