Term
| What are the 3 main goals (jobs) taken care of by the show production team on a tour? |
|
Definition
| Venue and staging, Audio, Visuals |
|
|
Term
| On the staging crew, what are sightlines and why are they important? |
|
Definition
| Sightlines are the views from the crowd, they are important because it makes us take into consideration the view of the crowd. So that amps and large speakers aren't put in people's ways. |
|
|
Term
| When taking care of coverage and gain, the audio crew is doing what? |
|
Definition
| making sure that the sound is loud enough for everyone in the auditorium to hear it, and it isn't distorted. |
|
|
Term
| When the sudio crew is checking for intelligability, what are the checking for? |
|
Definition
| Whether or not the artist can be clearly understood through the microphone. |
|
|
Term
| What part of staging enhances the mood of the show? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does it mean when referring to projection on the stage? |
|
Definition
| It refers to having a large screen(s) on the stage somewhere to show video of the performance on so the people in the bad seats can see the artist too. |
|
|
Term
| What does the set designer take care of? |
|
Definition
| The look of the staging. IE props and amp covers and other misc. shit that makes the show look better. |
|
|
Term
| What are the four phases of show production and what does each consist of? |
|
Definition
Load in-set up stage and get all the technical (lights and such) stuff set up.
Tech checks-connection checks, and sound checks.
Performance-obviously this is the show
Load out-unhook everything, pack the trucks and move to the next venue. |
|
|
Term
| Can you name the 5 most important members of the audio personnel staff? |
|
Definition
| House engineer, Monitor engineer, system engineers, Instrument back-line, Acoustic analysis engineer. |
|
|
Term
| What is the house engineer responsible for? |
|
Definition
| He mixes the sound for the audience. Front of House engineer. Mixes from center of the floor, sounds best where he is. |
|
|
Term
| What is the monitor engineer responsible for and where is he generally located? |
|
Definition
| He mixes the sound for the performers and is generally located at the side of the stage out of view of the audience. Close enough to artists so they can yell at him. |
|
|
Term
| The system engineers do what? |
|
Definition
| They design and implement the audio systems. Meaning that they decide whish speakers and how many of them. alsoHe decides the best placement for them. |
|
|
Term
| What do instrument/back-line techs do? |
|
Definition
| They prep the instruments for the performers. |
|
|
Term
| What is an acoustic analysis engineer? |
|
Definition
| He maximizes the sound based on room characteristics. Generally found only on more luxurious tours as they are pretty expensive to hire? |
|
|
Term
| There are 3 main techs involved with thte lighting crew, what are their titles? |
|
Definition
| Lighting designer, lighting director, and Lighting system tech. |
|
|
Term
| The lighting designer isn't usually taken on tour but is a very important member of the staff, why? |
|
Definition
| Because he creates the look of the show, what is needed to create that look, and how everything light-wise is going to be set up. |
|
|
Term
| What does the lighting director do? |
|
Definition
| He supervises the set-up of the lighting system and makes sure the goals are met within the confines of the venue. |
|
|
Term
| What do lighting systems techs do? |
|
Definition
| They assemble the trusses needed and mount the lights. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Connects chains and cables to the ceiling. |
|
|
Term
| Who isn't afraid of heights in the show pro world? |
|
Definition
| Lightin systems techs and riggers. |
|
|
Term
| The pyrotechnician is there to do what? |
|
Definition
| set-up any pyro work that is to be done and make sure it is set up properly. Is a licensed pyro engineer. |
|
|
Term
| What are the tour managers responsibilities? |
|
Definition
| to take care of the non-technical logistics of the show. Hiring staff and the like. |
|
|
Term
| What does a production manager do? |
|
Definition
| Supervises the crew and equipment on a daily basis. |
|
|
Term
| What is teh stage managers responsibilities? |
|
Definition
| He is basically a supervisor for everything about the stage. He checks everything to make sure its all set up properly and in good time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A local company that sponsors the event by abtaining a venue and advertising the sho. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A list of everything needed by crew and artist that is given to the promoter before hand. If something isnt there, like a llama, the band is usually a bitch and won't play until every requirement is met. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 stages of set-up? |
|
Definition
Stage plot, line check, and sound check.
Stage plot is the placement of the equipment on stage, line check is a check of all the connections, sound check is actually setting levels for the instruments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A series of cable (mostly XLR) that are bundled together to reduce wire tangles and stuff. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Creates two copies of an original augio signal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| documentation of all microphones and connections to the console.. Types of mic, what they are used to mic, and which channel they are to be connected to. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A pice of digital equipment used to network multiple digital audio channels. |
|
|
Term
| What does an amplifier do? |
|
Definition
| It boosts the level signal. |
|
|
Term
| How many parts do the front of house speakers have, and what are they? |
|
Definition
| 3 parts. High Freq driver, Mid Freq driver, and subwoofer. |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the cables used to connect speaker cabinets to amplifiers and why are the better than the older speaker wires? |
|
Definition
| Speak-on cables are superior because they are a balanced wiring set up, and they lock into the connection. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of monitor cabinets and where are each placed? |
|
Definition
| Side fills and monitor wedges. Fills placed at the sides of the stage facing artists, wedges placed on the ground at the front of the stage facing the artists. |
|
|
Term
| The lighting designer sometimes uses software that does what? |
|
Definition
| Makes it easier on the designer and gives him 3d models of his set up. Also shows him a list of what he needs after he has created his design. |
|
|
Term
| The lighting designer gives the crew what to follow when they are out on tour? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An aluminum rafter(s) that is "flown" above the stage. |
|
|
Term
| What controls the lights while the performance is going on, and what does it most represent now? |
|
Definition
| The lighting console is like a big computer now. |
|
|
Term
| What is the computer programming code used by lighting technicians and why is it beneficial? |
|
Definition
| Code is called DMX 512, allows for recording, storing, and playback of of the lighting changesand movements used during a performance. |
|
|
Term
| This device controls the amount of voltage traveling to the lights, allowing for remote control? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the standard lights most used on tour? |
|
Definition
| PAR (Parabolic Aluminized Reflector) lights. They use gels to change the color. |
|
|
Term
| When changing the bulbs in stage lights, why should you not touch the bulbs? |
|
Definition
| BEcause the oils get on the and get super heated and pop the bulb. |
|
|
Term
| Name the 2 types of moving lights and how each works? |
|
Definition
Yoke/Head style-entire lamp rotates
Mirror lights-mirror moves on a fixed fixture and reflects light other directions. Not as much motion as yoke/head style. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lights used to creat shapes, like when you see skulls or hearts created by the lights. metal covers for PAR lights. |
|
|
Term
| This person is responsible for getting monetary support and hiring a crew fo a film. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the director responsible for? |
|
Definition
| The creative process. IE motivating the actors, camera angles and the like. |
|
|
Term
| What is another term for cinematographer and what does he do? |
|
Definition
| Director of Photography, decides everything about the captured images, like the film used and lens choice. |
|
|
Term
| The first assistant director does what? |
|
Definition
| Speaks for the director. Director doesn't raise voice, has the first AD do it. |
|
|
Term
| What is the production designer respnsible for? |
|
Definition
| Drawing concept art for the sets, and creating the look of the universe. he is also headof the art department. |
|
|
Term
| What is the job associated with building the sets? |
|
Definition
| Art Director. Crew reports to him when building sets. He is generally skilled in carpentry. |
|
|
Term
| These people buy props for the set that make it more believable (IE posters for a kids room etc.) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The assistant to the Gaffer is known as... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The general labor underneath the gaffer and best buy electric ar know as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the grip department take care of? |
|
Definition
| Figuring out how to get the camera where the director wants. Like attaching it to a car or something. General laborers. |
|
|
Term
| Who is head of the Grip Deaprtment and what is his assistant called? |
|
Definition
| Key grip, and best boy grip. |
|
|
Term
| What are the names of the 2 people in charge of collecting sound? |
|
Definition
| Production sound mixer and the Boom operator. |
|
|
Term
| What are som examples of support services? |
|
Definition
| wardrobe, make-up, catering, transportation etc. |
|
|
Term
| What does a person in charge of characterization do? |
|
Definition
| Designing a set around the characters. Making the set look like that perosn actually lives there. |
|
|
Term
| What are the advantages and disadvantages of shooting on location? |
|
Definition
Advantage: cheaper than building a set, and it's more realistic.
Disadvantage: lack of power (need generators), permits, outside security, and weather can cause problems. |
|
|
Term
| What are the advantages and disadvantages of shooting on a soundstage? |
|
Definition
Advantages: controlled environment (no weather to deal with), it's power ready, and they provide their own security.
Disadvantages: Lack of realism, costly rent and set contruction. |
|
|
Term
| What is the first step in set design? |
|
Definition
| Scale drawings showing elevation. needs front view (what camera will see), side view (shows wall supports), and rear view (shows the back of the set wall) |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of miniatures in film and what is the difference between the two? |
|
Definition
| Production miniatures and Exhibition miniatures. Production are for looking at a set befroe building it. Exhibition miniatures are used in actual filming. |
|
|
Term
| What is the most important aspect of film making and why? |
|
Definition
| Lighting because it sets the mood of the scene, adds to realism. |
|
|
Term
| What shows us where we are going to place lights on a set? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One of these is our friend, multiple of them are not? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does it mean when a light is motivated? |
|
Definition
| That light has a reason for being there, IE a lamp or ceiling light, or the sun. |
|
|
Term
| What 2 departments are responsible for the lighting? |
|
Definition
| Grips and electrical department. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 type of lighting in the 3 point lighting set-up? |
|
Definition
| Key lights, Back lights, and fill lights. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The main source of light in a scene, it's motivated, and you may need multiple but not neccesarily. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A light used to create a desirable ratio of light and dark on a subject (IE contrast). Also may need multiple, but beware of multiple shadows. |
|
|
Term
| What is a back light when talking about film? |
|
Definition
| A light placed above and behind the talent, used to seperate the actor from the background. Adds dimension. |
|
|
Term
| What made film noir different from traditional film? |
|
Definition
| It used shadows instead of lit subjects to tell stories. |
|
|
Term
| What are the four most common types of lights used on a film set? |
|
Definition
| Fresnel (Fren-el), soft light, Ellipsoidal, Fluorescent |
|
|
Term
| What are the features of a fresnel light? |
|
Definition
| It's a lensesed lighting instrument. It has concentric rings that help direct light and flaps on the side to focus the light better, Kind of like a light house |
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of a soft light? |
|
Definition
| The bulb is inset and reflects off of a mirror. It's very soft but difficult to control. Good fill light. |
|
|
Term
| What are ellipsoidal lights? |
|
Definition
| Very controllable lights, focused beam, double lensed light. |
|
|
Term
| What is a fluorescent light source in film? |
|
Definition
| It's a direct soft source, no mirrors. Pretty difficult to control. |
|
|
Term
| What are 3 more types of lighting that aren't as prevelant in film? |
|
Definition
Open face-basically a big flashlight, bulb in front of a reflector.
Molette-bulb on a stand, no shade, just light for everywhere.
Dedo-samll round circle of light. |
|
|
Term
| How many frames per second is a movie filmed at? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The natural bending of light waves through different mediums, like water. |
|
|
Term
| What part of the camera employs refraction to capture the images? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The distance between the center of the lens and the film plane. |
|
|
Term
| What does the iris of the lens do? |
|
Definition
| It controls the amount of light let into the lens. |
|
|
Term
| What is a measurement of how much light is allowed through the lens and how is it calculated and whats the range? |
|
Definition
| F-Stop, calculated by dividing the focal length by the lens diameter. Ranges 1-22 |
|
|
Term
| The lower the f-stop, the _____ the iris. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cameras have adjustable shutters, why? |
|
Definition
| To change the quality of the picture. |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the part o ft he camera that stores the film before and after it has been shot? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does super 8 compare to regular tape? |
|
Definition
| it only has one perferation instead of two, allowing for better picture quality. |
|
|
Term
| What is the standard stock size for film and what else does it contain other than the picture? |
|
Definition
| 35mm. It also holds info for all the different audio formats. |
|
|
Term
| What size film is used for epic films and is great for capturing landscapes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IMAX is 70mm, but how is it different from other 70mm stock? |
|
Definition
| The picture runs sideways instead of up and down and is shot in 1.33:1 |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of an anamorphic lens? |
|
Definition
| It squishes the widescreen picture captured together so it fits on the squared film, and the projecter (which also has an anamorphic lens) stretches it out so that it looks normal. |
|
|
Term
| What are halides and what is their purpose? |
|
Definition
| Halides are tiny crystals in the emulsion the part of the camera that captures the image. |
|
|
Term
| What is the significance of film speed? |
|
Definition
| Film speed is the sensitivity of film emulsion to light. the halides are smaller is slower speed film. slower speeds good for bright light, faster speeds good for darker areas. |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of T-grain and which company produced it? |
|
Definition
| Kodak produced T-grain to allow for consistancy between different film speeds. |
|
|
Term
| What is the telecine process? |
|
Definition
| The process of taking the 24fps film and converting it to 30fps ntsc standard. Copies one filed every other frame to prolong the shot. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers. Created timecode. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A code printed on the film that is frame specific and allows for accurate syncing of audio and video. |
|
|
Term
| What are the main parts of a camera? |
|
Definition
-Gate
-Pull down claw
-Aperature
-Shutter
-Registration pin |
|
|
Term
| What is ARPANET and when was it first created? |
|
Definition
| ARPANET was the first computer network created in 1969. Conisisted of 4 university computers connected in South west US. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| As an experiment ti maintain communication after a nuclear attack. |
|
|
Term
| What is hypertext and what year did it come about? |
|
Definition
| Hypertext is a lickable link on a page. Became basis for the WWW. Introduced in 1991. |
|
|
Term
| What year did the National Science Foundation end its sponsorship of the internet and why? |
|
Definition
| 1995, because they said it was too much to upkeep. This is when commercial services such as AOL or Prodigy started popping up and becoming popular. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A physical pipeline that data travels on. |
|
|
Term
| Name the 3 types of line mediums for the internet? |
|
Definition
| Twisted pair, Coaxial cable, and Fiber Optics. |
|
|
Term
| What is twisted pair cable? |
|
Definition
| A phone line, also used for DSL connection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A connection used for internet and also television. Fastest it can go is 10 mbps. |
|
|
Term
| The next generation connection that sends info as light is known as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Internet connections. T1 = 24 phone lines working together at 56k each. T3 = 672 phone lines working together at 56k each. |
|
|
Term
| Define bandwidth and what is the easy way to to think about bandwidth and throughput (according to the teacher)? |
|
Definition
| Bandwidth is The frequency range from highest to lowest that can pass through a circuit. Easy way to remember is to think of a sewer pipe as band width and sewage as throughput, the bigger the pipe, the more sewage gets through. so the more bandwidth, the faster the connection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Measurement of of the amount of data passing through a line medium during a given amount of time. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types on networks? |
|
Definition
| LAN (Local Area Network- covers a small area) and WAN (Wide Area Network-covers a larger area, IE the WWW) |
|
|
Term
| What does topology means? |
|
Definition
| Topology is the term used for how the computers are connected to each other. |
|
|
Term
| What is BUS topology and why is it a bad idea? |
|
Definition
| Computers are wired together in a string. Problem is if one computer in the string goes down, the rest of them after it go down also. |
|
|
Term
| What is RING topology and why is it worse that BUS? |
|
Definition
| Computers are set up in a circle, each is connected to 2 computers. Worse than BUS because if one goes down ALL of them go down. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All devices are connected by a central HUB which controls data traffic. This is the most common topology, no one of the pcs is affected by the others. |
|
|
Term
| TREE topology is a combonation of which two other topolologies and how is it so? |
|
Definition
| TREE is a combonation of both STAR and BUS topology. Multiple hubs are set up like BUS topology, while the computers hook into them is STAR form. |
|
|
Term
| In TREE topology, if one hub goes down, how come the others do not? |
|
Definition
| Because HUBs have a "through" which even if the hub is off it allows data to flow though to other hubs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The foundation for most LANS. Cable used to connect modems to hubs and PCs |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 types of ethernet cable and what is common right now? |
|
Definition
10 Base-T-10Mbps throughput
100 Base-T-100Mbps throughput (most common right now)
Gigabit Ethernet-1Gbps throughput. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wide Area Network-Spread over a large geographical area allowing communication between networks (public or private) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A combonation of text, sound, and graphics on one medium. |
|
|
Term
| What is interactivity and name the three types of interactivity? |
|
Definition
| The ability of the user to control the outcome and tempo of a multi-media experience. |
|
|
Term
| What is menu driven interactivity? |
|
Definition
| Usually hierachical, meaning that one menu brings you to anoth and another before you get results. DVDs are menu driven. |
|
|
Term
| What is hypermedia when talking about interactivity? |
|
Definition
| One of the types of interactivity. Non-linear interactivity meaning that no direct link between where you are and where youve been. The internet is a prime example. |
|
|
Term
| What is a good example of a simulation interactivity? |
|
Definition
| Video games. Simulation is high-user interaction, user controls pretty much everything. |
|
|
Term
| Any good project starts with a good _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 steps of designing a multimedia project? |
|
Definition
-Defining the project
-Flowcharting and storyboarding
-Creating the user interface
|
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 different types of grphics? |
|
Definition
| Bitmapped and Object oriented. |
|
|
Term
| What is a bitmapped graphic and what are the file types associated with it? |
|
Definition
| A graphic fixed at a particular resolution, meaning that the size can't be changed with out seeing effects. KNown also as Raster graphics. BMP, GIF, PNG, TIFF, and JPEG. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A windows bitmap file. Don't utilize compression making them generally large in size. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stands for Graphic Interchange Format. Only uses 256 colors, allowed for compression into smaller files. Animated GIFs are also possible. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Encapsulated Post Script. Used for printing purposes. Object oriented file. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Portable Network Graphic. Allowed for an improved version of the GIF. Allows for lossless compression with 16 million colors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tagged Image File Format. A file commonly used in the print industry. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Joint Photographic Experts Group. Not actually a file format, its really a set of compression standards for bitmapped images. It's a lossy compression which means it takes data away from the file. |
|
|
Term
| What is the maximum that JPEG can reduce an image size to? |
|
Definition
| 1/100th actual size, but this causes anomalies in the image. Usually only reduced to 1/20th. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Smooths out jagged edges of bitmapped images. |
|
|
Term
| What are object oriented images? |
|
Definition
| Images created using mathematical formulas, very common in computer illustration. Vector Graphics. Allows for enlarging of image with out losing resolution. |
|
|
Term
| What are common object oriented file types? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If you are a graphics designer, what programs should you be familiar with? |
|
Definition
| Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, and Macromedia freehand MX. |
|
|
Term
| There are two types of uncompressed audio files, one for windows, the other for apple. What are they and what OS is their counterpart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a streaming file? |
|
Definition
| A file found online that can be played directly from the internet or downloaded for playing. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 streaming file types associated with microsoft? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What isn't a midi file, what is a midi file? |
|
Definition
| A midi is not an audio file? Its a file that holds triggers for certain sounds in a system. |
|
|
Term
| What is an ASF and what has pretty much replaced it? |
|
Definition
| Advanced Streaming Format. Created by Microsoft to save synced audio and video for distribution. Replaced by Windows Media Audio (WMA) and Windows Media Video (WMV) |
|
|
Term
| What is an AVI and what must you have installed to view them? |
|
Definition
| Audio Video Interleave. Used commonly in Windows in regards to video files. Must have proper codec installed in order to view them. |
|
|
Term
| What format does Apple use for their streaming Video? It can also be used on Window as long as the player is installed. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A format created by Real Networks for streaming video via the internet. |
|
|
Term
| What format is used by animated wensites and presentations? |
|
Definition
| Shockwave Flash, macromedia. Extension is .swf |
|
|
Term
| What does MPEG stand for and what does it do? |
|
Definition
| Moving Pictures Experts Group. Compresses images and sound to smaller files. |
|
|
Term
| There are 4 formats of MPEG, what are they and what does each do? |
|
Definition
MPEG 1-used for audio and video files
MPEG1 Layer 3-"MP3" sound only, is a compressed wav file.
MPEG2-Used for high quality digital videos (DVD's)
MPEG4-used for interactive multimedia |
|
|
Term
| What does authoring software such as Director MX and FlashMX allow you to do? |
|
Definition
| Allows for syncing elements of a multimedia project without knowing code. |
|
|
Term
| In the past when finalizing a project, Geographical placement of files on a CD rom was impoortant. Why, and how were the files placed? |
|
Definition
| It was important because it helped speed up the dreadfully slow loading process. The larger files were placed closer to the center and loaded first while the smaller files were placed closer to the outer edge. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A test copy of the project, given to someone in order to obtain objective feedback. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 steps to finalizing your project? |
|
Definition
Pre-mastering: putting files on a disc (geographically)
Make A One-off
Mastering: Making duplicates and shipping them out |
|
|
Term
| How many different color books are there when referring to CD media? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is CD-DA and what color is its book? |
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Definition
| CD-Digital Audio, Red Book |
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Term
| Which cd format is Yellow book |
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Definition
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Term
| CD-Enhanced do what and are what color book? |
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Definition
| Enhanced Cds contain bonus features acquired after putting your disc into a computer. Blue Book |
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Term
| What is a green book disc and what does it do? |
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Definition
| CD-I (interactive), introduced by Philips and was a TV based player like a laser disc. |
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Term
| What color book are CD-R and RW? |
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Definition
| Orange. CD-R's are WORM (Write Once Read Many) discs. RW's allows for erasure and reburning of information. |
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Term
| What is a VCD and what color book is it? |
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Definition
| A cd burnt by a computer that can me read by most DVD players. White book |
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Term
| What format is Scarlet book? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many different books are there of DVD formats? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much information can a cd hold? |
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Definition
| Started at 650Mb now it can hold upwards of 700Mb. |
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Term
| What book are DVD-ROM discs? |
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Definition
| Book A, holds data burnt from a computer or separate DVD burner |
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Term
| What format are Book B DVD's and what are the commonly used for? |
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Definition
| DVD-Video. Thats the DVD's you buy at the store. Holds MPEG2 Video content. |
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Term
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Definition
| DVD-Audio format. Can hold various audio formats. |
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Term
| What book are DVD-R discs and what can you do with them? |
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Definition
| Book D, allow you to write once. WORM format like CD-R |
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Term
| Which 2 books of DVDs are Re-Writable, and what formats are they? |
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Definition
| Books E and F are rewritable. DVD-RAM (Book E) DVD-RW (Book F) |
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Term
| How much information can on DVD hold if both sides have both layers full? |
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Definition
| 17.9 Gigabytes. Each layer holds 4.5Gb, each side has 2 layers. |
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Term
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Definition
| User interaction in a 3D environment. Like video games. |
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Term
| What are 3D objects in an environment called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What lays out a models frame and what do they form once they've been joined by lines? |
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Definition
| Vertices layout the frame and the make polygons when connected by line |
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Term
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Definition
| A flat closed surface with 3 or more sides. |
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Term
| What must you add to a model to give it depth? |
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Definition
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Term
| Textures do what to a model? |
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Definition
| When placed on them, they add realism. |
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Term
| What are the three types of texture maps? |
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Definition
| Material maps, Image Maps, and Bump maps. |
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Term
| What is the material maps purpose? |
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Definition
| To show the reflective properties of a 3D object. |
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Term
| What is an image maps purpose? |
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Definition
| 2D, adds color and the "look" of the object. |
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Term
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Definition
| The are 2D maps in black and white. Ands the illusion of depth to an object. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of converting a 3D object oriented image to 2D. |
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Term
| When something is "Real Time" what does that mean? |
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Definition
| It means that the rendering is live, the environment is being built right there as you go along. |
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Term
| What is the ideal frame rate for a real time game or environment? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many degrees of freedom do you have in a 3D environment? |
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Definition
| 6 degrees. You can move on the X, Y, or Z axes. You can also rotate on each of the axes. |
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Term
| Pitch, Yaw and Roll are each associated with which axes? |
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Definition
Pitch - X
Yaw - Y
Roll -Z |
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Term
| What type of system must a person be immersed in in order to fully experience it? |
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Definition
| Virtual Reality. It's also a subset of RT3D. |
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Term
| What are the four places where we see animation (as told to us in clas)? |
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Definition
| Movies, Advertising, Video games, Research and development |
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Term
| To animate is to bring to life, so what is animation? |
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Definition
| Creates the illusion of motion, but is just a series of pictures. |
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Term
| How many frames are in one minute of FILM footage? In VIDEO? |
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Definition
24 * 60 = 1,440
30 * 60 = 1,800 |
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Term
| What are the three basica nimation mediums? |
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Definition
| Stop motion, Calymation, Cel animation |
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Term
| How does cel animation work? |
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Definition
| Having a camera that sees multiple layers (IE the background and the characters) and reads them seperately so that you don't have to keep re-drawing the stuff that doesn't change frame to frame. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tracing film of live actors onto paper to be animated later. Ex: The A Ha video Take on me |
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Term
| In the 1830's 2 sciences were developed, what were they and what did each study? |
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Definition
Kinematics-study of motion
kinesiology-study of animal motion. |
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Term
| What were the names of Eadweard Muybridges books on motion and what years were they released? |
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Definition
Animal Locomotion (1889)
The Human Figure in Motion (1901) |
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Term
| In 1906, this man created the first animated film. What was his name, and his film's name? |
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Definition
| J. Stuart Blackton, The Humorous Phases of Funny Faces |
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Term
| Who created Gertie the Dinosaur, in what year, and why was Gertie important to the animation world? |
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Definition
| Windsor McKay created Gertie in 1914. She was important because she was the first animated character with a personality. |
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Term
| What year was Stemboat Willie released and what did it have that no other animated film had? |
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Definition
| Steamboat Willie was released in 1928 by Disney. It was the first animated film to have syncronized sound. |
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Term
| What did Disney do before anyone else? |
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Definition
| Three things. They were the first to give a bunch of charaters their own personalities, the created the first technicolor animated film (Flower's and Trees) and they made the first public stereo soound production (Fantasia, 1940) |
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Term
| What device, invented in the 60's was the first device that allowed you to alter images on a screen? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did the Animac turn into when it was purchased from its creator? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does SIGGRAPH stand for and when was the first one held? Also, what was first displayed at this convention? |
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Definition
| 1973-SIGGRAPH stands for Special Interest Group on computer GRAPHics. The first 3D models were displayed here. |
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Term
| What was the first commercial film to use computer graphics integration (CGI) in it? When was it released and who wrote it? |
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Definition
| West World released in 1973. It was written by Michael Crichton. |
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Term
| What film first integrated 3D graphics and what year was it released? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the first film to use CGI in the environment with actors and what year was it released? |
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Definition
| Tron in 1982, from Disney |
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Term
| The Last Starfighter was the first movie to do what, and what year was it released? |
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Definition
| First film to use photorealistic CG images. Used Cray XMP computer |
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Term
| In 1986, who bought Lucas Films computter animation division and what was it renamed? |
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Definition
| Steve Jobs renamed it Pixar. |
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Term
| What was the first CG film to win an award and in what year? |
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Definition
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Term
| What device was invented in 1993 when production of Jurassic Park called for new technology and what does it do? |
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Definition
| DID, digital input device. It allowed for the use of hands on skills with CG. |
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Term
| What was the first full length acomputer animated feature and when was it released? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 2 steps taken in computer animation preproduction? |
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Definition
| Hand drawing charater models, then building maquettes, which are detailed sculptures? |
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Term
| What is modeling in computer animation? |
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Definition
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Term
| In computer animation, there are default models that help start a project, what are they called? |
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Definition
| Primitives, they are basic shapes like a cube or cylinder that we can manipulate as we see fit instead of starting from scratch. |
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Term
| What are the 2 way of modeling for animation and what does each do? |
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Definition
Polygon based-straight line modeling (vector graphics)
NURBS-Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline-Allows for the plotting of curved lines in 3D. |
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Term
| What is character rigging? |
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Definition
| Building the skeleton for the character? |
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Term
| What are 2 systems used for plotting a characters movements? |
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Definition
| Forward Kinematics and Inverse Kinematics. Forward involves moving 1 joint at a time, while inverse is when you move one part of the body and the rest reacts to it, like a marionette. |
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Term
| What are the two methods used to animate when talking about computer animation? |
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Definition
| Key framing and motion capture. |
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Term
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Definition
| A method of animating characters. It records the start and end position of a model and the computer creates movement between them. |
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Term
| What is motion capture and what are the three different types of motion capture? |
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Definition
Recording a performer while he is wearing a sweet motion cature suit, which is one of three things.
1. Optical-the suit has refelctors on it and the camera sees the changes in light of the reflectors.
2. Magnetic-it senses change in a magnetic field.
3. Electromechanical-outfit reads the change in motion and transmits the information to a computer. |
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Term
| What are particle effects and what are they used for? |
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Definition
| They are points in a 3D space that are animates based on physics. Snow for example. |
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Term
| What are the three components of scene building for computer animation? |
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Definition
| Composition, camera sut-up, and Lighting. |
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Term
| When talking about scene building in computer animation, what is composition? |
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Definition
| The placement of objects in a scene |
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Term
| When talking about scene building in computer animation, what is camera set-up? |
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Definition
| Programming the camera movements into whatever program you are using. |
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Term
| When talking about scene building in computer animation, what is lighting? |
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Definition
| The way the lights are sey up around a scene, just like a real film. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conerting 3D data to a 2D bitmapped image. |
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Term
| How long would it take one computer in 1995 to render Toy Story? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| It is used to render animation. Basically is a bunch of computers working together to render a project. |
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Term
| When talking about computer animation, what is computer rotoscoping? |
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Definition
| Layering seperate rendered images or CG with live action. |
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Term
| What is compositing when thinking about computer animation? |
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Definition
| The process of layering together the seperately rendered characters, objects, shadows,and highlights in computer animation. |
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Term
| In 2003, the video game industry pulled in how much in revenue in the US and Worldwide and what is it expected to reach worldwide in 2008? |
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Definition
US-10 billion
WorldWide-25 billion
2008-35 billion |
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Term
| How much money did Golden Tee bring in in 2003? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the first computer game, who created it, and what year was it made? |
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Definition
| In 1952, A.S. Douglas created the first computerr game called Noughts and Crosses. |
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Term
| What is the first "video" game, who produced it and when was it created? |
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Definition
| William Higinbotham created Tennis for Two in 1958. |
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Term
| What is the most widely traded file on ARPANET for a few years? |
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Definition
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Term
| What year was Space War created and who made it? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the first person to envision video games for home use, and who bought his creation? |
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Definition
| Ralph Baer created his brown box in 1966 and sold it to Magnavox who in 1972 released the Magnavox Odyssey. |
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Term
| Who was the spokesman for the Odyssey? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the significance of Nolan Bushnell? |
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Definition
| He helped usher in the Arcade Era by creating Computer Space, which was basically Space War in an arcade unit. He started synergy which soon became Atari, in 1972. |
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Term
| What game did Nolan Bushnell create that changed gaming history? |
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Definition
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