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JT P604 Exam 2 BBC
flashcards taken from BBC lecture
41
Pathology
Post-Graduate
11/04/2012

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

???? & ????? PROTECT

against Colon Cancer

Definition
ASA & NSAIDS
Term

Tumors occur when ????

occur in genes

Definition
mutations
Term
leading preventable cause of death in U.S.
Definition

tobacco use

Cigarette smoke

Term
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure in utero 
Definition
Term

Famine during pregnancy 

effects on embryo 

Definition

increased rate of type II diabetes in Puma Indians

 

Term
viruses that cause cancers
Definition

Hep B&C, HPV, Herpes, Epstein-Barr

 

Term
Bacteria associated with stomach cancer is:
Definition
Helibactor Pylori 
Term
Alcohol causes what cancers?
Definition
colo-rectal, breast, esophageal cancer
Term
obesity is risk factor for many forms of cancer:  BMI increase associated with increase in CANCER
Definition

adipose tissue is to blame.  visceral adipocytes are lipolytic & release fatty acids and decrease release of adiponectin.

insulin resistance occurs making fat peeps hyperinsulinemia!  

Term
chronic hyperinsulinemia is correlated with what cancers?
Definition

colon, breast, pancreatic, endometrial cancers

 

Term
Physical activity decreases risk for what cancers?
Definition
breast and colon! 
Term
exposure to ????? causes lung cancer called ????
Definition

Asbestos

Mesothelioma

 

Term

Most Cancer in children

arise from ???? germ layer of embryo

Definition
mesodermal 
Term
Wilms Tumor also called ???
Definition
nephroblastoma
Term
wilms tumor is what kind of cancer?
Definition

kidney.  develops from mesodermal layer

most common kidney cancer. 

kidney tumor.

 

Term
Ebstein Barr Virus linked to ????
Definition

Burkitt's lymphoma 

Hodgkins lymphoma

 

Term
?????? most common cancer in children
Definition
leukemias
Term
genetic factors: children with down's syndrome most likely to develop ?????
Definition
leukemia
Term
Acquired factors in children to develop leukemia & lyphoma
Definition
children who have had a organ transplant
Term
anabolic steroid use in children increases risk for what type of cancer?
Definition
hepatocellular carcinoma 
Term
cytotoxins (chemotherapy) increases risk for:
Definition
leukemia 
Term
immunosuppressives (for children that have had organ transplants) will increase risk for what cancer?
Definition
lymphoma 
Term
Burkitt lymphoma also seen amount ????? patients
Definition
organ transplant 
Term
Alzheimer's Disease: (AD) 2 types:
Definition

late onset familial (FAD)

&

non-hereditory or sporadic late onset (70% of cases!)

Term
Most cases of AD in U.S. is ???
Definition
late onset sporadic 
Term
early onset of AD etiology:
Definition
3 gene defects have been identified. 
Term
late onset AD etiology
Definition
defect in apolipoprotein E
Term
Risk factors for AD
Definition

AGE

Family History

Term
AD brain 
Definition
Term
Degenerative disk disease most prominant place where it occurs is on the 
Definition
lumbar 
Term

hypothyroidism means ???? in TSH and ????

in T4 (TH)

Definition
HIGH in TSH and LOW in T4
Term

when a person has thyroid Carcinoma

they has 

????? T3 and T4

Definition
normal 
Term
most causative factor for thyroid carcinoma
Definition
exposure to ionizing radiation during childhood 
Term
diabetes is defined as 
Definition

Glucose intolerance 

 

Term
Type I Diabetes=
Definition

absolute insulin deficiency

 

Term
Type II=
Definition
insuline resistance with insulin secretory deficit 
Term
MODY subset of Diabetes II
Definition
autosomal dominant disorder
Term
Risk factors for DM II
Definition
obesity, family history, female, hispanics, blacks and Pima Indians.
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