Term
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Definition
- Shoulder Girdle = Scapula + Clavicle
- Shoulder Joint = Glenohumeral Joint
- Shoulder complex is made up of 3 Anatomical Joints
- SC Joint
- AC Joint
- GH Joint
- Plus 1 Functional articulation (ST interface)
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Term
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Definition
- Joins the shoulder girdle to the axial skeleton
- synovial joint
- strong joint capsule
- contains a fibrocartilage articular disc
- similar to pubic symphysis (but smaller)
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Term
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Definition
- strong reinforcing ligaments
- Anterior and Posterior Sternoclavicular Ligaments --> btwen manubrium & clavicle
- Reinforce the joint capsule
- Costoclavicular Ligament --> btwn rib 1 and medial clavicle
- limits extremes of all clavicular mvmts except depression
- Greatest limit is on elevation
- Interclavicular Ligament --> btwn sternal ends of clavicles
- Limits depression and lateral displacement
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Term
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Definition
- Accompanied by accessory movements at the AC joint to produce movement of the scapula
- Elevation & Depression
- Frontal/Coronal plane
- AP axis
- Protraction & Retraction
- Horizontal plane
- Vertical axis
- Clavicle moves anteriorly during protraction, but the scapula bumps into the ribs, so moves laterally
- Long Axis Rotation
- Sagittal plane
- ML axis
- passive movement produced during shoulder elevation
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Term
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Definition
- Synovial joint with a partial disc
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Term
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Definition
- Coracoacromial Ligament
- Forms arch over glenohumeral joint
- Acromioclavicular Ligament
- Superior and inferior ligaments
- Strengthen joint capsule
- Coracoclavicular Ligament
- Actually 2 ligaments
- Trapezoid ligament
- Conoid ligament
- As elevation pulls ligament taut, tension creates posterior rotation of the clavicle at SC joint allowing elevation to continue through full range
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Term
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Definition
- Upward and Downward Rotation
- Rotational Adjustments
- Horizontal Plane
- Vertical Axis
- Internal rotation --> subscapular fossa rotates medially
- excessive internal rotation results in excessive posterior displacement of the medial border of the scapula = Winging (weakness of serratus anterior)
- External rotation --> subscapular fossa rotates laterally
- Sagittal Plane
- ML axis
- Anterior tilt --> superior portion of glenoid fossa moves anteriorly (pec minor)
- Posterior tilt --> superior portion of glenoid fossa moves posteriorly
- Rotational adjustments in the horizontal and sagittal planes maintains scapula against the trunk during UE movements
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Term
| Scapulothoracic Movements |
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Definition
- Upward Rotation & Downward Rotation
- SC elevation & lots of AC upward rotation/ SC depression & AC downward rotation
- Scapula moves up and out/down and in
- Functionally occurs in an oblique plane ("scaption")
- Elevation & Depression
- Mostly SC elevation with some AC downward rotation/SC depression & AC upward rotation
- Protraction & Retraction
- Mostly SC protraction with some AC horizontal rotation/SC retraction & AC horizontal rotation
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Term
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Definition
- Freely Moveable
- Shallow Glenoid Fossa
- Very Loose Joint Capsule
- May displace up to 1 inch laterally if muscles paralyzed
- Stability provided by:
- Glenoid labrum
- Ring of fibrocartilage
- attaches to/surrounds glenoid fossa
- slightly deepens fossa
- GH ligaments
- Rotator Cuff muscles
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Term
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Definition
- Anterior and Posterior GH ligaments
- Coracohumeral ligament
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Term
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Definition
- Tear of the AC ligament
- Grade 1-2 involves only the AC ligament
- Grade 3 involves the AC and Coracoclavicular ligaments
- NOT the same as a dislocated shoulder
- Does NOT occur at the GH joint
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Term
| Shoulder Dislocation/Subluxation |
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Definition
- Humeral head is displaced from the glenoid fossa
- Subluxed shoulder is a partial dislocation
- Is NOT a shoulder separation
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