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Definition
a study's ability to ensure low extraneous variables impact on dependent variable
how to strengthen- control for threats to internal validity |
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Term
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Definition
the ability to generalize study results to other groups/settings
how to strengthen-control for threats to external validity |
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Term
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Definition
threatens internal validity: events within pretest and posttest time lapse can effect dependent variable
how to control- have control group that doesn't gettx |
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Term
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Definition
threatens internal validity- client natural changes between pretest and posttest time (wiser, older, change in physical.mental development)
how to control- include control group in study that doesn't get tx |
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Term
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Definition
threatens internal validity-effects participant responses to post-test, due to familiarity with pretest
how to control- control group that doesn't receive same testing as experimental group (i.e, no pretest for control, but pretest for experimental) |
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Term
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Definition
threatens internal validity- poor use of equipment, different professionals using equipment, inaccurate procedures can alter outcome validity
how to control- try to use one trained professional or professionals with similar measures. Use same type of instrument and procedures throughout/with all groups |
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Term
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Definition
threatens internal validity- unaccounted differences between control and experimental groups that can alter outcomes/dependent variable
how to control- prior to tx, pretest groups in relation to dependent variable to account for any differences |
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Term
| Selection Maturation Effect |
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Definition
threatens internal validity- use of intact groups at different maturation levels
how to control- pre-screen group maturity levels |
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Term
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Definition
threatens internal validity- selection of participants based on very high or very low scores
how to control- randomization |
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Definition
threatens internal validity-loss of participants over period of time
how to control- use meaningful incentives to encourage continued participation |
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Definition
threatens internal validity- participant attitudes about being in a study/observation alter how they would normally behave
how to control- give similar special tx to control group w/o impacting dependent variable |
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Term
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Definition
threatens internal validity- participant expectations impact behaviors instead of tx
how to control- provide both groups with same information to create similar expectations for study |
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Term
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Definition
threatens internal validity- tx of one group impacts/contaminates tx of other group
how to control- explain and request confidentiality of study measures to all participants, to prevent sharing of info |
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Term
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Definition
threatens internal validity- different location for interventions impact dependent variable
how to control- make locations same or as similar as possible. |
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Term
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Definition
threatens internal validity- individuals conducting/presenting experimental tx impacting dependent variable inadvertently (bias)
how to control- equal training and competency of all individuals responsible for implementation |
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Term
| Selection Treatment Interaction |
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Definition
threatens external validity- ability to generalize results of study outside of group studied
how to control- randomization |
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Term
| Setting Treatment Interaction |
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Definition
threatens external validity-environmental conditions of experimental group are unable or unlikely to be replicated in another setting
how to control-use similar/common settings, if feasible |
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Term
| History Treatment Interaction |
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Definition
threatens external validity-when trying to generalize findings from different times that will impact dependent variable being studied
how to control- be aware of differences in day times, holidays, etc- conduct research study at similar times of day/night |
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