Term
|
Definition
Atlas and Occipital bone
Condyloid structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Atlas and Axis bone
Pivot structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Clavicle and Scapula bone
Plane structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Humerus and Scapula bone
Ball and Socket structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ulna and Humerus bone
Hinge structure |
|
|
Term
| Radioulnar (proximal) joint? |
|
Definition
Radius and Ulna bone
Pivot structure |
|
|
Term
| Radioulnar (Distal) joint? |
|
Definition
Radius and Ulna bone
Pivot structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radius and Carpals (wrist) bone
Condyloid structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Carpometacarpal (1) joint? |
|
Definition
Thumb (Carpals/Metacarpals)
Saddle structure |
|
|
Term
| Carpometacarpal (2-5) joint? |
|
Definition
Fingers (Carpals/Metacarpals)
Plane structure |
|
|
Term
| Metacarpophalangeal joint? |
|
Definition
Knuckles (metacarpal phalanges)
Condyloid structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hip and femur
Ball and socket structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tibia and Femur
Modified hinge (plane) structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
patella and femur
plane structure |
|
|
Term
| Tibiofibular (Proximal) joint? |
|
Definition
tibia and fibula
plane structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tia and fibular/talus
hinge structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tarsals and metatarsals
plane structure |
|
|
Term
| Metatarsophalangeal joint? |
|
Definition
metatarsal/phalanges
condyloid structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
uniaxial
flexion, extension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is condyloid movement? |
|
Definition
Biaxial
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Biaxial
Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction |
|
|
Term
| What is ball and Socket movement? |
|
Definition
multiaxial
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, and rotation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bending movement
decreases angle of joint
brings two bones closer together
ex) bending over anteriorly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Increases angle of joint
ex) straightening up after bending over anteriorly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
excessive extension
increase in angle beyond anatomical position or 180 degrees.
ex) some people's elbows go the other way.
ex) leaning your head back |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
movement of a limb away from the midline
ex) spreading fingers or toes apart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Movement of a limb toward the midline
ex) moving fingers together after spreading them out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
distal end moves in a circle
proximal end of limb stays stationary
caused by a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction one right after the other
ex) arm circles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
movement of bone around its own axis
lateral rotation towards the outside
medial rotation towards the inside
ex) hand screwing a lightbulb
ex) saying 'no' |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rotating the forearm medially so that the palm posteriorly moves the distal end of the radius across the ulna so that the two bones from an X |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rotating the forearm laterally so that the palm faces anteriorly
radius and ulna are parallel. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lifting foot towards your shin (standing on heels) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flexing your foot downward (pointing your toes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sole of foot turns medially
(penguin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sole of foot turns laterally
(pigeon toed) |
|
|
Term
| What are the two classifications of joints? |
|
Definition
| structurally and functionally |
|
|
Term
| What are the two functions of joints? |
|
Definition
holds bones together
allows for mobility |
|
|
Term
| What the three parts of functional classification? |
|
Definition
Synarthroses
Amphiarthroses
Diarthroses |
|
|
Term
| what are the three parts of structural classification? |
|
Definition
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial |
|
|
Term
| Which classification is named according to the degree of movement? |
|
Definition
| Functional classification |
|
|
Term
| Which classification is named based on the type of connective tissue that joins the bones together? |
|
Definition
| Structural classification |
|
|
Term
| What are the three types of Synarthroses (fibrous joints)? |
|
Definition
Sutures
Syndesmoses
Gomphoses |
|
|
Term
| What are immovable joints? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the slightly movable joints? |
|
Definition
| Amphiarthroses/Cartilaginous |
|
|
Term
| What are the freely movable joints? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the four parts of the general structure of synovial joints? |
|
Definition
articular cartilage
fibrous articular capsule
Joint cavity
Reinforcing ligaments |
|
|
Term
| What is articular cartilage? |
|
Definition
| hyaline cartilage, covers ends of bones |
|
|
Term
| What is fibrous articular capsule? |
|
Definition
| surfaces are enclosed by a two layer sleeve of connective tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| space filled with lubricating synovial fluid which has an eggwhite consistency that provides a slippery weight-bearing film that reduces the friction between the cartilages |
|
|
Term
| what are reinforcing ligaments? |
|
Definition
| fibrous capsule is reinforced and strengthened with ligaments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flattened fibrous sacs, occur where ligaments, muscles, skin, tendons, or bones rub together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon subject to friction, like a bun around a hot dog |
|
|
Term
| What are three factors that affect stability? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the ligaments reinforcing a joint are stretched or town
heal slowly due to lack of blood supply
completely ruptured ligaments must be repaired by surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bones are forced out of their normal postion in a joint cavity
usually accompanied by sprains, inflmmation and immobilization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inflammatory or degenerative diseases of joints
most widespread crippling disease in the US
pain, stiffness, and swelling of joint |
|
|
Term
| What are the three types of chronic arthritis? |
|
Definition
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid
Gouty arthritis |
|
|
Term
| what is the most common chronic arthritis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| softening and erosion of cartilage caused by age or effect of weight bearing and abrasion |
|
|
Term
| What is rheumatoid arthritis? |
|
Definition
autoimmune disease - immune system attacks joints
no cure, only treat symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
when blood levels of uric acid rise, urate crystals are deposited into the joints and cause inflammation
can be destructive and can fuse articulating bones together |
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