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John Chapter 7
john chapter 7 flashcards
89
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
10/20/2011

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Term
Cognition
Definition
manipulating and transforming info into memory
Term
Cognitive Psychologist,Cognitive Heuro Psychologist
Definition
Psychologist that study Cognition
Term
Examples of Cogniotion
Definition
all mental activities associated with knowing,remembering,deciding,attending,solving,judging
Term
Whats a major theme?
Definition
resources/energy,shortcuts.often gets us in trouble
Term
What are mental images.
Definition
internal picture like representations,
organization-speed often less cumbersome than verbal
Term
Concepts,What are they,What do we know about them
Definition
ideas that represent a group of similar objects,events ideas or people
Term
why develop concepts
Definition
helps with data,formal by definition
Term
Natural (concepts)
Definition
by prototype.speeds sortig into categpories
Term
Problem Solving
Definition
thinking and behaving in ways to reach a goal,identifying goals and steps needed to get there
Term
Trial and error
Definition
trying different ways until 1 works
Term
whats Trial and Error know as
Definition
Mechicacial
Term
alogothrims
Definition
step by step procedures that garuntee a soltion (can be labor intensive
Term
Heuristics
Definition
fastest but more error prone.Educated guess based on past experiences
Term
examaples of Heuristics
Definition
kids tv shows
what letters likely tug
Term
Insight
Definition
solution comes suddenely and often novel
Term
what moment is an insight moment
Definition
AHA!!
Term
example in class of insight
Definition
CRABapple appleSAUCE PINEapple
Term
Creativity
Definition
ability to combine ideas,behaviors in new ways.(thinking outside the box
Term
example of creativity in class
Definition
Making four straight lines with the dots
Term
things that hurt or hinder problem solving
Definition
Conformation bias
fixation mental set
functional fixdness
Term
Confirmation Bias
Definition
tendenacy to search for information that supposrts what we already think and to ignore or distort info that contradicts what we think
Term
Fixiation Mental Set
Definition
to approach problems with only one way
Term
functional fixdness
Definition
tendacy to think of thing only used for there normal function
Term
example of Functional fixdness in class
Definition
using the pliers as a weight
using the die as a screwdriver
Term
example of Fixation Mental set
Definition
JFMA..............
HIJK...............
Term
Using and Misusing Heuristics
Definition
generally helpful shortcutscan lead smartness into dumb decessions
Term
Represenative Heuristics
Definition
judging how likely something is by how well it representates
Matches prototype can help or hurt
Term
Availability Heuristics
Definition
the easier it is to think of an example the more likely we are to think it will happen
Term
Overconfidence
Definition
we are often more confident than we are correct.overestimate accuracy
Term
The belief perservance phenemonon
Definition
tendacy to cling to iniatial conception even after basis they were formed on has been discredeted
Term
List and define the 3 components of love according to Sternberg
Definition
Intimacy-emotional component-clsness,warmth,sharing
Passion-Motivational force-intensity desire,seual
commintment-cognitive.decisions
Term
Can you distinguish between romantic
love, companionate love and consummate love (which components does each have)?
Definition
romantic love-intimacy,passion
Companiate love-intimacy,commitment
Consumate-imntimacy, passion,commitment
Term
)? What
determines satisfaction in a relationship in this model of love? (which relationships are happiest?)
Definition
it depends,when both peopl get what they want
Term
What is the typical course of a successful romantic relationship (what tends to happen to passion,
intimacy and commitment over time?)
Definition
romantic relationships
Passion-decreases
intimacy,commitmenet-increases
Term
What % of people marry? What % divorce? What % remarry
Definition
marry 90
divorce 40 -45
remarry 75
Term
What are some of the most common
reasons given for divorce?
Definition
infedility,communicattion prblems,basic unhappiness,incompatibale,communication problems
Term
Can you predict divorce with
any accuracy?
Definition
no
Term
?) What factors do we believe have
contributed to the higher divorce rate now compared to 40 years ago?
Definition
1-parents divorce
2marry younger or late
3-short courtship4-perfoctionist or insecure
4-score high on neurcosims
5-working or lower class
6-problem during courtship
Term
Are divorce rates higher or lower for second marriages and why might this be?
Definition
higher, Complications with other marriage
Term
As a result, what do John Gottman and many
other therapists look for and do in their work with couples?
Definition
may need to fi feelings 1st,works on grow the postives
Term
NA....What do we know about the kids from families that have experienced divorce?
Definition
Term
NA...What types of symptoms
might be seen and how long until most are doing well again?
Definition
Term
NA...What other things are likely to be
happening in these families that may be contributing to the difficulties some of these kids have?
Definition
Term
What is emotional intelligence?
Definition
a powerful predection of who does well in life
Term
? What four components were highlighted in class (and the film clip)
and what kinds of behaviors/traits does each reflect
Definition
1-recogonize and manage your anger
2-soothe yourself whenin distress
3-control your impusives
4- read and responf to the emotind of other people (verbally and non verbally)
Term
NA...What does the data say about the
importance of emotional intelligence
Definition
Term
NA...Can you teach it (meaning can you help people get more
of it)?
Definition
Term
NA... What age(s) are easiest to help train emotional IQ?
Definition
Term
What do you remember about that test they did with kids, the bell and candy
Definition
kids were given a piecs of candy and left alon..were told if they ring the bell they can eat the cand y..if the wait then they will get more candy
Term
NA...What component of
emotional IQ did it measure
Definition
Term
what do the results help predict?
Definition
kids who waited will
1-more frinds
2-better grades
3-less jail
4-less teen pregenacy
Term
Who is the best known researcher in emotional intelligence?
Definition
Daniel Goleman
Term
What is the definition of personality? (2 things listed in class)
Definition
1-the unique constillation of traits,emotions,motives and behavior
2- asssumption that these are generally consistent
Term
Psychoanalytical
Definition
personality reflects unconsiousness forces and conflicts focus on childhood issues/experiences
Term
Behavioristic
Definition
cognitive behavior/learning- perssonality including thought patterns and beliefs,cinsist of learned responses or habits
Term
humanistic
Definition
focus on what makes us human /freedom of choice
Term
trait perspetives
Definition
attempts to desribe personality characteristics and predict future behavior...recogonize role of nio,envirometn
Term
How much of our personality is believed to be inherited?
Definition
50
Term
What is a trait?
Definition
consistent way to think feel or behave
Term
List and define the 3 components of love according to Sternberg
Definition
Intimacy-emotional component-clsness,warmth,sharing
Passion-Motivational force-intensity desire,seual
commintment-cognitive.decisions
Term
Can you distinguish between romantic
love, companionate love and consummate love (which components does each have)?
Definition
romantic love-intimacy,passion
Companiate love-intimacy,commitment
Consumate-imntimacy, passion,commitment
Term
)? What
determines satisfaction in a relationship in this model of love? (which relationships are happiest?)
Definition
it depends,when both peopl get what they want
Term
What is the typical course of a successful romantic relationship (what tends to happen to passion,
intimacy and commitment over time?)
Definition
romantic relationships
Passion-decreases
intimacy,commitmenet-increases
Term
What % of people marry? What % divorce? What % remarry
Definition
marry 90
divorce 40 -45
remarry 75
Term
What are some of the most common
reasons given for divorce?
Definition
infedility,communicattion prblems,basic unhappiness,incompatibale,communication problems
Term
Can you predict divorce with
any accuracy?
Definition
no
Term
?) What factors do we believe have
contributed to the higher divorce rate now compared to 40 years ago?
Definition
1-parents divorce
2marry younger or late
3-short courtship4-perfoctionist or insecure
4-score high on neurcosims
5-working or lower class
6-problem during courtship
Term
Are divorce rates higher or lower for second marriages and why might this be?
Definition
higher, Complications with other marriage
Term
As a result, what do John Gottman and many
other therapists look for and do in their work with couples?
Definition
may need to fi feelings 1st,works on grow the postives
Term
NA....What do we know about the kids from families that have experienced divorce?
Definition
Term
NA...What types of symptoms
might be seen and how long until most are doing well again?
Definition
Term
NA...What other things are likely to be
happening in these families that may be contributing to the difficulties some of these kids have?
Definition
Term
What is emotional intelligence?
Definition
a powerful predection of who does well in life
Term
? What four components were highlighted in class (and the film clip)
and what kinds of behaviors/traits does each reflect
Definition
1-recogonize and manage your anger
2-soothe yourself whenin distress
3-control your impusives
4- read and responf to the emotind of other people (verbally and non verbally)
Term
NA...What does the data say about the
importance of emotional intelligence
Definition
Term
NA...Can you teach it (meaning can you help people get more
of it)?
Definition
Term
NA... What age(s) are easiest to help train emotional IQ?
Definition
Term
What do you remember about that test they did with kids, the bell and candy
Definition
kids were given a piecs of candy and left alon..were told if they ring the bell they can eat the cand y..if the wait then they will get more candy
Term
NA...What component of
emotional IQ did it measure
Definition
Term
what do the results help predict?
Definition
kids who waited will
1-more frinds
2-better grades
3-less jail
4-less teen pregenacy
Term
Who is the best known researcher in emotional intelligence?
Definition
Daniel Goleman
Term
What is the definition of personality? (2 things listed in class)
Definition
1-the unique constillation of traits,emotions,motives and behavior
2- asssumption that these are generally consistent
Term
Psychoanalytical
Definition
personality reflects unconsiousness forces and conflicts focus on childhood issues/experiences
Term
Behavioristic
Definition
cognitive behavior/learning- perssonality including thought patterns and beliefs,cinsist of learned responses or habits
Term
humanistic
Definition
focus on what makes us human /freedom of choice
Term
trait perspetives
Definition
attempts to desribe personality characteristics and predict future behavior...recogonize role of nio,envirometn
Term
How much of our personality is believed to be inherited?
Definition
50
Term
What is a trait?
Definition
consistent way to think feel or behave
Term
What is the difference between surface traits and source traits?
Definition
surface traits=easily seen in outward actions,if shy tends to be scar and all clustered
Source traits=more basic-underlie surface traits,form core of personality
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