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| films viewed through a peephole viewer at the top of a cabinet |
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| earliest filmmakers, started off as photographers, created the cinematographe |
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| the first type of indoor exhibition space dedicated to showing projected motion pictures |
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an innovative motion picture camera with rapid intermitten or stop and go film movement, to photograph movies for in hourse experiments (developed by William Kennedy Dickson and Thomas Edison, his boss)
was huge and inefficient |
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| a motion picture film camera, which also serves as a film projector and developer, developed in the 1890s and was invented by the Lumiere brothers |
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| Edison’s movie production studio, the world’s first film production studio in the United States, 1893 |
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| an American early film pioneer, famous director at Thomas Edison’s production company. Directed The Great Train Robbery |
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| French director, the first female director in the motion picture industry |
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| : a theatrical genre of variety entertainment popular in the US from the 1880s until the early 1930s |
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| French illusionist and filmmaker, used trick technique. Directed A Trip to the Moon |
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1908- 1912
• Organized U.S Producers as a cartel
◦ Camera, projection, stock technology
• Sued everyone he could in order to run them out of business.
• Tried to control the entire industry, created a trust to keep out the competition.
• Opposed by 'the Independents'
◦ The hollywood companies are new companies
◦ C. Laemmle: Universal, A. Zukor: Paramount, Wm Fox: Fox Films
▪ fought Edison's trust legally and competitively. |
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1914-1927:
• Star System: Chaplin, Mary Pickford
o A Dog’s Life, 1918
• Feature length films: 1 hour or longer, Birth of a Nation
• Independent film companies win the war against Edison and the patents trust
o The original American Film companies were destroyed
o The Edison company got out completely in 1918 |
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principal film studio in Germany, home of the German film industry during the Weimar Republic and through WWII
o Chiaruscuro
o Style
o Moving camera: the unchained camera
o Symbolic montage with overlapping |
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| a movie special effect invented by Eugen Schufftan, popularized by Schufftan while he was working on Metropolis, place a plate of glass at 45 degree angle between the camera and the miniature set |
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| pioneer Soviet film director, the father of Montage, directed October & Battleship Potemkin |
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| film stock hard to come by, played around and cut differently with intolerance to experiment |
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| Soviet film director, screenwriter and actor who developed influential theories of montage, contrasted with Eisenstein in that he preferred to concentrate the courage and resilience of individuals |
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| a Soviet technique where an actor represents an human manifestation of an entire group of people/social class |
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| Soviet filmmaker and film theorist, probably the first. Emphasis on juxtaposition of one shot with another |
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| two or more shots together without an establishing shot |
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stylistic aspects and social/political background
• Film movement in France of the 1930s and through the war years
• Individualism, fatalistic view of life with characters living on the margins of society (usually as unemployed members of the working class or as criminals) |
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| English photographer, photographic studies of motion and motion-picture projection, set up a series of cameras in order to prove how the horse could run |
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| Scottish inventor who devised an early motion picture camera under the deployment of Thomas Edison – the Kinetoscope |
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| American film director, Birth of a Nation, Biograph Company |
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| cinematographer with close association to DW Griffith, used fade out to close a movie scene, the iris shot, Biograph Company |
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| Austrian filmmaker, screenwriter, German expressionism, Metropolis |
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| Hungarian film mogul, founder of Paramount Pictures |
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| one of the founders to one of the first major Hollywood movie studios, Universal |
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| French film director, Port of Shadows |
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• 1927 German expressionist sci fi
• directed by Fritz Lang
• written by Thea Von Harbou |
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• 1925 Soviet film
• directed by Sergei Eisenstein |
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• 1938 French poetic realism film
• directed by Marcel Carne
• written by Jacques Prevert |
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• 1920 German expressionist, silent horror film
• directed by Robert Wiene |
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• 1918 American film
• directed by Charlie Chaplin |
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• 1914 silent Italian film
• directed by Giovanni Pastrone |
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• 1903 American Western film, about 12 minutes long
• directed by Edwin S Porter
• Edison manufacturing Company |
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• 1905 British short silent film
• directed by Cecil Hepworth |
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• 1902 French silent sci fi film, runs about 14 minutes long
• directed by Georges Melies |
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• 1912 American film, runs about 12 minutes long
• directed by DW Griffith
• Biograph Company
• Cinematography by GW Bitzer |
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| House with the Closed Shutters |
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• 1910 American film, about 28 minutes long
• directed by DW Griffith, Biograph
• cinematography by GW Bitzer |
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| Innovations of the independents |
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▪ Star system: Chaplin- first super-star, etc.
▪ Feature-length films: 'The Squaw Man' (1912) dir. C.B. Demille |
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